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Mechanism of catalytic hydropyrolysis of sedimentary organic matter with MoS_2

Petroleum Science 2011年第2期8卷 134-142页

作者： He Kun Zhang Shuichang Mi Jingkui Chen Jianping Cheng Lei Petroleum Geology research and Central Laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development （RIPED） PetroChina Beijing 100083 China CNPC Key Laboratories for Petroleum Geochemistry Beijing 100083 China

MoS2 was used as an efficient catalyst for hydropyrolysis （Hypy） of three samples of sedimentary organic matter with different maturities. Through comparison with Soxhlet extraction （SE）, it was found that MoS2 catalytic Hypy can remarkably promote the yields of total chloroform extracts, saturates, aromatics, hopanes and steranes. In addition, the difference of biomarker parameters indicated that isomerization of covalently-bound biomarkers is much more difficult than their free counterparts. Meanwhile, the high conversion of total organic carbon （TOC） in MoS2 catalytic Hypy of organic matter proved that the presence of dispersed molybdenum sulfide accelerated the breaking of C-C bonds and the release of hydrocarbons. To address the catalytic mechanism, a series of control experiments based on free Hypy and catalytic Hypy were conducted. The results showed that the calculated atomic ratio of carbon conversion/hydrogen conversion for catalytic Hypy was much larger than the presumed value of 1/2, indicating that intensive hydrogenation took place and significantly influenced the distribution of liquid products. Analysis of stable hydrogen isotope data, infrared spectra and m/z 83 ion chromatograph of the saturate fraction further confirmed this hypothesis. The difference of S content changing （AS） between catalyst-free Hypy and catalytic Hypy, and the thermal characteristics of the catalyst, indicated that active H2S was definitely generated and it probably initiated free radical reactions in the early stage of hydropyrolysis of organic matter.

关键词： Catalytic hydropyrolysis molybdenum disulfide kerogen coal Soxhlet extraction,biomarkers

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An experimental study of electroreduction of CO2 to HCOOH on SnO2/C in presence of alkali metal cations(Li^+,Na^+,K^+,Rb^+and Cs^+)and anions(HCO3^-,Cl^-,Br^-and I^-)

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第10期28卷 2549-2554页

作者： Qi Zhang Xiaolin Shao Jin Yi Yuyu Liu Jiujun Zhang Institute for sustainable Energy College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

It is well-known that the electrolytes can influence the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(ERCO2)in aqueous *** this work,we explore the effects of alkali metal cations and anions(Li^+,Na^+,K^+,Rb^+,Cs^+,HCO3^-,Cl^-,Br^-,I^-)on the current density and product selectivity for the ERCO2 into formic acid(HCOOH)on the SnO2/carbon paper(Sn O2/C)*** of the ERCO2 experiments show that for the cations,the promotion effects on current density and faradaic efficiencies(FEs)are in the order of Li^+b Na^+b K^+b Cs^+b Rb^+.For the anions,the current density values are in the order of Na HCO3 b NaClb Na Br b Na I and KHCO3 b KCl≈KI b KBr,respectively,and that on the FEs for the formation of the HCOOH(FEHCOOH)is HCO3-b Cl-b Br-b I-.Based on this result,the effects of alkali metal cations and anions on ERCO2 are discussed.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Electroreduction SnO2 electrode Effects Anions Cations

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Chromospheric activity in several single late-type stars

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第2期15卷 252-274页

作者： Li-Yun Zhang Qing-Feng Pi Zhong-Zhong Zhu Department of Physics & NAOC-GZU Sponsored Center for Astronomy research College of Science Guizhou University Guizhou Province Big Data Industry development Application research Institute Guizhou University

New high-resolution echelle spectra of six single late-type Pleiades-like stars （V368 Cep, EP Eri, DX Leo, GJ 211, PW And and V383 Lac） were obtained with the 2.16 meter telescope at Xinglong Station in 2008-2010. Using the spectral subtraction technique, we analyzed our spectroscopic data and calculated the equiva- lent widths of excess emission from several indicators of chromospheric activity （Na I D1, D2, Hoz and Ca II infrared triplet lines）. All our results using chromospheric activ- ity indicators confirmed the previous findings. In addition, the maximum amplitudes of chromospheric rotational modulation and the ratio of EW8542/EW8498 were found to rise with increasing v sin i velocity.

关键词： stars: chromospheres stars: spectroscopic stars: activity stars: rotation late-type

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Ruthenium-ion-catalyzed oxidation of asphaltenes and oil-source correlation of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields in the Tarim Basin, NW China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2005年第1期24卷 28-36页

作者：马安来张水昌张大江金之钧马晓娟陈清棠 Petroleum Exploration and Production research Institute SinoPec Beijing 100083 ChinaThe Department of Geochemistry Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development CNPC Beijing 100083 China Petroleum Exploration and Production research Institute SinoPec Beijing 100083 China Exploration and development Scientific research Institute Zhongyuan Oilfield Company Puyang 457001 China

The identification of marine source rocks in the Tarim Basin is debated vigorously. The intention of this paper is to investigate the asphaltenes in heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields and Well TD2 with ruthenium-ions-catalyzed oxidation technique (RICO), in order to explore its role in oil-oil and oil-source correlations. The RICO products included n-alkanoic acids, α, ω-di-n-alkanoic acids, branched alkanoic acids, tricyclic terpanoic acids, hopanoic acids, gammacerane carboxylic acid , regular sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids. The n-alkyl chains and biomarkers bounded on the asphaltenes were of unsusceptibility to biodegradation. The distribution and absolute concentrations of n-alkanoic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields are different from those of Well TD2. The biomarkers bounded on the asphaltenes, especially steranes, have a distribution trend similar to that of the counterparts in saturates. The sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields, dominated by C-{30} sterane and C-{31} 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids, respectively, are significantly different from those of the heavy oils of Well TD2, whose dominating sterane and 4|methylsterane carboxylic acids are C-{28} sterane and C-{29} 4-methylsterane acids, respectively. The RICO products of the asphaltenes further indicate that the Middle-Upper Ordovician may be the main source rocks for heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields.

关键词：钌-离子催化氧化沥青重油塔里木盆地油源作用

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Quality evaluation of glutenite reservoirs of intergranular-secondary dissolution pore type using a quantitative method

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 126-133页

作者： Juanjuan Guo Yu Huang Yanjun Wang Jianguo Pan Linjun Huang Northwest Branch Institute Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&DevelopmentPetroChinaLanzhouGansu730020China

Glutenite(coarse-grained clastic)reservoirs of intergranularesecondary dissolution pore type are dominated by residual intergranular pores and secondary dissolution pores,and characterized by low porosity,low permeability,strong heterogeneity,and highly variable physical *** is difficult to conduct a quantitative quality assessment of these reservoirs while their primary control factors remain *** this paper,experimental core data and drilling,logging and seismic data are used to assess the effect of sedimentary facies on reservoir *** sedimentary facies zones are identified by analyzing the characteristics of glutenite reservoirs,which includes investigating rock components and their effects on reservoir *** matrix content and rigid particle content are identified as the primary control factors for these *** curves sensitive to reservoir quality are selected and examined to continuously characterize the physical parameters of the *** establishes a calculation model of reservoir assessment parameters through multivariate regression and determines the quantitative assessment parameter *** quality of the glutenite reservoirs is defined using conventional logging *** study also predicts the plane distribution of high-quality reservoirs through geostatistical inversion of the reservoir assessment parameters based on conventional wave impedance inversion,thus providing insight and guidance for quantitative assessment and quality prediction of glutenite reservoirs of the intergranular-secondary dissolution pore *** application of this method to well deployment based on qualitative evaluation of the glutenite reservoirs in oilfields yielded favorable results.

关键词： Glutenite Reservoir quality Reservoir assessment parameter Geostatistical simulation and inversion Mahu Sag Junggar basin

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Lactobacillus acidophilus FCQHC4L1 strengthens the intestinal mucus barrier and inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yuli Qi Leilei Yu Fengwei Tian Wei Chen Xiaoming Liu Qixiao Zhai State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University National Engineering research Center for Functional Food， Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University

Mucin 2 (MUC2) is a critical component of the intestinal mucus barrier. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains can improve mucosal homeostasis. In this study， we determined the expression of Muc2 induced by dead bacteria and cell-free conditioned medium (CM) of 50 LAB strains in the human goblet cell line， LS174T. Dead bacteria or CM of LAB affected the Muc2 expression in a species- and strain-specific manner under homeostasis. Next， LAB strains with different regulatory abilities were selected， gavaged into mice， and exposed to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) after 1 week. Different LAB strains inhibited intestinal injury to different degrees， with Lactobacillus acidophilus FCQHC4L1 exerting the most potent effect. FCQHC4L1 significantly decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors， promoted the expression and secretion of mucin， and inhibited colitis development. This strain also regulated the gut microbiota and increased the secretion of butyric acid. Moreover， CM of FCQHC4L1 inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ameliorated the abnormal expression of MUC2 by suppressing the activation of the GRP78/ATF6 and GRP78/IRE1/XBP1 signaling pathways. Our results highlight the potential of FCQHC4L1 as a therapeutic agent for strengthening the mucus barrier and improving the gut health.

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Analysis on Change Characteristics of PCD and PCP in Beijiang River Basin

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Meteorological and Environmental research 2018年第6期9卷 1-4页

作者： Liu Zhanming research Center for Ecological Civilization Construction and sustainable development in Xijiang & Beijiang River Basin of Guangdong Province Foshan University

Based on the daily precipitation data between 1965 and 2009 from 18 rainfall stations in Guangdong Beijiang River basin and the definitions of Precipitation Concentration Degree(PCD) and Precipitation Concentration Period(PCP),the inhomogeneous distribution characteristics of interannual precipitation were analyzed by introducing the spatial distribution of annual mean values,variable coefficients,correlation coefficients between annual precipitation,change trends and composite analysis. The results showed that(1) PCD mainly decreased from south to north in spatial distribution; PCP was earlier in most of north-central basin,but relatively later in southern basin.(2) Annual precipitation would increase if PCD decreased in most of river basin,and annual precipitation would decrease as PCP lagged in southern basin,but the change trend was the opposite in northern basin.(3) PCD and PCP mainly showed insignificant upward trend in the entire basin by Mann-Kendall test.

关键词： Precipitation concentration degree Precipitation concentration period Beijiang River basin Inverse distance weighted interpolation

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Probability Distribution Characteristics of Extreme Rainfall in Beijiang River Basin

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Meteorological and Environmental research 2018年第3期9卷 10-13,17页

作者： Liu Zhanming Wei Xinghu research Center for Ecological Civilization Construction and sustainable development in Xijiang & Beijiang River Basin of Guangdong Province Foshan University

7 kinds of probability distribution functions were used to fit extreme rainfall indexes R1d（ the maximum 1-d rainfall in the year） and R5d（ the maximum continuous 5-d rainfall in the year） at 18 observation stations of Beijiang River basin,and linear moment method was used to estimate parameters. According to fitting goodness test,the best probability distribution function was determined. On this basis,spatial analysis of design values of R1d and R5d with 50-a and 100-a reappearance periods was conducted. Via further selection,GH Copula was taken as connection function,and R1d-R5d joint probability distribution in the basin was studied. The results showed that R1d or R5d probability with 50-a and 100-a reappearance periods was larger in Wengyuan and Qingyuan,while R1d and R5d co-occurrence probability with 50-a and 100-a reappearance periods was larger in central north region.

关键词： Extreme rainfall index Copula function Beijiang River basin

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Use of incipient motion data for backward erosion piping models

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International Journal of Sediment research 2019年第5期34卷 401-408页

作者： Vera M.van Beek Bryant A.Robbins Gijs J.C.M.Hoffmans Adam Bezuijen Leo C.van Rijn Deltares U.S.Army Engineer research and development Center Ghent University Leovanrijn-Sediment-Consultancy

Backward erosion piping involves the gradual removal of granular material under the action of water flow from the foundation of a dam or levee, whereby shallow pipes are formed that grow in the direction opposite to the flow. This pipe-forming process can ultimately lead to failure of a water-retaining structure and is considered one of the most important failure mechanisms for dikes and levees in the Netherlands and the United States. Modeling of this mechanism requires the assessment of hydraulic conditions in the pipe, which are controlled by the particle equilibrium at the pipe wall. Since the pipe’s dimensions are controlled by the inflow to the pipe from the porous medium, the flow through the pipe is thought to be laminar for fine-to medium-grained sands. The literature provides data for incipient motion in laminar flow, which is reviewed here and complemented with data from backward erosion experiments. The experiments illustrate the applicability of the laminar incipient motion data to determine the erosion pipe dimensions and corresponding pipe hydraulics for fine-to medium-grained sands, for the purpose of backward erosion piping modeling.

关键词： Internal erosion Backward erosion piping Cylindrical test Incipient motion Dikes Levees

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Controlling factors of Dengying Formation reservoirs in the central Sichuan paleo-uplift

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Petroleum research 2017年第1期2卷 54-63页

作者： Bing Luo Yaoming Yang Wenjun Luo Long Wen Wenzhi Wang Kang Chen research Institute of Exploration and development PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanySichuan 610041China

Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics revealed that the Dengying Formation reservoir in the central Sichuan paleo-uplift belonged to the compound genetic reservoir of the mound-shoal facies and *** of the reservoir was controlled by the mound-shoal facies,and dissolution-enlarged or added pores(vugs)due to superimposed karstification modification were favorable reservoir *** karst of the Dengying Formation in Tongwan stage was the stratabound-weathered crust karst of the early diagenesis stage,the extensive superimposition of mound-shoal facies and regional karstification in the central Sichuan paleo-uplift area was the key to develop the large-scale continuous Dengying Formation *** to differences in the development degree of mound-shoal facies and in the intensity of karst modification,the reservoir development degree varied in different zones in the paleouplift *** NS-extending zone on the western side of the Gaoshiti-Moxi area was the sweet spot for reservoir *** identification of mound-shoal facies and fine depiction of karst landform was the key for reservoir prediction of the Dengying Formation to discovery the superimposed area of the mound-shoal facies and the karst monadnock-karst steep slope which similar to Moxi-Gaoshiti area.

关键词： Dengying Formation Karst The mound-shoal facies Reservoir Sweet spot The central Sichuan paleo-uplift Sichuan Basin

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