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Parental and social Factors’Contribution to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes with Urban-Rural Disparities—Four Provinces,China,2011–2020

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China CDC weekly 2023年第16期5卷 353-357页

作者： Ning Zhang Jianli Ye Xiaoping Pan Jilei Wu National center for Women and Children’s health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Institute of population research/China center on population health and development Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?The prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes(APOs)exhibits a disparity between urban and rural areas,which is commonly associated with various factors,such as demographic and socio-environmental factors.However,the specific contribution of each factor has not yet been elucidated.What is added by this report?This study demonstrates that the primary factors contributing to urban-rural differences in the prevalence of APOs are population structure,parental age,parity,and regional development.What are the implications for public health practice?Future prevention and control measures should be directed toward considering population structure and regional differences.Accurate interventions will enhance the efficiency of public health services.

关键词： prevention pregnancy Rural

Trends of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in a High Prevalence Region of Birth Defects——Shanxi Province,China,2007-2019

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China CDC weekly 2021年第31期3卷 661-664页

作者： Shiqi Lin Yuan Zhang Jiajia Li Jilei Wu Lijun Pei Institute of population research/China center on population health and development Peking UniversityBeijingChina National research Institute for health and Family Planning BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Shanxi Province in northern China has been identified as a region with the highest prevalence of birth defects nationwide.With large amounts of financial support devoted for prevention and related interventions for birth defects,huge progress has been made as a 60% decrease in its prevalence was observed from 2009 to 2014.

关键词： nationwide devoted prevention

Measuring the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mortality:Review and Prospect--China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2022年第23期4卷 499-503页

作者： Jinlong Lin Guogui Huang Yue Wei Lijun Pei Institute of population research China Center on Population Health and DevelopmentPeking UniversityBeijingChina Macquarie Business School Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

Current progress in measuring the effect of the pandemic on mortality is limited.Few studies have comprehensively and systematically elucidated the mechanism through which the pandemic affects mortality and what indicators are valid to capture such an effect.This paper presents a comprehensive analysis regarding the multifaceted effects of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)on mortality and its measurements[i.e.,confirmed deaths per million people(CDPMP),case fatality rate(CFR),infection fatality risk(IFR),excess mortality P-score(EMPS),and life expectancy(LE)].It was revealed that both data collection efforts and measurements on mortality due to COVID-19 were far from perfect and discussed the importance of accurate,prompt,and accessible data by any government over the course of fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic.It is believed that the biggest challenge in measuring the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality lies not in the construction of indicators at the academic level,but in the collection of data at the practical level.Thus,it is suggested to take measures to better monitor the development of the pandemic and mitigate the increasing burdens borne by the public health systems by improving the tracking system of mortality,standardizing the diagnosis of COVID-19’s deaths,and disclosing mortality data.

关键词： diagnosis prompt fighting

Maternal Perfluorinated Compound Exposure and Risk of Early Pregnancy Loss: A Nested Case-control Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第2期35卷 174-179页

作者： MI Xin LIN Shi Qi ZHANG Xiao Fen LI Jia Jia PEI Li Jun JIN Feng LIAO Qi XIE Li Min WEI Li Cong HAO Chan Juan ZHANG Ya Wei LI Wei Shunyi Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital Beijing 101300China Institute of population research/China center on population health and development Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Early pregnancy loss,defined as a nonviable intrauterine pregnancy occurring before 12 weeks of gestation,is estimated to affect 25%of clinically diagnosed pregnancies[1].Several demographic,lifestyle,and environmental risk factors have been reported to associate with the risk of early pregnancy loss,yet the causes of most early pregnancy losses remain elusive;thus,further studies are needed.Perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)are a class of widespread environmental pollutants that can adversely affect human reproductive health.Humans are inevitably exposed to PFCs through diet,water,air and dust.A wealth of epidemiological and toxicological research using a variety of animal models has warned of the persistence,bioaccumulation,and toxicity of PFCs[2].

关键词： pregnancy viable Early

Factors associated with recommendation behaviors of four non-National Immunization Program vaccines:a cross-sectional survey among public health workers in China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第5期12卷 58-68页

作者： Yun Lyu Xiaozhen Lai Yidi Ma Hai Fang Department of health Policy and Management School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina health Economics research Centre Nufeld Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK China center for health development Studies Peking UniversityBeijingChina Peking University health Science center-Chinese center for Disease Control and Prevention Joint research center for Vaccine Economics Peking UniversityBeijingChina Institute for Global health and development Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Background Immunization is a crucial preventive measure to safeguard children under five years old against a range of diseases.In China,the coverage rate of non-National Immunization Program(non-NIP)vaccines can be improved by leveraging the recommendation from public health workers.Hence,understanding the influencing factors of recommendation behaviors assume paramount importance.This study aims to investigate influencing factors of public health workers’recommendation behaviors towards non-NIP vaccines,with a particular emphasis on financial incentives.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multi-stage sampling method in 2019 from August to October.627 public health workers were recruited from 148 community healthcare centers in ten provincial-level administrative divisions in China.An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect demographic information,attitudes towards vaccination,and recommendation behaviors towards non-NIP vaccines,includingHaemophilus influenzae type b(Hib)vaccine,pneumococcal conjugate vaccine,varicella vaccine,and rotavirus vaccine.Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted in this study.Results Of the 610 public health workers with complete survey data,53.8%,57.4%,84.1%,and 54.1%often recommended Hib vaccine,pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine(PCV),varicella vaccine,and rotavirus vaccine,respectively.Logistic regression revealed that gender(Hib vaccine:OR=0.4,95%CI:0.2-0.8;PCV:OR=0.4,95%CI:0.2-0.8;rotavirus vaccine:OR=0.3,95%CI:0.2-0.6),financial incentives for non-NIP vaccination(Hib vaccine:OR=1.9,95%CI:1.1-3.6;PCV:OR=2.1,95%CI:1.1-3.9;rotavirus vaccine:OR=2.0,95%CI:1.1-3.8)and perception of vaccine safety(Hib vaccine:OR=2.7,95%CI:1.1-7.0;PCV:OR=3.2,95%CI:1.2-8.0;rotavirus vaccine:OR=3.0,95%CI:1.2-7.7)were associated with public health workers’recommendation towards Hib vaccine,PCV and rotavirus vaccine.Conclusions The findings highlighted public health workers’recommendation behaviors of non-NIP vaccines in China and revealed strong asso

关键词： National Immunization Program Vaccination Public health workers Cross-sectional survey Recommendation China

Analysis of unintended pregnancy and influencing factors among married women in China

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China population and development Studies 2023年第1期7卷 15-36页

作者： Hui Wang Yanhui Zou Hongyan Liu Xueqian Chen social Medicine and Management of Public health Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina population research Department China Population and Development Research CenterBeijingChina Peking University BeijingChina Chinese Academy of social Sciences BeijingChina China population and development research center BeijingChina Department of Sociology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Unintended pregnancy often ends with induced abortion,an outcome that affects a woman’s physical and mental health and consumes social resources.A national fertility survey conducted by the former National health and Family Planning Com-mission in 2017,gathered data on pregnancies among married women aged 15-49 to analyze the changing circumstances of such pregnancies and the factors that influ-ence their occurrence.The analysis found that the incidence of unintended pregnan-cies among married women in China was 42.4‰in 2017,and that such pregnancies accounted for 22.9%of all pregnancies in China for the years 2010-2017.Of all abortions,91.9%were used to terminate unintended pregnancies,and of unintended pregnancies,67.1%ended with induced abortions.The incidence of unintended pregnancy and that of induced abortion to terminate the unintended pregnancy were higher among women living in an urban rather than a rural area,having previously given birth to a boy,having a large number of children,being at the older end of their childbearing years,or having a shorter interpregnancy interval.Only 37.3%of women chose long-term contraceptive methods after an induced abortion caused by an unintended pregnancy;their sense of self-protection was not strong.It is neces-sary to strengthen education and advocacy,enhance women’s awareness of the pro-tection contraceptives offer,and improve the quality of and access to contraceptive services to reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy,and reduce the incidence of induced abortion to terminate unintended pregnancy.

关键词： Unintended pregnancy Induced abortion Influenced factor Married women

Building a Chronic Diseases Prevention and Rehabilitation System Throughout the Life Span to Proactively Respond to the Challenges of Accelerated population Aging

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China CDC weekly 2022年第39期4卷 863-865页

作者： Erdan Dong Xiaoying Zheng Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Research Center of Population Health and Social Development University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesBeijingChina School of population Medicine and Public health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina APEC health Science Academy Peking UniversityBeijingChina

population aging has emerged as one of the most pressing global demographic issues.Rapid population aging is being caused by a sharp drop in fertility rates over time,as well as a significant increase in life expectancy in the past decades.The World health Organization(WHO)estimates that the proportion of those aged 60 years and older in the world’s population will almost double from approximately 12%in 2015 to 22%in 2050,with an absolute increase of 900 million to a total of 2 billion older adults(1).At the same time,the burden of global disease has changed greatly and the main diseases affecting human health have switched from acute and chronic infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases(NCDs)(2).Such changing demographics and disease spectrum will profoundly affect all aspects of human society.

关键词： population demographic fertility

Induced abortion among unmarried women in China

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China population and development Studies 2022年第1期6卷 78-94页

作者： Mengjun Tang China population and development research center BeijingChina

This study uses a literature review to probe the prevalence and trends of induced abortions among unmarried women since the 1980s.Premarital pregnancy has become more and more common,and this has pushed the premarital abortion rate still higher.With the premarital abortion rate remaining markedly high in China,the percentage of women who have experienced premarital abortions has risen stead-ily with the passage of time.Not only has the prevalence of premarital abortions increased in China on the whole,but there is evidence that some young women have had multiple abortions.Premarital abortion is more prevalent in urban areas and among migrants and less-educated women.The huge number of premarital abor-tions not only signifies a palpable,unmet need for contraceptives,but also repre-sents an immense number of unrealized births.In the years to come,it is imperative to strengthen research into premarital abortions,to optimize the approaches to data collection and analysis,and to improve reproductive health services for unmarried women.

关键词： Induced abortion Unmarried China Reproductive health

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity of the Thai population: Evidence from Thailand’s Surveillance on Physical Activity 2020

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2021年第3期10卷 341-348页

作者： Piyawat Katewongsa Dyah Anantalia Widyastari Pairoj Saonuam Narumol Haemathulin Narakorn Wongsingha Institute for population and social research Mahidol UniversitySalayaPhutthamonthonNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand Thailand Physical Activity Knowledge development Centre(TPAK) Institute for Population and Social ResearchMahidol UniversitySalayaPhutthamonthonNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand healthy Lifestyle Promotion Section Thai Health Promotion FoundationBangkok 10120Thailand

Background:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has undoubtedly disrupted the physical activity(PA)of the Thai population.This study examined the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)of Thai adults and assessed the effects of the national curfew policy and health-promotion campaigns on influencing PA during the pandemic.Methods:Thailand’s Surveillance on Physical Activity(SPA)2019 and 2020 datasets were employed to compare the PA level of Thai adults aged 1864 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Samples of 4460 respondents from SPA 2019 and 4482 respondents from SPA 2020 were included in the analysis.Global Physical Activity Questionnaires(Version 2.0),were used to measure PA in both periods.Sufficient MVPA for adults was defined based on the recommendation of 75 min of vigorous PA or a combination of 150 min of MVPA per week.Results:The proportion of Thai adults who had sufficient MVPA declined from 74.6%before the pandemic to 54.7%during the pandemic,and that decline was accompanied by a reduction in the cumulative minutes of MVPA from 580 min to 420 min.During the COVID-19 pandemic,male and middle-aged individuals were 1.3 times and 1.2 times more likely to have sufficient MVPA,respectively.Those who were unemployed,resided in an urban area,and/or had chronic disease(s)were 27%,13%,and 27%less likely to meet the recommended level of PA during the pandemic,respectively.Those who were exposed to the Fit from Home campaign were 1.5 times more likely to have sufficient MVPA.Conclusion:The pandemic measures imposed by the government have reduced the cumulative min of work-related PA,transportation PA,and recreational PA and have slowed Thailand’s progress toward its PA goals.Although the Fit from Home campaign has probably contributed to a slight increase in MVPA,it will take some time for Thais to return to the pre-COVID-19 level of PA.health promotion messages need to be continuously delivered to reduce irrational fear of infection and to boost the PA level of the T

关键词： COVID-19 pandemic Physical activity Thailand