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Inhibition of protein degradation increases the Bt protein concentration in Bt cotton

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1897-1909页

作者： Yuting Liu Hanjia Li Yuan Chen Tambel Leila.I.M Zhenyu Liu Shujuan Wu Siqi Sun Xiang Zhang Dehua Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation center for modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Agricultural research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 13314Sudan

Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)cotton production is challenged by two main problems,i.e.,the low concentration of Bt protein at the boll setting stage and the lowest insect resistance in bolls among all the cotton plant’s ***,increasing the Bt protein concentration at the boll stage,especially in bolls,has become the main goal for increasing insect resistance in *** this study,two protein degradation inhibitors(ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid(EDTA)and leupeptin)were sprayed on the bolls,subtending leaves,and whole cotton plants at the peak flowering stage of two Bt cultivars(medium maturation Sikang 1(SK1))and early maturation Zhongmian 425(ZM425)in 2019 and *** Bt protein content and protein degradation metabolism were *** results showed that the Bt protein concentrations were enhanced by 21.3 to 38.8%and 25.0 to 38.6%in the treated bolls of SK1 and ZM425 respectively,while they were decreased in the subtending leaves of these treated *** the treated leaves,the Bt protein concentrations increased by 7.6 to 23.5%and 11.2 to 14.9%in SK1 and ZM425,*** combined application of EDTA and leupeptin to the whole cotton plant increased the Bt protein concentrations in both bolls and subtending *** Bt protein concentrations in bolls were higher,increasing by 22.5 to 31.0%and 19.6 to 32.5%for SK1 and ZM425,*** organs treated with EDTA or/and leupeptin showed reduced free amino acid contents,protease and peptidase activities and significant enhancements in soluble protein *** results indicated that inhibiting protein degradation could improve the protein content,thus increasing the Bt protein concentrations in the bolls or/and leaves of cotton ***,the increase in the Bt protein concentration without yield reduction suggested that these two protein degradation inhibitors may be applicable for improving insect resistance in cotton production.

关键词： Bt cotton Bt protein inhibition of protein degradation protein degradation metabolism

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A wide-linear-range and low-hysteresis resistive strain sensor made of double-threaded conductive yarn for human movement detection

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 202-212页

作者： Fei Huang Jiyong Hu Xiong Yan Shanghai Frontier Science research center for modern Textiles Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Yarn-based flexible strain sensors with advantages in wearability and integrability have attracted wide ***,it is still a big challenge to achieve yarn-based strain sensors with a wide linear strain range,low hysteresis,and durability synchronously that can be used for full range detection of human body ***,a new structure,double-threaded conductive yarn with rhythmic strain distribu-tion,is reported to markedly widen the linear strain range of microcrack-based stretchable strain sensors.A new method of winding and thermally adhering hot-melt filaments on the surface of the elastic fiber is used to achieve double-threaded yarn(DTY)with rhythmic strain *** proposed strategy,the integration of heterogeneous materials,is reported to significantly reduce the mechanical hysteresis of composite *** strain distribution of the DTY during stretching causes multi-level micro-cracks in different regions of the carbon nanotube(CNT)conductive layer deposited on the surface of the ***,the sensing performance of DTY-based strain sensor can be adjusted by designing the structural *** final prepared flexible strain sensor has the advantages of a wide linear strain range(100%),great sensitivity(GF=12.43),low hysteresis,rapid response(158 ms),high repeatability(>2000 cycles at 50%strain),and hydrophobicity,*** sensor can monitor human motion repeatedly and stably well,and shows great advantages in flexible wearable devices.

关键词： Double-threaded yarn Strain redistribution Hysteresis Human motion monitoring

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Absolute partial and total ionization cross sections of carbon monoxide with electron collision from 350 eV to 8000 eV

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 459-464页

作者： Taj Wali Khan 黄伟哲王恩亮单旭陈向军 Hefei National research center of Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The absolute partial and total cross sections for electron impact ionization of carbon monoxide are reported for electron energies from 350 eV to 8000 *** product ions(CO^(+),C^(+),O^(+),CO^(2+),C^(2+),and O^(2+))are measured by employing an ion imaging mass spectrometer and two ion-pair dissociation channels(C^(+)+O^(+)and C^(2+)+O^(+))are *** absolute cross sections for producing individual ions and their total,as well as for the ion-pair dissociation channels are obtained by normalizing the data of CO^(+)to that of Ar^(+)from CO-Ar mixture target with a fixed 1:1 *** overall errors are evaluated by considering various kinds of uncertainties.A comprehensive comparison is made with the available data,which shows a good agreement with each other over the energy ranges that are *** work presents new cross-section data with electron energies above 1000 eV.

关键词： electron impact ionization cross sections carbon monoxide ion imaging mass spectrometer

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3D nano-printed geometric phase metasurfaces for generating accelerating beams with complex amplitude manipulation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 86-95页

作者： Tianchen Tang Saima Kanwal Yongzheng Lu Yuelong Li Shuangbao Wu Lei Chen Ziheng Qian Zhouyu Xie Jing Wen Dawei Zhang research center of Optical Instrument and System Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical SystemUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Metasurface,a forefront in emerging optical devices,has demonstrated remarkable potential for complex amplitude manipulation of light ***,prevailing approaches face challenges in spatial resolution and complexities associated with integrating dynamic phases,impeding the simplified design and reproducible fabrication of ***,we introduce an innovative approach for complex amplitude modulation within 3D nano-printed geometric phase *** approach enables the generation of self-accelerating beams by encoding amplitude through phase-only manipulation,achieving high spatial ***,this method circumvents the conventional need to adjust the geometric parameters of metasurface unit structures for amplitude manipulation,offering a streamlined and efficient route for design and fabrication *** novel methodology holds promise for expedited and low-cost manufacturing of complex amplitude manipulation metasurfaces.

关键词： metasurface complex amplitude manipulation geometric phase 3D nano-printing Airy beam accelerating parabolic beam

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Molecular characterization and structure basis of a malonyltransferase with both substrate promiscuity and catalytic regiospecificity from Cistanche tubulosa

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2333-2348页

作者： Xiao Liu Yuyu Liu Xiping Xu Wenqian Huang Yaru Yan Yingxia Wang Weisheng Tian Ting Mo Xiaoxue Cui Jun Li She-Po Shi Pengfei Tu modern research center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing Research Institute of Chinese MedicineBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China modern research center for Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

Enzymatic malonylation of natural glycosides provides a promising alternative method for drug-like malonylated glycosides ***,the catalytic potential and structural basis of plant malonyltransferase are far from being fully *** work identified a new malonyltransferase CtMaT1 from Cistanche *** displayed unprecedented mono-and/or di-malonylation activity toward diverse glucosides with different aglycons.A“one-pot”system by CtMaT1 and a malonyl-CoA synthetase was established to biosynthesize nine new malonylated *** investigations revealed that CtMaT1 possesses an adequately spacious acyl-acceptor pocket capable of accommodating diverse ***,it recognizes malonyl-CoA through strong electrotactic and hydrogen ***/MM calculation revealed the H167-mediated SN2 reaction mechanism of CtMaT1,while dynamic simulations detected the formation of stable hydrogen bonds between the glucose-6-OH group and H167,resulting in its high malonylation *** energy profiles of two isomeric glycosides highlighted lower reaction energy barriers towards glucoside substrates,emphasizing CtMaT1's preference for ***,a mutant CtMaT1H36A with notably increased di-malonylation activity was *** underlying molecular mechanism was illuminated through MM/GBSA binding free energy *** study significantly advances the understanding of plant acyltransferases from both functional and protein structural perspectives,while also providing a versatile tool for enzymatic malonylation applications in pharmacology.

关键词： Plant acyltransferase Malonyltransferase Malonylated glycosides Enzymatic catalysis Enzyme promiscuity

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Intersection theory rules symbology

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 93-104页

作者： Jiaqi Chen Bo Feng Lilin Yang Beijing Computational Science research center Beijing 100084China Zhejiang Institute of modern Physics School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Peng Huanwu center for Fundamental Theory Hefei 230026China

We propose a novel method to determine the structure of symbols for any family of polylogarithmic Feynman *** the d log-bases and simple formulas for the leading order and next-to-leading contributions to the intersection numbers,we give a streamlined procedure to compute the entries in the coefficient matrices of canonical differential equations,including the symbol letters and the rational *** also provide a selection rule to decide whether a given matrix element must be *** symbol letters are deeply related to the poles of the integrands and also have interesting connections to the geometry of Newton *** method can be applied to many cutting-edge multi-loop *** simplicity of our results also hints at the possible underlying structure in perturbative quantum field theories.

关键词： scattering amplitude Feynman integral symbology

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A review on surface coating strategies for anti-hygroscopic of high energy oxidizer ammonium dinitramide

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 237-269页

作者： Hongyu Yang Fuyao Chen Yiwen Hu Qiangqiang Lu Lei Xiao Yinglei Wang Fengqi Zhao Wei Jiang Gazi Hao National Special Superfine Powder Engineering research center of China School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Xi’an modern Chemistry research Institute Xi’an 710065China

Ammonium dinitramide(ADN),which has the advantages of high energy density,no halogen and low characteristic signal,is not only considered as a new high-energy oxidizer that is expected to replace the traditional oxidizer ammonium perchlorate(AP)in solid propellants,but also a good performance explosive in ***,due to the strong hygroscopicity of ADN,its application in solid propellants and explosives is greatly *** the hygroscopicity of ADN is the key to realize the wide application of *** this paper,we systematically review the research progress of anti-hygroscopic strategies of ADN *** surface coating methods are focusing on solvent volatilization,solvent-non-solvent,melt crystallization and atomic layer deposition *** characteristics of the different methods are compared and analyzed,and the basis for the classification and selection of the coating materials are introduced in *** addition,the feasibility of material for surface coating of ADN is evaluated by several compatibility analysis *** is highly expected that the liquid phase method(solvent volatilization method,solvent-non-solvent method)would be the promising method for future ADN coating because of its effective,safety and facile ***,polymer materials,are the preferred coating materials due to their high viscosity,easy adhesion,good anti-hygroscopic effect,and heat resistance,which make ADN weak hygroscopicity,less sensitive,easier to preserve and good compatibility.

关键词： Ammonium dinitramide(ADN) Energetic materials Anti-hygroscopic Surface coating Compatibility analysis

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On-Chip Sub-Picometer Continuous Wavelength Fiber-Bragg-Grating Interrogator

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 73-84页

作者： Yuan ZHUANG Jun ZOU Jiqiang ZHANG Lu ZHANG Jiahe ZHANG Leixin MENG Qing YANG research center for Humanoid Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation center Hangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ *** ultra-compact high-precision on-chip interrogator is proposed based on a tailored arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)*** on-chip interrogator enables continuous wavelength interrogation from 1544 nm to 1568 nm with the wavelength accuracy of less than 1 pm[the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 0.73 pm]over the whole wavelength *** chip loss is less than 5 *** 1×16 AWG is optimized to achieve a large bandwidth and a low noise level at each channel,and the FBG reflection peaks can be detected by multiple output channels of the *** fabricated AWG is utilized to interrogate FBG sensors through the center of gravity(CoG)*** validation of an on-chip FBG interrogator that works with sub-picometer wavelength accuracy in a broad wavelength range shows large potential for applications in miniaturized fiber optic sensing systems.

关键词： Fiber optic sensing on-chip interrogator arrayed waveguide grating center of gravity

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A sustainable process to 100%bio-based nylons integrated chemical and biological conversion of lignocellulose

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第2期9卷 390-402页

作者： Ruijia Hu Ming Li Tao Shen Xin Wang Zhuohua Sun Xinning Bao Kequan Chen Kai Guo Lei Ji Hanjie Ying Pingkai Ouyang Chenjie Zhu College of biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina National Engineering research center for biotechnology Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina

Considerable progress has been made in recent years to the development of sustainable polymers from bio-based *** this study,100%bio-based nylons were prepared via an integrated chemical and biological process from *** novel nylons were obtained by the melt polymerization of 3-propyladipic acid derived from lignin and 1,5-pentenediamine/1,4-butanediamine derived from carbohydrate *** to the concept is a three-step noble metal free catalytic chemical funnelling sequence(Raney Ni mediated reductive catalytic fractionation-reductive funnelling-oxidative funnelling),which allowed for obtaining a single component 3-propyladipic acid from lignin with high *** structural and thermodynamic properties of the obtained nylons have been systematically investigated,and thus obtained transparent bio-based nylons exhibited higher Mw(>32,000)and excellent thermal stability(Td5%>265℃).Considering their moderate Tg and good melt strength,these transparent bio-based nylons could serve as promising functional additives or temperature-responsive materials.

关键词： Lignocellulose Lignin Reductive catalytic fractionation Bio-based nylon

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Silicon photonic spectrometer with multiple customized wavelength bands

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Photonics research 2024年第5期12卷 1016-1023页

作者： LONG ZHANG XIAOLIN YI DAJIAN LIU SHIHAN HONG GAOPENG WANG HENGZHEN CAO YAOCHENG SHI DAOXIN DAI State Key Laboratory for modern Optical Instrumentation Center for Optical&Electromagnetic ResearchCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityZjingang CampusHangzhou 310058China Intelligent Optics and Photonics research center Jiaxing Research InstituteZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China Ningbo research Institute Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315100China

A silicon photonic spectrometer with multiple customized wavelength bands is developed by introducing multiple channels of wideband optical filters based on multimode waveguide gratings(MWGs)for pre-filtering and the corresponding thermally tunable narrowband filter for high *** these multiple customized wavelength bands,the central wavelengths,bandwidths,and resolutions are designed flexibly as desired,so that the system is simplified and the footprint is minimized for several practical applications(e.g.,gas sensing).A customized silicon photonic spectrometer is designed and demonstrated experimentally with four wavelength bands centered around1310 nm,1560 nm,1570 nm,and 1930 nm,which is,to the best of our knowledge,the first on-chip spectrometer available for sensing multiple gas components like HF,CO,H_(2)S,and CO_(2).The spectral resolutions of the four wavelength bands are 0.11 nm,0.08 nm,0.08 nm,and 0.37 nm,*** a customized silicon photonic spectrometer shows great potential for various applications,including gas monitors,wearable biosensors,and portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

关键词： waveguide bands multiple

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