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Thorium anomaly on the lunar surface and its indicative meaning

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 507-519页

作者： Jingyi Zhang Jianzhong Liu center for Lunar and Planetary Science Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The Moon has been divided into three terranes:Procellarum KREEP Terrane(PKT),Feldspathic Highland Terrane(FHT),and South Pole-Aitken Terrane(SPAT),using globally measured Th and *** lunar evolu-tion models have predicted that a lunar magma ocean will produce a residual layer enriched in incompatible elements such as K,REE,and P(i.e.,KREEP)in the late age of crys-tallization;and that the distribution of thorium can be used as a proxy for determining the global distribution of *** thorium distribution in these three terranes is *** highest concentration of thorium is in PKT,the medium concentration of thorium is in SPAT,and almost none in *** what is the specific distribution in each of the terrane and what enlightenment can it tell us?Here we present and describe the detailed thorium distribution in PKT,SPAT,and FHT and provide some information for the origin of asymmetries on the lunar surface.

关键词： Procellarum KREEP Terrane(PKT) Feldspathic Highland Terrane(FHT) South Pole-Aitken Terrane(SPAT) KREEP Thorium abundance

Critical state-induced emergence of superior magnetic performances in an iron-based amorphous soft magnetic composite

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Materials Futures 2024年第2期3卷 149-160页

作者： Liliang Shao Rongsheng Bai Yanxue Wu Jing Zhou Xing Tong Hailong Peng Tao Liang Zongzhen Li Qiaoshi Zeng Bo Zhang Haibo Ke Weihua Wang Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808People’s Republic of China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 100096People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced research Shanghai 201203People’s Republic of China Jiangsu JITRI Advanced Energy Materials research Institute Co. LtdChangzhou 213000People’s Republic of China

Soft magnetic composites(SMCs)play a pivotal role in the development of high-frequency,miniaturization and complex forming of modern ***,they usually suffer from a trade-off between high magnetization and good magnetic softness(high permeability and low core loss).In this work,utilizing the order modulation strategy,a critical state in a FeSiBCCr amorphous soft magnetic composite(ASMC),consisting of massive crystal-like orders(CLOs,∼1 nm in size)with the feature ofα-Fe,is *** critical-state structure endows the amorphous powder with the enhanced ferromagnetic exchange interactions and the optimized magnetic domains with uniform orientation and fewer micro-vortex *** comprehensive soft magnetic properties at high frequency emerge in the ASMC,such as a high saturation magnetization(Ms)of 170 emu g^(-1)and effective permeability(µ_(e))of 65 combined with a core loss(Pcv)as low as 70 mW cm^(-3)(0.01 T,1 MHz).This study provides a new strategy for the development of high-frequency ASMCs,possessing suitable comprehensive soft magnetic performance to match the requirements of the modern magnetic devices used in the third-generation semiconductors and new energy fields.

关键词： amorphous soft magnetic composites critical state soft magnetic property rotating magnetic field annealing magnetic domain

Formation and growth of nanophase iron particles on the surface of Mercury revealed by experimental study

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 774-784页

作者： Ronghua Pang Yang Li Chen Li Pengfei Zhang Zhuang Guo Sizhe Zhao Han Yu Li Wang Chenxi Zhu Shuangyu Wang Kairui Tai Qinwei Zhang Yuanyun Wen Rui Li center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyangChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfi ne Microstructures Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina research center for Planetary Science College of Earth ScienceChengdu University of TechnologyChengduChina Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina

Space weathering is a primary factor in altering the composition and spectral characteristics of surface materials on airless ***,current research on space weathering focuses mainly on the Moon and certain types of *** particular,the impacts of meteoroids and micrometeoroids,radiation from solar wind/solar flares/cosmic rays,and thermal fatigue due to temperature variations are being *** weathering produces various transformation products such as melted glass,amorphous layers,iron particles,vesicles,and solar wind *** in turn lead to soil maturation,changes in visible and near-infrared reflectance spectra(weakening of characteristic absorption peaks,decreased reflectance,increased near-infrared slope),and alterations in magnetism(related to small iron particles),collectively termed the“lunar model”of space weathering *** to the Moon and asteroids,Mercury has unique spatial environmental characteristics,including more intense meteoroid impacts and solar thermal radiation,as well as a weaker particle radiation environment due to the global distribution of its magnetic ***,the lunar model of space weathering may not apply to *** studies have extensively explored the eff ects of micrometeoroid ***,this work focuses on the eff ects of solar-wind particle radiation in global magnetic-field distribution and on the weathering transformation of surface materials on Mercury under prolonged intense solar *** the utilization of highvalence state,heavy ion implantation,and vacuum heating simulation experiments,this paper primarily investigates the weathering transformation characteristics of the major mineral components such as anorthite,pyroxene,and olivine on Mercury’s surface and compares them to the weathering transformation model of the *** experimental results indicate that ion implantation at room temperature is insufficient to generate np-Fe^(0)directly but

关键词： Mercury Space weathering Np-Fe^(0) Solar thermal radiation Solar wind

Study of the response of 10B-doped MCP to wide-energy range neutrons from eV to MeV

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 132-141页

作者： Qiang Li Li‑Jiao Wang Xiang‑Biao Qiu Jing‑Wen Li Wei Xu Tao Li Ze‑Bin Lin Chang‑Jun Ning Yong‑Hao Chen Rui‑Rui Fan Kang Sun Jing‑Yu Tang Rong Zhang Han‑Tao Jing Bo Mei Qi An Hao‑Fan Bai Jiang‑Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi‑Ping Chen Zhen Chen Zeng‑Qi Cui An‑Chuan Fan Chang‑Qing Feng Fan‑Zhen Feng Ke‑Qing Gao Min‑Hao Gu Chang‑Cai Han Zi‑Jie Han Guo‑Zhu He Yong‑Cheng He Yang Hong Yi‑Wei Hu Han‑Xiong Huang Wei‑Hua Jia Hao‑Yu Jiang Wei Jiang Zhi‑Jie Jiang Zheng‑Yao Jin Ling Kang Bo Li Chao Li Gong Li Jia‑Wen Li Xiao Li Yang Li Jie Liu Rong Liu Shu‑Bin Liu Guang‑Yuan Luan Bin‑Bin Qi Jie Ren Zhi‑Zhou Ren Xi‑Chao Ruan Zhao‑Hui Song Zhi‑Xin Tan Sheng‑Da Tang Peng‑Cheng Wang Zhao‑Hui Wang Zhong‑Wei Wen Xiao‑Guang Wu Xuan Wu Li‑Kun Xie Yi‑Wei Yang Han Yi Yong‑Ji Yu Guo‑Hui Zhang Lin‑Hao Zhang Mo‑Han Zhang Qi‑Wei Zhang Xian‑Peng Zhang Yu‑Liang Zhang Yue Zhang Zhi‑Yong Zhang Mao‑Yuan Zhao Lu‑Ping Zhou Zhi‑Hao Zhou Ke‑Jun Zhu Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science center Dongguan 523803China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Songshan Lake Future School Dongguan 523808China North Night vision Science&Technology(Nanjing)research Institute Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211106China Sino‑French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China USTC Archaeometry Lab University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Neutron-sensitive microchannel plates(nMCPs)have applications in neutron detection,including energy spectrum measurements,neutron-induced cross sections,and neutron imaging.10B-doped MCPs(B-MCPs)have attracted significant attention owing to their potential for exhibiting a high neutron detection efficiency over a large neutron energy *** spatial and temporal resolutions are useful for neutron energy-resolved ***,their practical applications still face many technical *** this study,a B-MCP with 10 mol%10B was tested for its response to wide-energy neutrons from eV to MeV at the Back-n white neutron source at the China Spallation Neutron *** neutron detection efficiency was calibrated at 1 eV,which is approximately 300 times that of an ordinary MCP and indicates the success of 10 B *** factors that caused the reduction in the detection efficiency were simulated and *** neutron energy spectrum obtained using B-MCP was compared with that obtained by other measurement methods,and showed very good consistency for neutron energies below tens of *** response is more complicated at higher neutron energy,at which point the elastic and nonelastic reactions of all nuclides of B-MCP gradually become *** is beneficial for the detection of neutrons,as it compensates for the detection efficiency of B-MCP for high-energy neutrons.

关键词： Neutron radiation image 10B-doped MCP Neutron response Wide-energy range neutrons

Panoptic UAV:Panoptic Segmentation of UAV Images for Marine Environment Monitoring

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 1001-1014页

作者： Yuling Dou Fengqin Yao Xiandong Wang Liang Qu Long Chen Zhiwei Xu Laihui Ding Leon Bevan Bullock Guoqiang Zhong Shengke Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China North China Sea Environmental Monitoring center State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao266000China Department of Informatics University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK research and Development Department Shandong Willand Intelligent Technology Co.Ltd.Qingdao266102China

UAV marine monitoring plays an essential role in marine environmental protection because of its flexibility and convenience,low cost and convenient *** marine environmental monitoring,the similarity between objects such as oil spill and sea surface,Spartina alterniflora and algae is high,and the effect of the general segmentation algorithm is poor,which brings new challenges to the segmentation of UAV marine *** segmentation can do object detection and semantic segmentation at the same time,which can well solve the polymorphism problem of objects in UAV ocean ***,there are few studies on UAV marine image recognition with panoptic *** addition,there are no publicly available panoptic segmentation datasets for UAV *** this work,we collect and annotate UAV images to form a panoptic segmentation UAV dataset named UAV-OUC-SEG and propose a panoptic segmentation method named ***,to deal with the large intraclass variability in scale,deformable convolution and CBAM attention mechanism are employed in the backbone to obtain more accurate ***,due to the complexity and diversity of marine images,boundary masks by the Laplacian operator equation from the ground truth are merged into feature maps to improve boundary segmentation *** demonstrate the advantages of PanopticUAV beyond the most other advanced approaches on the UAV-OUC-SEG dataset.

关键词： Panoptic segmentation UAV marine monitoring attention mechanism boundary mask enhancement

The application of protease in aquaculture: Prospects for enhancing the aquafeed industry

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 105-121页

作者： Shiyou Chen Sahya Maulu Jie Wang Xiaoze Xie Xiaofang Liang Hao Wang Junjun Wang Min Xue National Aquafeed Safety Assessment center Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China School of Biological and Marine Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Plymouth Plymouth PL4 8AA United Kingdom Centre for Innovative Approach Zambia (CIAZ) Lusaka 119825 Zambia

Low-fishmeal and protein-saving diets are two prominent nutritional strategies utilized to address challenges related to the scarcity and sustainability of protein sources in aquaculture. However, these diets have been associated with adverse effects on the growth performance, feed utilization, and disease resistance of aquatic animals. To mitigate these challenges, exogenous protease has been applied to enhance the quality of diets with lower protein contents or fishmeal alternatives, thereby improving the bioavailability of nutritional ingredients. Additionally, protease preparations were also used to enzymatically hydrolyze fishmeal alternatives, thus enhancing their nutritional utilization. The present review aims to consolidate recent research progress on the use of protease in aquaculture and conclude the benefits and limitations of its application, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the subject and identifying opportunities for future research.

关键词： Protease Low-fishmeal diet Protein-saving diets Exogenous digestive enzyme Aquafeed

Distributed Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Optimization with Stochastic Sub-Gradient

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1470-1487页

作者： HU Haokun MO Lipo CAO Xianbing School of Mathematics and Statistics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China research Centre for Agri-Product Quality Traceability Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation center Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

This paper studies the optimization problem of heterogeneous networks under a timevarying *** agent only accesses to one local objective function,which is *** improved algorithm with noisy measurement of local objective functions' sub-gradients and additive noises among information exchanging between each pair of agents is designed to minimize the sum of objective functions of all *** weaken the effect of these noises,two step sizes are introduced in the control *** graph theory,stochastic analysis and martingale convergence theory,it is proved that if the sub-gradients are uniformly bounded,the sequence of digraphs is balanced and the union graph of all digraphs is joint strongly connected,then the designed control protocol can force all agents to find the global optimal point almost *** last,the authors give some numerical examples to verify the effectiveness of the stochastic sub-gradient algorithms.

关键词： Communication noises distributed stochastic optimization heterogeneous networks subgradient measurement noises

Astrocyte syncytium:from neonatal genesis to aging degeneration

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第2期19卷 395-396页

作者： Min Zhou Shiying Zhong Alexei Verkhratsky Department of Neuroscience Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Achücarro Basque center for Neuroscience IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNEDLeioaSpain

Modern neuroscience began from all reaching and fierce conflict between“neuronismo and reticulismo”——between neuronal and reticular theories of the organization of the nervous system;the conflict culminated in December of 1906 in Stockholm where Santiago Ramon y Cajal(the proponent of the neuronal doctrine)and Camillo Golgi(who advocated the syncytial reticular organization of neural networks)delivered their Noble prize lectures(Verkhratsky,2009).

关键词： degeneration neonatal aging

Genetic and pathogenic characterization of new infectious bronchitis virus strains in the GVI-1 and GI-19 lineages isolated in central China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2407-2420页

作者： Yuhan Yang Dou Wang Yaning Bai Wenyan Huang Shimin Gao Xingchen Wu Ying Wang Jianle Ren Jinxin He Lin Jin Mingming Hu Zhiwei Wang Zhongbing Wang Haili Ma Junping Li Libin Liang College of Veterinary Medicine Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong 030801China Shanxi Provincial Animal Disease Prevention and Control center Taiyuan 030000China

Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry *** present,many commercial IBV vaccines have been used for the prevention and control of IB;however,IB outbreaks occur *** this study,two new strains of IBV,SX/2106 and SX/2204,were isolated from two flocks which were immunized with IBV H120 vaccine in central *** and recombination analysis indicated that SX/2106,which was clustered into the GI-19 lineage,may be derived from recombination events of the GI-19 and GI-7 strains and the LDT3-A *** analysis showed that SX/2204 belongs to the GVI-1 lineage,which may have originated from the recombination of the GI-13 and GVI-1 strains and the H120 *** virus cross-neutralization test showed that the antigenicity of SX/2106 and SX/2204 was different from *** experiments found that both SX/2106 and SX/2204 could replicate effectively in the lungs and kidneys of chickens and cause disease and death,and H120 immunization could not provide effective protection against the two IBV *** is noteworthy that the pathogenicity of SX/2204 has significantly increased compared to the GVI-1 strains isolated previously,with a mortality rate up to 60%.Considering the continuous mutation and recombination of the IBV genome to produce new variant strains,it is important to continuously monitor epidemic strains and develop new vaccines for the prevention and control of IBV epidemics.

关键词： infectious bronchitis virus GI-19 lineage GVI-1 lineage complete genome recombination pathogenicity