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An empirical approach to predict regional organic carbon in deep soils

Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第3期66卷 583-593页

作者： Jingjing WANG Xiaorong WEI Xiaoxu JIA Mingbin HUANG Zhipeng LIU Yufei YAO Ming’an SHAO State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of soil and water conservation Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of SciencesYangling 712100China CAS center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Urban and environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China

Deep soil organic carbon(SOC)plays an important role in carbon *** predicting deep SOC at the regional scale is crucial for the accurate assessment of carbon sequestration potential in soils but has been challenging for a ***,we developed a depth distribution function-based empirical approach to predict SOC in deep soils at the regional *** validated this approach with a dataset from four regions of the world and examined the application of this approach in China’s Loess *** found that among the reported depth distribution functions describing vertical patterns of SOC,the negative exponential function performed best in fitting SOC along the soil profile in various ***,the parameters(i.e.,Ceand k)of the negative exponential function were linearly correlated to surface SOC(0–20 cm)and the changing rates of SOC within the topsoil(0–40 cm).Based on the above relationships,the empirical equations for predicting the negative exponential parameters are *** validation results from site-specific and regional dataset showed that combining the negative exponential function and such empirical equations can precisely predict SOC concentration in soils down to 500 cm *** study provides a simple,rapid and accurate method for predicting deep soil SOC at the regional scale,which could simplify the assessment of deep soil SOC in various regions.

关键词： Deep SOC Empirical approach Negative exponential function Depth distribution Spatial pattern

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Irrigation-induced pollution of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in paddy field ecosystem of Liaohe River Plain,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第15期58卷 1751-1759页

作者： TENG Man ZHANG HaiJun FU Qiang LU XianBo CHEN JiPing WEI FuSheng research center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences State environmental protection Key Laboratory for Quality Control of environmental Monitoring China National Environmental Monitoring Center Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In order to assess the influence of long-term irrigation of polluted river water on the ecological health of the rice fields in the low reach of Liaohe River Plain,a series of environmental samples and biological samples in rice fields,including sediments,paddy soils,mitten-handed crabs(Eriocheir sinensis),loaches(Misgurnus anguillicaudatu) and frog(Hoplobatrachus tigerinus),were collected from the area far away from industrial zones,and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides(HCH,DDT,HCB and Mirex) were analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC/HRMS).The comparison of pollutant concentrations and profiles verified that the significant contribution of river water irrigation to PCBs contaminations in paddy soils and the mutual influence of organochlorine pesticide contamination between river sediments and paddy *** of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in mitten-handed crabs and loaches were site-specific,suggested that they were both the good indicators of ecosystem ***-handed crabs had the highest capacity to accumulate PCBs and organochlorine pesticides,and also they had the strong ability to degrade these pollutants in their bodies,especially for DDT and *** biota-soil accumulation factors(BSAF) of ΣH CH,ΣDDT,Mirex,HCB and ΣP CBs in mitten-handed crab were calculated to be 24.5,15.3,122.2,28.1 and 54.6,*** view of the strong bioaccumulation ability,the health risk should be concerned for the cultivation of mitten-handed crabs in paddy fields in the low reach of Liaohe River Plain.

关键词：有机氯农药污染稻田生态系统多氯联苯辽河平原苯污染灌溉中华绒螯蟹河流沉积物

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Effects of cotton straw amendment on soil fertility and microbial communities

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 336-349页

作者： Wuren HUANG Zhihui BAI Daniel HOEFEL Qing HU Xin LV Guoqiang ZHUANG Shengjun XU Hongyan QI Hongxun ZHANG research center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute for Environment and Plant protection Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture SciencesDanzhou 571737China Australian water Quality Centre South Australian Water CorporationAdelaide SA 5000Australia School of Earth and environmental Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5000Australia

Maintaining soil fertility, while controlling pollution from excessive chemical fertilizer application is important for keeping soil productivity of sustainable agriculture. Variety of straws have been used and proven to be good soil amendments for increasing soil organic matter （OM） and a range of additional soil nutrients. However, little is known about the utilization of cotton straw for soil amendment. To better understand the mechanism behind cotton straw soil amendments, investigations were performed upon cucumber seedlings, where changes to soil nutrients and microbial communities were investigated. The results revealed that the cotton straw application promoted the cucumber seedling growth by significantly increasing the soil OM, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. The concentration of cotton straw was positively correlated to both the number of the culturable microorganisms and also the total microbial biomass within soil. Furthermore, assessment of cotton straw application using Biolog metabolic profiling and phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed that such application increased the microbial community metabolic activity, and markedly changed the structure of microbial community. 16S rRNA gene clone library construction and phylogenetic analysis of soil bacteria revealed 7- Proteobacteria sequences dominated the cotton straw amendment soil, comprising 27.8% of the total number of analyzed sequences, while they were less represented in control soil （13.4%）. On the contrary, the Sphingobacteria （7.8%） and Verrucomicrobia （2.4%） in the cotton straw amendment soil decreased after application when compared to the control soil 15.2% and 15.2%.

关键词： cotton straw soil amendments microbialdiversity Biolog phospholipid fatty acid 16S rRNA geneclone library

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Highly-active,metal-free,carbon-based ORR cathode for efficient organics removal and electricity generation in a PFC system

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第7期32卷 2212-2216页

作者： Qingyi Zeng Sheng Chang Mingqi Wang Mi Li Qin wen Deng Zhu Xiong Baoxue Zhou Yanbiao Liu School of Resources&Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Institute of environmental research at Greater Bay Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River DeltaMinistry of EducationGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering center of Ministry of environmental protection College of Environmental Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

A highly-active,metal-free,carbon-based oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)cathode,i.e.,graphitized Ndoped carbon felt(GNCF),was prepared,for the first time,by in-situ modifying the doping species of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based carbon felt(CF)via a facile annealing process in Ar *** was applied for dramatically enhanced organics degradation and electricity generation in a photocatalytic fuel cell(PFC)*** GNCF showed enhanced specific surface area,improved graphitization and raised ratio of graphitic N,therefore resulting in excellently improved ORR performance compared to the *** applying the GNCF as a cathode in a PFC system,the proposed PFC showed significant improvement in degrading various model organic contaminants and outputing electricity simultaneously when compared with the PFC with *** instance,the apparent rate constant and electricity output efficiency showed~10.6 times and~7.2 times,respectively,improvement when using rhodamine B as model *** improved performance was also achieved by aeration of air or O^(2) due to the fu rther enhanced *** proposed PFC was also efficient in a wide pH,and kept outsta nding stability in long-term utilization.

关键词： Photocatalytic fuel cell Oxygen reduction reaction Electricity Graphitization N-doping

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soil organic matter amendments in date palm groves of the Middle Eastern and North African region:a mini-review

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第1期8卷 77-92页

作者： Rawan MLIH Roland BOL Wulf AMELUNG Nadhem BRAHIM Institute of Bio-Geoscience Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3) Juelich Research Center Institute of Crop Science and Resource conservation (INRES)/soil Science and soil Ecology University of Bonn Faculty of Sciences of Tunis Department of Geology University of Tunis El Manar

Countries in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region are among the most water-scarce regions in the world, and their dryland soils are usually poor in organic carbon content (environmental challenges by sustainably managing economically important date production. On the basis of the limited studies found in the existing literature, this mini-review focuses on the role of traditional soil organic matter amendments beneath the soil surface as a key tool in land restoration. We conclude that soil organic matter amendments can be very successful in restoring soil water and preventing the soil from salinization.

关键词： review Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) drylands organic matter amendments oasis agrosystem date palm production

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Forest soil conservation based on eco-service provision unit method and its value in Anji County,Huzhou,Zhejiang,China

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Journal of Forestry research 2015年第2期26卷 405-415页

作者： Biao Zhang Ji-xi Gao Gao-di Xie Chun-xia Lu Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Science Nanjing Institute of environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental Protection

We propose an eco-service provision unit method for estimating the benefit and spatial differences of forests in controlling soil erosion.A total of 197 eco-service provision units were grouped on 1424.43 km2 of forest according to differences in vegetation,slope,soil,and *** amount of soil conservation and its economic value were *** forests in Anji County prevent4.08 9 105 tons of soil from eroding annually,thereby avoiding 1.36 9 104 tons of nutrient loss（on-site cost） and preventing 149 tons of nutritive elements from entering water systems（off-site cost）.From an economic perspective,the soil nutrient conservation in the forests of Anji County generated an annual benefit of 43.37 million RMB（Chinese Currency,6.20 RMB = US$1）.On average,each hectare of ecological forest contributed up to 436 RMB annually because of soil *** complexes with higher rainfall intensity,such as broadleaf forest and red soil on slope gradients [25°,contributed the highest soil conservation *** study identified and quantified the dominant contributors and magnitudes of soil conservation provided by *** information can benefit decision making regarding differentiated ecological compensation policies.

关键词： soil erosion and conservation Eco-service provision unit(ESPU) Rainfall erosivity soil erodibility Universal soil Loss Equation(USLE)

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Effects of disinfection efficiency on microbial communities and corrosion processes in drinking water distribution systems simulated with actual running conditions

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 273-282页

作者： Ying Zhu Lu Chen Hong Xiao Fei Shen Shihuai Deng Shirong Zhang Jinsong He Chun Song Xie Wang Jianhua Zhang Li Gong Chun Hu Institute of Ecological and environmental Sciences Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China Rural Environment protection Engineering&Technology center of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China College of environmental Sciences Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China soil and Fertilizer research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduSichuan 610066China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment of Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengduSichuan 610066China College of Forestry Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China Key Laboratory for water Quality and conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of EducationInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater BayGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China

The effects of disinfection efficiency on microbial communities and the corrosion of cast iron pipes in drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs) were *** annular reactors(ARs) that simulated actual running conditions with UV/Cl2 disinfection and chlorination alone were *** chlorine consumption and corrosion rate were found in the AR with UV/*** to functional genes and pyrosequencing tests, a high percentage of iron recycling bacteria was detected within the biofilm of the AR with Cl2 at early running stage, whereas siderophore-producing bacteria were dominant in the biofilm of the AR with UV/*** the early running stage, the sequential use of UV light and an initial high chlorine dosage suppressed the biomass and iron-recycling bacteria in both bulk water and biofilms, thereby forming less protective scales against further corrosion, which enhanced chlorine ***-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the bacterial communities in the ARs shaped from within rather than being imported by *** results indicate that the initial high disinfection efficiency within the distribution system had not contributed to the accumulation of iron-recycling bacteria at the early running *** study offer certain implications for controlling corrosion and water quality in DWDSs.

关键词： Disinfection efficiency Biofilm Iron-recycling bacteria Corrosion Drinking water distribution systems

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Numerical Investigation of Residence Time Distribution for the Characterization of Groundwater Flow System in Three Dimensions

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1583-1600页

作者： Jiale Wang Menggui Jin Baojie Jia Fengxin Kang Department of soil and water conservation Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan430010China School of environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan430078China research center on Mountain Torrent and Geologic Disaster Prevention of MWR Wuhan430010China Wuhan Changjiang Science&Technology Development Co.Ltd. Wuhan430019China Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Jinan250013China

How to identify the nested structure of a three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical groundwater flow system is always a difficult problem puzzling hydrogeologists due to the multiple scales and complexity of the 3D flow *** main objective of this study was to develop a quantitative method to partition the nested groundwater flow system into different hierarchies in three dimensions.A 3D numerical model with topography derived from the real geomatic data in Jinan,China was implemented to simulate groundwater flow and residence time at the regional scale while the recharge rate,anisotropic permeability and hydrothermal effect being set as climatic and hydrogeological variables in the *** simulated groundwater residence time distribution showed a favorable consistency with the spatial distribution of flow *** probability density function of residence time with discontinuous segments indicated the discrete nature of time domain between different flow hierarchies,and it was used to partition the hierarchical flow system into shallow/intermediate/deep flow *** changes in the groundwater flow system can be quantitatively depicted by the climatic and hydrogeological *** study provides new insights and an efficient way to analyze groundwater circulation and evolution in three dimensions from the perspective of time domain.

关键词： groundwater flow residence time distribution 3D large-scale basin numerical modeling hydrology

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Ecological restoration of small water courses,experiences from Germany and from projects in Beijing

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International soil and water conservation research 2015年第2期3卷 141-153页

作者： Walter Binder Albert Göttle Duan Shuhuai Lierstrasse 16 D80639 MunichGermany Technical University Faculty of CivilGeo and Environmental Engineering80333 MunichGermany Beijing soil and water conservation Centre of Beijing water Authority 100036 BeijingChina

From 2009 until 2012 the project“watershed Management of Forest Land in Beijing,Restoration of Small water Bodies(SWBR)”was implemented,combining Close to Nature Forest Management and Restoration of Small water *** targets were to improve flood control,to enhance the ecological conditions by copying nature and to support the recreational value of small water bodies,all in cooperation with people living *** efficiency of each project was proofed by comparison of biological and hydro-morphological assessment before the projects started and 2-3 years after they were *** results confirmed the ecological improvements of the restored river sections and showed the *** to assess the biological and hydro-morphological status of rivers were developed and there are plans to introduce them as Beijing *** and implementation of measures,based on experiences in Central Europe,will be documented in a handbook.&2015 International research and Training center on Erosion and Sedimentation and China water and Power *** and Hosting by Elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： River restoration-rehabilitation Natural-modified rivers European water Framework Directive Reference status Biological and hydro-morphological assessment methods Planning-implementation process

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Evaluation of alternative surface runoff accounting procedures using SWAT model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 54-68页

作者： Haw Yen Michael J.White Jaehak Jeong Mazdak Arabi Jeffrey G.Arnold Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort Coll insColorado 80523USA Blackland research&Extension center Texas A&M Agrilife ResearchTempleTexas 76502USA Grassland Soil&Water Research LaboratoryUSDA-ARSTempleTexas 76502USA

For surface runoff estimation in the soil and water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the curve number(CN)procedure is commonly adopted to calculate surface runoff by dynamically updating CN values based on antecedent soil moisture condition(SCSI)in *** SWAT2005 and onward,an alternative approach has become available to apply the CN method by relating the runoff potential to daily evapotranspiration(SCSII).While improved runoff prediction with SCSII has been reported in several case studies,few investigations have been made on its influence to water quality output or on the model uncertainty associated with the SCSII *** objectives of the research were:(1)to quantify the improvements in hydrologic and water quality predictions obtained through different surface runoff estimation techniques;and(2)to examine how model uncertainty is affected by combining different surface runoff estimation techniques within SWAT using Bayesian model averaging(BMA).Applications of BMA provide an alternative approach to investigate the nature of structural uncertainty associated with both CN *** showed that SCSII and BMA associated approaches exhibit improved performance in both discharge and total NO3 predictions compared to *** addition,the application of BMA has a positive effect on finding well performed solutions in the multi-dimensional parameter space,but the predictive uncertainty is not evidently reduced or ***,we recommend additional future SWAT calibration/validation research with an emphasis on the impact of SCSII on the prediction of other pollutants.

关键词： soil and water Assessment Tool(SWAT),curve number method,Bayesian model averaging,uncertainty analysis hydrology,water quality

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