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Record-breaking bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst accomplished by a data-driven approach for zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 144-145页

作者： Deviprasath Chinnadurai Zhi Wei Seh institute of Materials research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR)

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs) have recently drawn great attention in energy research due to their high theoretical capacity,low costs, and inherently safe nature [1–3]. However, the sluggish cathode reactions necessitate the development of bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts with lower ΔE indicator values. The ΔE indicator is commonly employed to quantitatively evaluate the electrocatalytic activity of a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst,representing the overall overpotential from oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) to oxygen evolution reaction(OER).

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Therapeutic potential of exercise-hormone irisin in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1555-1564页

作者： Eunhee Kim Rudolph ETanzi Se Hoon Choi Genetics and Aging research Unit MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA McCance Center for Brain Health Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA

Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease exercise fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) irisin

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Tackling the microlensing wave effects of strong lensing gravitational waves with TAAH

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 257-258页

作者： Zuhui Fan South-Western institute for Astronomy research Yunnan University

The rapid development of gravitational wave（GW） observations since their first detection in 2015 [1] has opened a completely new window for exploring the Universe. Consequently, astronomical research has entered the multimessenger era, allowing us to use different tracers to view the cosmos from various perspectives. Among others, the appealing application of gravitational wave events from compact binary mergers is that they can act as standard sirens to determine absolute cosmic distances entirely independent of standard candles. This approach is one of the most promising means to solve the current H0tension problem.

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metabolic reprogramming: a new option for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1042-1057页

作者： Jiangjie Chen Jinyang Chen Chao Yu Kaishun Xia Biao Yang Ronghao Wang Yi Li Kesi Shi Yuang Zhang Haibin Xu Xuesong Zhang Jingkai Wang Qixin Chen Chengzhen Liang Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Orthopedics research institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Motor System disease research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Clinical research Center of Motor System disease of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Qiandongnan Prefecture People’s Hospital KailiGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Fourth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Spinal cord injuries impose a notably economic burden on society,mainly because of the severe after-effects they *** the ongoing development of various therapies for spinal cord injuries,their effectiveness remains ***,a deeper understanding of metabolism has opened up a new therapeutic opportunity in the form of metabolic *** this review,we explore the metabolic changes that occur during spinal cord injuries,their consequences,and the therapeutic tools available for metabolic *** spinal cord metabolism is characterized by independent cellular metabolism and intercellular metabolic ***,spinal cord injury results in metabolic disorders that include disturbances in glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,and mitochondrial *** metabolic disturbances lead to corresponding pathological changes,including the failure of axonal regeneration,the accumulation of scarring,and the activation of *** rescue spinal cord injury at the metabolic level,potential metabolic reprogramming approaches have emerged,including replenishing metabolic substrates,reconstituting metabolic couplings,and targeting mitochondrial therapies to alter cell *** available evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming holds great promise as a next-generation approach for the treatment of spinal cord *** further advance the metabolic treatment of the spinal cord injury,future efforts should focus on a deeper understanding of neurometabolism,the development of more advanced metabolomics technologies,and the design of highly effective metabolic interventions.

关键词： axons glycolysis metabolic reprogramming metabolism mitochondria neural regeneration neuroprotection oxidative phosphorylation spinal cord injury therapy

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Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第1期20卷 6-20页

作者： Xiu-Yun Zhao De-En Xu Ming-Lei Wu Ji-Chuan Liu Zi-Ling Shi Quan-Hong Ma Department of Neurology and Clinical research Center of Neurological disease the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina institute of Neuroscience&Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Jiangnan University Medical CenterWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

The endoplasmic reticulum,a key cellular organelle,regulates a wide variety of cellular *** reticulum autophagy,one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum,plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover,remodeling,and *** this review,we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system,and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular *** also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative *** summary,this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve *** review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： autophagy endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum autophagy endoplasmic reticulum quality control system endoplasmic reticulum receptors endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation neurodegeneration neurodegenerative disease selective autophagy unfolded protein response

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Boosting bidirectional sulfur conversion enabled by introducing boron-doped atoms and phosphorus vacancies in Ni2P for lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 760-769页

作者： Lin Peng Yu Bai Hang Li Meixiu Qu Zhenhua Wang Kening Sun Advanced research institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Source and Green Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology

Lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish redox ***,we supply a strategy to optimize the electron structure of Ni2P by concurrently introducing B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P （Vp-B-Ni2P）,thereby enhancing the bidirectional sulfur *** study indicates that the simultaneous introduction of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P causes the redistribution of electron around Ni atoms,bringing about the upward shift of d-band center of Ni atoms and effective d-p orbital hybridization between Ni atoms and sulfur species,thus strengthening the chemical anchoring for lithium polysulfides （LiPSs） as well as expediting the bidirectional conversion kinetics of sulfur ***,theoretical calculations reveal that the incorporation of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P selectively promotes Li2S dissolution and nucleation ***,the Li-S batteries with Vp-B-Ni2P-separators present outstanding rate ability of 777 m A h g-1at 5 C and high areal capacity of 8.03 mA h cm-2under E/S of 5μL mg-1and sulfur loading of 7.20 mg *** work elucidates that introducing heteroatom and vacancy in metal phosphide collaboratively regulates the electron structure to accelerate bidirectional sulfur conversion.

关键词： Lithium sulfur batteries

Dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes:a 16-year prospective cohort study

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Lu Gan Yi Yang Bin Zhao Kai Yu Kehua Guo Fang Fang Zhiguang Zhou Demetrius Albanes Jiaqi Huang Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University CSU-Sinocare Research Center for Nutrition and Metabolic Health Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityFurong Laboratory Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute NIH Department of Health and Human Services School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institute National Clinical research Center for metabolic diseases Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Despite considerable research underscoring the importance of carbohydrate intake in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2D), a comprehensive assessment of this relationship is currently lacking. We aimed to examine the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with the risk of T2D, to evaluate potential effect modification by other factors, including genetic susceptibility,and to explore the potential mediators for such associations. The present study included 161,872 participants of the UK Biobank who were free of prevalent cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes, and had at least one validated 24-h dietary recall assessment. Multivariableadjusted age-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to estimate hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) for the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with risk of T2D. During a median follow-up of13.6 years, 4,176 incident cases of T2D were identified. In the multivariable-adjusted models, a greater intake of fiber, carbohydrates from whole grains, and carbohydrates from non-starchy vegetables was significantly associated with a lower risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95% CI]=0.70 [0.62–0.79], 0.74 [0.67–0.82], and 0.83 [0.75–0.92], respectively, all P for trend <0.005). In contrast, a higher intake of starch and carbohydrate from starchy vegetables was associated with an increased risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95%CI]=1.31 [1.16–1.48] and 1.19 [1.09–1.31], respectively, both P for trend <0.005). Replacing one serving of refined grains or starchy vegetables with an equal amount of whole grains or non-starchy vegetables was associated with 4% to 10% lower risk of T2D(all P values <0.001).The observed associations were generally similar across population subgroups, including individuals with different genetic susceptibility to T2D. Mediation analyses of the inverse association between T

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ImSpiRE: image feature-aided spatial resolution enhancement method

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 272-283页

作者： Yuwei Hua Yizhi Zhang Zhenming Guo Shan Bian Yong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular diseases and Medical Innovation Center Institute for Regenerative MedicineDepartment of NeurosurgeryShanghai East HospitalShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University

The resolution of most spatially resolved transcriptomic technologies usually cannot attain the single-cell level, limiting their applications in biological discoveries. Here, we introduce ImSpiRE, an image feature-aided spatial resolution enhancement method for in situ capturing spatial transcriptome. Taking the information stored in histological images, ImSpiRE solves an optimal transport problem to redistribute the expression profiles of spots to construct new transcriptional profiles with enhanced resolution, together with extending the gene expression profiles into unmeasured regions. Applications to multiple datasets confirm that ImSpiRE can enhance spatial resolution to the subspot level while contributing to the discovery of tissue domains, signaling communication patterns, and spatiotemporal characterization.

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High-energy-density lithium manganese iron phosphate for lithium-ion batteries: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 1-17页

作者： Bokun Zhang Xiaoyun Wang Shuai Wang Yan Li Libo Chen Handong Jiao Zhijing Yu Jiguo Tu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing research institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

The soaring demand for smart portable electronics and electric vehicles is propelling the advancements in high-energy–density lithium-ion *** manganese iron phosphate (LiMnxFe1-xPO4) has garnered significant attention as a promising positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its advantages of low cost,high safety,long cycle life,high voltage,good high-temperature performance,and high energy *** LiMnxFe1-xPO4has made significant breakthroughs in the past few decades,there are still facing great challenges in poor electronic conductivity and Li-ion diffusion,manganese dissolution affecting battery cycling performance,as well as low tap *** review systematically summarizes the reaction mechanisms,various synthesis methods,and electrochemical properties of LiMnxFe1-xPO4to analyze reaction processes accurately and guide material ***,the main challenges currently faced are concluded,and the corresponding various modification strategies are discussed to enhance the reaction kinetics and electrochemical performance of LiMnxFe1-xPO4,including multi-scale particle regulation,heteroatom doping,surface coating,as well as microscopic morphology ***,in view of the current research challenges faced by intrinsic reaction processes,kinetics,and energy storage applications,the promising research directions are *** importantly,it is expected to provide key insights into the development of high-performance and stable LiMnxFe1-xPO4materials,to achieve practical energy storage requirements.

关键词： Semiconductor doping