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Big Earth Data 2021年第4期5卷 443-444页

作者： Huadong Guo Heide Hackmann Ke Gong International research center of Big Data for sustainable development Goals World Federation of Engineering Organizations

The rapid development of analytics and concepts in big data enables us to diversify our efforts and enhance opportunities to implement the sustainable development Goals(SDGs).Big data improves the extent to which scientific evidence and innova-tive technological solutions can be adopted to meet these ***,the tools and methods of big data are still somewhat of a novelty in this respect.

关键词： sustainable continued enable

Big data in support of the sustainable development Goals:a celebration of the establishment of the International research center of Big Data for sustainable development Goals(CBAS)

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Big Earth Data 2021年第3期5卷 259-262页

作者： Huadong Guo Heide Hackmann Ke Gong International research center of Big Data for SDGs International Science Council World Federation of Engineering Organizations

In the last century the impacts of human activity on natural processes that sustain the Earth’s biosphere,atmosphere,hydrosphere and lithosphere and that provide the bed-rock of human life support systems,have grown to the extent that they pose a credible existential threat to ***,the biggest challenge for science,technology and innovation(STI)is to contribute to the pursuit of global sustainability as exemplified in the sustainable development Goals(SDGs)that were adopted by the United Nations(UN)in 2015.

关键词： sustainable pursuit humanity

Optimizing electronic structure through point defect engineering for enhanced electrocatalytic energy conversion

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 109-131页

作者： Wei Ma Jiahao Yao Fang Xie Xinqi Wang Hao Wan Xiangjian Shen Lili Zhang Menggai Jiao Zhen Zhou Interdisciplinary research center for sustainable Energy Science and Engineering(IRC4SE2) School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityHenan450001China

Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic *** introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the electronic structure of active *** optimization influences the adsorption energy of intermediates,thereby mitigating reaction energy barriers,altering paths,enhancing selectivity,and ultimately improving the catalytic efficiency of *** elucidate the impact of defects on the electrocatalytic process,we comprehensively outline the roles of various point defects,their synthetic methodologies,and characterization ***,we consolidate insights into the relationship between point defects and catalytic activity for hydrogen/oxygen evolution and CO_(2)/O_(2)/N_(2) reduction reactions by integrating mechanisms from diverse *** underscores the pivotal role of point defects in enhancing catalytic *** last,the principal challenges and prospects associated with point defects in current electrocatalysts are proposed,emphasizing their role in advancing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials.

关键词： Point defect engineering Doping Vacancy Electrocatalysis Electronic structure

Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Molten Salt Electric Heater with Circularly Perforated Baffles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie ZHANG Cancan WU Yuting ZHANG Yi LU Yuanwei Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings(φ),i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/(Δp)^(1/3)was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29%to 17.18%over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

Reconstructing forest and grassland cover changes in China over the past millennium

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 94-110页

作者： Fanneng HE Fan YANG Yafei WANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Key research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and sustainable development Henan UniversityKaifeng475001China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Historical forest and grassland cover changes not only are critical indicators for quantifying ecological and environmental change processes but also serve as fundamental data for long-term climate change simulations and terrestrial ecosystem carbon emission ***,because of limitations in historical data,quantitative estimations and spatially gridded reconstructions of these changes remain challenging,necessitating further methodological *** study focused on China's present-day land area over the past millennium,objectively capturing the characteristics and drivers of forest and grassland cover *** this basis,using the forest transition theory and the space-for-time substitution method,we depicted the historical deforestation process as an inverted“S”curve and developed a model to reconstruct historical forest area changes based on the functional relationship between the forest area and population size ***,a gridded forest allocation model was established on the basis of deforestation *** the grassland cover,we implemented regionspecific methods,such as the cropland area deduction method and the habitat constraint method,to quantitatively reconstruct historical ***,we obtained provincial forest and grassland area changes over the past millennium and mapped 10-km-resolution gridded data of forest and grassland *** results indicated the following.(1)The methods developed using population data as a proxy objectively reproduced the spatiotemporal evolution of forest and grassland cover in China over the past *** feasible methods offer a novel pathway for the quantitative reconstruction of historical forest and grassland cover changes.(2)The data indicated that China's forest area generally decreased over the past millennium,characterized by a“decrease-then-increase”*** forest area experienced three distinct phases:a slow decline(AD 1000–1650),a rapid decline(AD 16

关键词： Land use and land cover change Forest Grassland Quantitative reconstruction Gridded reconstruction China historical period

Quercus acutissima exhibits more adaptable water uptake patterns in response to seasonal changes compared to Pinus massoniana

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 29-37页

作者： Suimeng Zhang Xiaodi Wang Zhaowang Huang YiTao Bao Jiang Jiang Ziqiang Liu Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and research Station China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing100038China Co-Innovation center for sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Background:Seasonal precipitation variability significantly affects water use in forests;however,whether water uptake is adapted to changes in precipitation,particularly whether it could affect the coexistence of tree species,has rarely been quantified in forest ***:In this study,dual stable isotopes and the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system were used to determine the water sources of a mixed conifer(Pinus massoniana)and broadleaf(Quercus acutissima)forest and changes in hydraulic characteristics during the dry and wet seasons in a southern hilly region of ***:Although the hydraulic characteristics of *** were lower than those of ***,it maintained a stable water source from the deep soil layer and a higher stomatal conductance(Gs),leading to a higher transpiration rate(Tr)during the growing *** mainly absorbed water from deeper soil layers in the dry season and took up from shallow soil layers in the wet *** Gs values exhibited sensitivity to precipitation,while it maintained a lower Tr value during the growing *** excessive water-use strategy observed in *** may confer weak drought-tolerance during higher frequency and more intense extreme precipitation events,whereas *** may exhibit better ecological adaption to precipitation ***:The overlap of water niches in mixed forests did not appear to affect the coexistence of tree *** present study provides insights into reforestation and water management in the southern hilly regions of China.

关键词： Water use Transpiration Stable isotope Hydraulic characteristics

Spatio-temporal evolution of complex agricultural land use and its drivers in a super-large irrigation district (Hetao) of the upper Yellow River Basin (2000–2021)

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第2期35卷 273-301页

作者： LI Xinyi SUN Chen XIAO Xue LI Zhengzhong MA Xin WANG Jun XU Xu Chinese-Israeli International center for research and Training in Agriculture College of Water Resources &Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Institute of Environment and sustainable development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shahaoqu Experimental Station Jiefangzha Department Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District Water Resources Development Center Water Resources research Institute of Inner Mongolia College of Economics & Management China Agricultural University

Accurate spatio-temporal land cover information in agricultural irrigation districts is crucial for effective agricultural management and crop production. Therefore, a spectralphenological-based land cover classification(SPLC) method combined with a fusion model(flexible spatiotemporal data fusion, FSDAF)(abbreviated as SPLC-F) was proposed to map multi-year land cover and crop type(LC-CT) distribution in agricultural irrigated areas with complex landscapes and cropping system, using time series optical images(Landsat and MODIS). The SPLC-F method was well validated and applied in a super-large irrigated area(Hetao) of the upper Yellow River Basin(YRB). Results showed that the SPLC-F method had a satisfactory performance in producing long-term LC-CT maps in Hetao, without the requirement of field sampling. Then, the spatio-temporal variation and the driving factors of the cropping systems were further analyzed with the aid of detailed household surveys and statistics. We clarified that irrigation and salinity conditions were the main factors that had impacts on crop spatial distribution in the upper YRB. Investment costs, market demand, and crop price are the main driving factors in determining the temporal variations in cropping distribution. Overall, this study provided essential multi-year LC-CT maps for sustainable management of agriculture, eco-environments, and food security in the upper YRB.

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Peptide-based strategies for overcoming multidrug-resistance in cancer therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 110-118页

作者： Xiaofang Luo Ye Wu Xiaokun Zhang Min Tang Feiye Ju Zuodong Qin Gregory J Duns Wei-Dong Zhang Jiang-Jiang Qin Xin Luan Hunan Engineering Technology research center for Comprehensive development and Utilization of Biomass Resources College of Chemistry and BioengineeringHunan University of Science and EngineeringYongzhou 425199China Shanghai Frontiers Science center of TCM Chemical Biology Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Hangzhou Institute of Medicine(HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022China State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100700China

Despite ongoing advancements in cancer treatment,the emergence of primary and acquired resistance poses a significant challenge for both traditional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade *** demand for targeted therapeutics for multidrug-resistant cancer is more important than ***,as emerging alternatives to current anticancer drugs,offer exquisite versatility in facilitating the design of novel oncology drugs,with the core superiorities of good biocompatibility and a low tendency to induce drug *** review comprehensively introduces the pharmacological mechanisms of peptide-based drugs and strategies for overcoming multidrug resistance(MDR)in cancers,including inducing cell membrane lysis,targeting organelles,activating anticancer immune responses,enhancing drug uptake,targeting ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters,and targeting B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)family ***,the current clinical applications of representative peptides in combating MDR cancers and their potential directions for medicinal chemistry research have been thoroughly *** review offers essential insights into the novel treatment approaches for MDR cancers and highlights the trends and perspectives in this field.

关键词： Drug resistance Antitumor peptides Mechanism of action Targeted therapeutics Immunotherapy Medicinal chemistry

2024 Annual Report of China Mineral Resources (copper, gold, coal, etc.)

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 235-236页

作者： Li-qiong Jia Xi-jie Chen Zi-guo Hao development and research center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China

In October 2024,the Ministry of Natural Resources of PRC released the 2024 China Mineral Resources Report,which focuses on new progress since 2023 in the geological and mineral survey and evaluation,mineral resource exploration and development,mine ecological restoration,green mine construction,new changes in mineral resource policies and regulations,new measures in mineral resource management,new situations in scientific and technological innovation,as well as the new achievements of the international geological and mineral cooperation.

关键词： gold copper resource

Nickel extraction from nickel laterites: Processes, resources, environment and cost

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 187-213页

作者： Zhen-fang Zhang Wei-bo Zhang Zhen-guo Zhang Xiu-fa Chen development research center of China Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010062China

With the development of the new energy industry and the depletion of nickel sulfide ore resources,laterite nickel ore has become the main source of primary nickel,and nickel for power batteries has become a new growth point in *** paper systematically summarizes the processes,parameters,products,recovery rates,environmental indicators,costs,advantages,disadvantages and the latest research progress of mainstream nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel *** also provides a comparative analysis of the environmental impact and economic efficiency of different nickel extraction *** is found that the current nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel ore globally for commercial production mainly include the RKEF process for producing ferronickel and the HPAL process for producing intermediate *** former accounts for about 80%of laterite nickel ore *** to each other,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity for the RKEF is about 43000$,with an operational cost of about 16000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 77%–90%.Its products are mainly used in stainless *** the HPAL process,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity is about 56000$,with an operational cost of about 15000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 83%–90%.Its products are mainly used in power *** significant differences between the two lies in energy consumption and carbon emissions,with the RKEF being 2.18 and 2.37 times that of the HPAL,*** the use of clean energy can greatly reduce the operational cost and environmental impact of RKEF,if RKEF is converted to producing high Ni matte,its economic and environmental performance still cannot match that of the HPAL and oxygen-enriched side-blown ***,it can be inferred that with the increasing demand for nickel in power batteries,HPAL and oxygen-enriched side

关键词： Laterite nickel ore Limonite Saprolite Nickel extraction Pyrometallurgy Power batteries Hydrometallurgy Cost Environmental impact Life cycle assessment Comprehensive utilization Mineral exploration engineering