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Percutaneous kidney stone surgery and radiation exposure: A review

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Asian Journal of Urology 2020年第1期7卷 10-17页

作者： Bohdan Baralo Patrick Samson David Hoenig Arthur Smith Urology Department National Pirogov Memorial Medical UniversityVinnytsyaUkraine Department of Urology Smith Institute for UrologyNorthwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNYUSA

During the past 3 decades,radiation exposure(RE)has increased drastically among patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL),thus potentially causing new cases of cancer each *** effective dose received by patients comes from pre-and postoperative computed tomography(CT)and intraoperative fluoroscopy(FL).We reviewed literature to find novel techniques and approaches that help to decrease RE of patients and *** performed PubMed search using keywords percutaneous nephrolithotomy,intraoperative fluoroscopy,radiation exposure,imaging,percutaneous access,ultrasound,computed tomography,endoscopy,reconstruction,innovations,and augmented ***-four relevant articles were included in this *** much as 20%of patients with first diagnosed urolithiasis exceed background RE level almost *** diagnosing purposes using low-dose and ultra-low-dose CT,as well as low-dose dual energy scan protocols can be efficient ways to decrease RE while maintaining decent *** with urinary stones can be effectively monitored with digital tomosynthesis,ultrasound alone or ultrasound combined with plain film of the *** access(PCA)into the kidney can be performed with reduced or even no RE,using novel PCA *** from conventional imaging techniques during diagnosis and treatment increase probability of non-stochastic radiation *** should be aware of protocols that decrease RE from CT and FL in diagnosis and management of urinary *** of recently developed imaging modalities and PCA techniques will also aid in adherence to the“as low as reasonably achievable”principle.

关键词： PCNL Urolithiasis Reduction of radiation exposure Percutaneous kidney access Diagnostic imaging Training

Analysis of diurnal boundary layer development in boreal forests: measurements and simulations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第2期5卷 191-205页

作者： Jiarui Dong Wenge Ni-Meister NOAA/NCEP/EMC and IMSG 5200 Auth RoadCamp Springs20746 MDUSA Department of Geography Hunter CollegeThe City University of New York695 Park AvenueNew York10065 NYUSA

Aims Combining field data analysis and modeling,this study investigates factors influencing the diurnal boundary layer(BL)development in boreal *** Field data analysis used both air sounding and surface flux measurements collected during the Boreal Ecosystem–Atmosphere Study field campaigns in central *** study applied a non-local transilient turbulence theory(TTT)to simulate the impact of the heterogeneous boundary conditions together with initial conditions on the BL development at the Candle Lake and Thompson release sites over boreal *** conditions were characterized by the integrated surface flux measurements from different forest *** lake effect was included in constructing the surface fluxes at Candle Lake release *** Findings Analyses of serial upper air sounding data and tower flux data indicate strong linear impacts of surface sensible heat forcing on the diurnal BL development above boreal *** regression slopes on the relationship between the BL development and the surface fluxes reflect the influences of initial boundary conditions to the BL *** the modeled and the measured diurnal BLs show that lakes reduce sensible heat flux,leading to a shallower boundary in Candle Lake than in *** of the model results and field measurements on the BL profiles indicates that the TTT model has the capability to simulate the BL development above boreal forests for sunny,rainfall or cloudy *** study demonstrates the importance of lake on surface fluxes and BL *** modeling effort shows the potential to couple the transilient theory with a land surface process model to study land surface and atmosphere interaction in boreal forest.

关键词： BOREAS transilient turbulence theory lake effects initial patterns surface fluxes

A New Symmetrodont Mammal with Fur Impressions from the Mesozoic of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 7-14页

作者： GuillermoW.ROUGIER MichaelJ.NOVACEK Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292USADivision of Paleontology American Muscum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th StreetNew York NY 10024-5192 USA

Western Liaoning of northeastern China is world-renowned for the MesozoicJehol biota, especially for yielding many feathered dinosaurs, primitive birds, mammals and fossilangiosperm. This paper describes a complete specimen of a symmetrodont mammal with well-preservedhairs and soft tissue from the basal part of the Yixian Formation in the Sihetun area, Beipiao,western Liaoning. It is significant for understanding the morphology, osteology, phylogeny and lifehabits of Mesozoic symmetrodont mammals.

关键词： symmetrodont mammals Yixian Formation western Liaoning China

Regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway by deubiquitinating enzymes in cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第4期6卷 335-341页

作者： Ashley Mussell Costa Frangou Jianmin Zhang Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterElm and Carlton StreetsBuffaloNY14261USA Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Molecular and Integrative Physiological SciencesBostonMA 02115USA

Regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway is essential for normal organ growth and tissue *** proteins that act to regulate this pathway are important for ensuring proper function and cellular ***(DUBs)are a family of proteases that act upon many *** ubiquitinases add ubiquitin and target proteins for degradation,DUBs act by removing ubiquitin(Ub)*** in ubiquitin chain topology results in the stabilization of proteins,membrane trafficking,and the alteration of cellular *** the roles of these proteins have been well established in a cancer setting,their convergence in cancer is still under *** this review,we discuss the roles that DUBs play in the regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway for homeostasis and disease.

关键词： Cancer Deubiquitinase Hippo signaling pathway Ubiquitinase YAP/TAZ

Autosegmentation of cardiac substructures in respiratory-gated,non-contrasted computed tomography images

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021年第2期12卷 95-102页

作者： Mark Farrugia Han Yu Anurag K Singh Harish Malhotra Department of Radiation Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14203United States Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14203United States

BACKGROUND Radiation dose to specific cardiac substructures can have a significant on treatment related morbidity and mortality,yet definition of these structures is labor intensive and not *** software may potentially address these issues,however it is unclear whether this approach can be broadly applied across different treatment planning *** investigated the feasibility of autosegmentation of the cardiac substructures in four-dimensional(4D)computed tomography(CT),respiratory-gated,non-contrasted *** To determine whether autosegmentation can be successfully employed on 4DCT respiratory-gated,non-contrasted *** We included patients who underwent stereotactic body radiation therapy for inoperable,early-stage non-small cell lung cancer from 2007 to *** patients were simulated via 4DCT imaging with respiratory gating without intravenous *** structure quality was evaluated by degree of required manual edits and volume discrepancy between the autocontoured structures and its edited sister *** Initial 17-structure cardiac atlas was generated with 20 patients followed by three successive iterations of 10 patients using MIM *** great vessels and heart chambers were reliably autosegmented with most edits considered *** contrast,coronary arteries either failed to be autosegmented or the generated structures required major alterations necessitating deletion and manual ***,the generated mitral and tricuspid valves were poor whereas the aortic and pulmonary valves required at least minor and moderate changes *** the majority of subsites,the additional samples did not appear to substantially impact the quality of generated *** analysis between autosegmented and its manually edited sister structure yielded comparable findings to the physician-based assessment of structure *** The use of MIM software with 30-sample subj

关键词： Autosegmentation Autocontouring Lung cancer Radiation therapy Heart substructures Stereotactic body radiation therapy

Clinician Misperceptions about the Importance of Adolescent HPV Vaccination

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World Journal of Vaccines 2016年第1期6卷 9-15页

作者： Martin C. Mahoney Frances G. Saad-Harfouche Christy A. Widman Annamaria Masucci Twarozek Deborah O. Erwin Elisa M. Rodriguez Department of Health Behavior Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo NY USA Department of Cancer Prevention and Control Office of Cancer Health Disparities Research Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo NY USA

Introduction: Adolescent HPV vaccination rates remain suboptimal. The purpose of the study was to investigate attitudes about HPV vaccine relative to other adolescent vaccines among clinical staff from primary care offices and school based clinics. Methods: We interviewed clinicians in primary care offices and school-based clinics regarding their attitudes about HPV vaccine relative to Tdap and MCV4. Results: Respondents (n = 36) included clinical staff in family medicine (47%), pediatrics (25%), obstetrics/gynecology (19%) and school-based health clinics (8%). Only 3% strongly agreed and 17% agreed that completion of HPV vaccine was more important than completion of pertussis vaccine (Tdap), while 6% strongly agreed and 33% agreed that completion of HPV vaccine was more important than completion of meningitis vaccine (MCV4). Discussion: Providing clinicians with additional information about the cancer prevention benefits of the HPV vaccine and the greater risk for HPV infection/disease relative to other vaccine preventable adolescent diseases may help to increase HPV vaccination rates among adolescents.

关键词： Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Adolescents Cancer Prevention Clinical Medicine

Chi-Square Distribution: New Derivations and Environmental Application

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2019年第8期7卷 1786-1799页

作者： Thomas M. Semkow Nicole Freeman Umme-Farzana Syed Douglas K. Haines Abdul Bari Abdul J. Khan Kimi Nishikawa Adil Khan Adam G. Burn Xin Li Liang T. Chu Wadsworth Center New York State Department of Health Albany NY USA Department of Environmental Health Sciences University at Albany State University of New York Rensselaer NY USA Averill park Central School District Averill Park NY USA

We describe two new derivations of the chi-square distribution. The first derivation uses the induction method, which requires only a single integral to calculate. The second derivation uses the Laplace transform and requires minimum assumptions. The new derivations are compared with the established derivations, such as by convolution, moment generating function, and Bayesian inference. The chi-square testing has seen many applications to physics and other fields. We describe a unique version of the chi-square test where both the variance and location are tested, which is then applied to environmental data. The chi-square test is used to make a judgment whether a laboratory method is capable of detection of gross alpha and beta radioactivity in drinking water for regulatory monitoring to protect health of population. A case of a failure of the chi-square test and its amelioration are described. The chi-square test is compared to and supplemented by the t-test.

关键词： Mathematical Induction Laplace Transform Gamma Distribution Chi-Square Test Gross Alpha-Beta Drinking Water

Correlated squared returns

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2021年第2期6卷 139-158页

作者： Dilip B.Madan King Wang Robert H.Smith School of Business University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Derivative Product Strats Morgan StanleyNew YorkNY 10036USA

Joint densities for a sequential pair of returns with weak autocorrelation and strong correlation in squared returns are *** marginal return densities are either variance gamma or bilateral ***-dimensional matching of empirical characteristic functions to its theoretical counterpart is employed for dependency parameter *** are reported for 3920 daily return sequences of one thousand *** simulation is done using conditional distribution *** paths display levels of squared return correlation and decay rates for the squared return autocorrelation function that are comparable to these magnitudes in daily return *** of log characteristic functions at different time points are used to estimate time scaling *** of these time scaling coefficients on squared return correlations support the view that autocorrelation in squared returns slows the rate of passage of economic *** analysis of financial markets for 2020 in comparison with 2019 displays a post-COVID slowdown in financial markets.

关键词： Correlated gamma processes Joint characteristic functions Digital moment estimation Path simulation

Role of multi-parametric MRI of the prostate for screening and staging:Experience with over 1500 cases

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第1期4卷 68-74页

作者： Geoffrey Gaunay Vinay Patel Paras Shah Daniel Moreira Simon J.Hall Manish A.Vira Michael Schwartz Jessica Kreshover Eran Ben-Levi Robert Villani Ardeshir Rastinehad Lee Richstone Department of Urology The Smith Institute for UrologyNorthwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNYUSA Department of Urology University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Urology&Interventional Radiology Mount Sinai Health SystemNew York CityNYUSA

Objective:Contemporary prostate cancer(PCa)screening modalities such as prostate specific antigen(PSA)and digital rectal examination(DRE)are limited in their ability to predict the detection of clinically significant ***-parametric magnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI)of the prostate has been explored as a staging modality for *** is known regarding its utility as a primary screening *** examined our experience with mpMRI as both a screening and staging ***:mpMRI studies performed between 2012 and 2014 in patients without PCa were cross-referenced with transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)biopsy *** analyses were performed to determine association of mpMRI findings with overall cancer diagnoses and clinically significant(Gleason score≥7)*** analyses were then performed on patients with a history of prior negative biopsy and those without a history of TRUS *** studies were also cross-referenced with RP *** analyses determined predictive ability of extracapsular extension(ECE),seminal vesicle involvement(SVI),and pathologic evidence of clinically significant disease(Gleason score7).Results:Four hundred biopsy naive or prior negative biopsy patients had positive mpMRI *** sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 94%,37%,58%,and 87%,respectively and 95%,31%,42%,and 93%,respectively for overall cancer detection and Gleason score≥7 *** patients with no prior biopsy history,mpMRI sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 94%,36%,65%,and 82%,for all cancers,and 95%,30%,50%,and 89%for Gleason score7 lesions,*** those with prior negative biopsy sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 94%,37%,52%,and 90% for all cancers,and 96%,32%,36%,and 96% for Gleason score7 lesions,***-four patients underwent radical prostatectomy(RP)after *** size on mpMRI corr

关键词： Prostate cancer Magnetic resonance imaging Staging Prostatectomy Screening Margins Gleason score Novel use