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Unexpected focal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in main organs;pass through or pass by?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1885-1899页

作者： Haejun Lee Kyung-Hoon Hwang Department of nuclear medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

Since the inception of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(F-18 FDG),positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)utilizing F-18 FDG has become widely accepted as a valuable imaging modality in the field of oncology,with global prevalence in clinical *** that a single Torso PET/CT scan encompasses the anatomical region from the skull base to the upper thigh,the detection of incidental abnormal focal hypermetabolism in areas of limited clinical interest is both feasible and not *** investigations have been undertaken to delineate the distinctive features of these findings,yet the outcomes have proven *** incongruent results of these studies present a challenge for physicians,leaving them uncertain about the appropriate course of *** article provides a succinct overview of the characteristics of fluorodeoxyglucose,followed by a comprehensive discussion of the imaging findings and clinical significance associated with incidental focal abnormal F-18 FDG activity in several representative *** conclusion,while the prevalence of unrecognized malignancy varies across organs,malignancies account for a substantial proportion,ranging from approximately one-third to over half,of incidental focal *** light of these rates,physicians are urged to exercise vigilance in not disregarding unexpected uptake,facilitating more assured clinical decisions,and advocating for further active evaluation.

关键词： Incidental Focal Incidentaloma Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography Hypermetabolism

Design and performance evaluation of a large field-of-view dual-particle time-encoded imager based on a depth-of-interaction detector

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 1-14页

作者： Dong Zhao Xu-Wen Liang Ping-Kun Cai Wei Cheng Wen-Bao Jia Da-Qian Hei Qing Shan Yong-Sheng Ling Chao Shi Department of nuclear Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Suzhou 215000China School of nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Time-encoded imaging is useful for identifying potential special nuclear materials and other radioactive sources at a *** this study,a large field-of-view time-encoded imager was developed for gamma-ray and neutron source hotspot imaging based on a depth-of-interaction(DOI)*** imager primarily consists of a DOI detector system and a rotary dual-layer cylindrical coded *** EJ276 plastic scintillator coupled with two SiPMs was designed as the DOI detector to increase the field of view and improve the imager *** difference in signal time at both ends and the log of the signal amplitude ratio were used to calculate the interaction position *** position resolution of the DOI detector was calibrated using a collimated Cs-137 source,and the full width at half maximum of the reconstruction position of the Gaussian fitting curve was approximately 4.4 *** DOI detector can be arbitrarily divided into several units to independently reconstruct the source distribution *** unit length was optimized via Am-Be source-location experiments.A multidetector filtering method is proposed for image *** method can effectively reduce image noise caused by poor DOI detector position *** vertical field of view of the imager was(-55°,55°)when the detector was placed in the center of the coded mask.A DT neutron source at 20 m standoff could be located within 2400 s with an angular resolution of 3.5°.

关键词： Time-encoded imager Depth-of-interaction detector Dual-particle imaging Hotspot imaging

Selective internal radiation therapy segmentectomy:A new minimally invasive curative option for primary liver malignancies?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2379-2386页

作者： Riccardo Inchingolo Francesco Cortese Antonio Rosario Pisani Fabrizio Acquafredda Roberto Calbi Riccardo Memeo Fotis Anagnostopoulos Stavros Spiliopoulos unit of Interventional Radiology “F.Miulli”Regional General HospitalBari 70021Italy Interdisciplinary Department of medicine Section of Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70121Italy Department of Radiology General Regional Hospital“F.Miulli”Acquaviva delle Fonti 70021Italy unit of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery “F.Miulli”Regional General HospitalBari 70021Italy The Second Radiology Department National and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari Athens 12461Greece

Transarterial radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of *** percutaneous technique involves the local,intra-arterial delivery of radioactive microspheres directly into the *** employed as a palliative measure for liver malignancies,SIRT has gained traction over the past decade as a potential curative option,mirroring the increasing role of radiation *** latest update of the BCLC hepatocellular carcinoma guidelines recognizes SIRT as an effective treatment modality comparable to other local ablative methods,particularly well-suited for patients where surgical resection or ablation is not *** segmentectomy is a more selective approach,aiming to deliver high-dose radiation to one to three specific hepatic segments,while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy *** research efforts in radiation segmentectomy should prioritize optimizing radiation dosimetry and refining the technique for super-selective administration of radiospheres within the designated hepatic segments.

关键词： Transarterial radioembolization Selective internal radiation therapy Radiation segmentectomy Hepatocellular carcinoma Primary liver malignancies Personalised dosimetry

Rim^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of hepatic cavernous hemangioma on positron emission tomography/computed tomography:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2243-2247页

作者： Yong-An Hu Ya-Xin Guo Qi-Feng Huang Department of nuclear medicine Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityJinhua Municipal Central HospitalJinhua 321000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Peripheral FDG accumulation in a hepatic hemangioma presenting in a patient with prolonged fever is ***,clinicians should pay close attention to patients with hepatic *** SUMMARY A 54-year-old woman with a 4-wk history of daily fevers was admitted to our hospital.A whole body^(18)-Fluordesoxyglucose(PET-FDG)positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)was performed to elucidate the source of the ***,whole body^(18)-FDG PET/CT raised the suspicion of a malignant lesion because of peripheral FDG accumulation(SUVmax 3.5 g/mL)higher than that of the normal liver parenchyma(SUVmax 1.6 g/mL)surrounding a hypoactive area,and no other abnormalities were ***,the patient underwent liver mass *** showed a hepatic cavernous hemangioma with fatty infiltration around the *** fever disappeared four days after surgery and the patient did not present any complications during *** Fatty infiltration in the peripheral parts of hepatic cavernous hemangioma may lead to subacute inflammation which further activate the Kupffer *** may cause prolonged fever and peripheral rim FDG accumulation on PET/CT.

关键词： ^(18)-Fluordesoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography Hepatocellular carcinoma Fever Fatty infiltration Case report

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Synaptic Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 743-758页

作者： Jiaqi Niu Yan Zhong Chentao Jin Peili Cen Jing Wang Chunyi Cui Le Xue Xingyue Cui Mei Tian Hong Zhang Department of nuclear medicine and PET Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310009China Institute of nuclear medicine and Molecular Imaging Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310009China College of Biomedical Engineering&Instrument Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310014China Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310014China Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai200040China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a complex *** formed by abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein(αSyn)lead to synapse dysfunction of the dopamine and non-dopamine *** loss of dopaminergic neurons and concomitant alterations in non-dopaminergic function in PD constitute its primary pathological *** emission tomography(PET),as a representative molecular imaging technique,enables the non-invasive visualization,characterization,and quantification of biological processes at cellular and molecular *** synaptic function with PET would provide insights into the mechanisms underlying PD and facilitate the optimization of clinical *** this review,we focus on the synaptic dysfunction associated with theαSyn pathology of PD,summarize various related targets and radiopharmaceuticals,and discuss applications and perspectives of PET imaging of synaptic dysfunction in PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Positron emission tomography Synapse dysfunction Alpha-synuclein Dopamine system Non-dopamine system

Cell fate regulation governed by p53: Friends or reversible foes in cancer therapy

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Cancer Communications 2024年第3期44卷 297-360页

作者： Bin Song Ping Yang Shuyu Zhang Laboratory of Radiation medicine West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP.R.China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College China National Nuclear Corporation 416 HospitalChengduSichuanP.R.China Laboratory of Radiation medicine NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical TransformationWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP.R.China

Cancer is a leading cause of death *** therapies aimed at key oncogenic driver mutations in combination with chemotherapy and radiother-apy as well as immunotherapy have benefited cancer patients *** protein p53(TP53),a crucial tumor suppressor gene encoding p53,reg-ulates numerous downstream genes and cellular phenotypes in response to various *** affected genes are involved in diverse processes,includ-ing cell cycle arrest,DNA repair,cellular senescence,metabolic homeostasis,apoptosis,and ***,accumulating recent studies have contin-ued to reveal novel and unexpected functions of p53 in governing the fate of tumors,for example,functions in ferroptosis,immunity,the tumor microenvi-ronment and microbiome *** the possibilities,the evolutionary plasticity of p53 is the most controversial,partially due to the dizzying array of biological functions that have been attributed to different regulatory mechanisms of p53 *** 40 years after its discovery,this key tumor suppressor remains somewhat *** intricate and diverse functions of p53 in reg-ulating cell fate during cancer treatment are only the tip of the iceberg with respect to its equally complicated structural biology,which has been painstak-ingly ***,TP53 mutation is one of the most significant genetic alterations in cancer,contributing to rapid cancer cell growth and tumor ***,we summarized recent advances that implicate altered p53 in modulating the response to various cancer therapies,including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and ***,we also discussed potential strategies for targeting p53 as a therapeutic option for cancer.

关键词： cancer chemotherapy drug targeting immunotherapy p53 tumor suppressor

Ambroxol,the cough expectorant with neuroprotective effects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2345-2346页

作者： Kristin Patzwaldt Salvador Castaneda-Vega Werner Siemens Imaging Center Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyEberhard Karls University TuebingenTuebingenGermany Department of nuclear medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging University Clinic TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Ambroxol hydrochloride(2-amino-3,5-dibromo-N-methylbenzylamine hydrochloride)has been used as a mucolytic agent in the treatment of respiratory diseases since the late *** effects on mucus membranes such as mucus disruption,increased mucus production,and low toxicity profile were addressed in its original German patent in *** first described properties have kept Ambroxol available worldwide and over the counter in the pharmaceutical market to this day.

关键词： protective agent German

Different effects of 24 dietary intakes on gastroesophageal reflux disease: A mendelian randomization

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2370-2381页

作者： Yu-Xin Liu Wen-Tao Yang Yang Li Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Cardiovascular Chengdu Integrated TCM&Western Medicine HospitalChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of nuclear medicine Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND In observational studies,dietary intakes are associated with gastroesophageal re-flux disease(GERD).AIM To conduct a two-sample mendelian randomization(MR)analysis to determine whether those associations are *** To explore the relationship between dietary intake and the risk of GERD,we extracted appropriate single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome-wide asso-ciation study data on 24 dietary *** methods were adopted for data analysis:Inverse variance weighting,weighted median methods,and MR-Egger's *** odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were used to eva-luate the causal association between dietary intake and *** Our univariate Mendelian randomization(UVMR)results showed significant evidence that pork intake(OR,2.83;95%CI:1.76-4.55;P=1.84×10–5),beer intake(OR,2.70,95%CI:2.00-3.64;P=6.54×10–11),non-oily fish intake(OR,2.41;95%CI:1.49-3.91;P=3.59×10–4)have a protective effect on *** addition,dried fruit intake(OR,0.37;95%CI:0.27-0.50;6.27×10–11),red wine intake(OR,0.34;95%CI:0.25-0.47;P=1.90×10-11),cheese intake(OR,0.46;95%CI:0.39-0.55;P=3.73×10-19),bread intake(OR,0.72;95%CI:0.56-0.92;P=0.0009)and cereal intake(OR,0.45;95%CI:0.36-0.57;P=2.07×10-11)were negatively associated with the risk of *** was a suggestive asso-ciation for genetically predicted coffee intake(OR per one SD increase,1.22,95%CI:1.03-1.44;P=0.019).Multi-variate Mendelian randomization further confirmed that dried fruit intake,red wine intake,cheese intake,and cereal intake directly affected *** contrast,the impact of pork intake,beer intake,non-oily fish intake,and bread intake on GERD was partly driven by the common risk factors for ***,after adjusting for all four elements,there was no longer a suggestive association between coffee intake and *** This study provides MR evidence to support the causal relationship between a broad range of dietary intake and GERD,providing new insights for the treatment and p

关键词： Dietary Gastroesophageal reflux disease Mendelian randomization Disease management Randomized controlled trial

PRaG 3.0 therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1237-1249页

作者： Yue-Hong Kong Mei-Ling Xu Jun-Jun Zhang Guang-Qiang Chen Zhi-Hui Hong Hong Zhang Xiao-Xiao Dai Yi-Fu Ma Xiang-Rong Zhao Chen-Yang Zhang Rong-Zheng Chen Peng-Fei Xing Li-Yuan Zhang Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of radiotherapy&Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Institution of radiotherapy&Oncology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of nuclear medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly fatal disease with limited effective treatment especially after first-line *** human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)immunohistochemistry(IHC)positive is associated with more aggressive clinical behavior and shorter overall survival in *** SUMMARY We present a case of multiple metastatic PDAC with IHC mismatch repair proficient but HER-2 IHC weakly positive at diagnosis that didn’t have tumor regression after first-line nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and PD-1 inhibitor treatment.A novel combination therapy PRaG 3.0 of RC48(HER2-antibody-drug conjugate),radio-therapy,PD-1 inhibitor,granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 was then applied as second-line therapy and the patient had confirmed good partial response with progress-free-survival of 6.5 months and overall survival of 14.2 *** had not developed any grade 2 or above treatment-related adverse events at any *** of peripheral CD8^(+) Temra and CD4^(+) Temra were increased during first two activation cycles of PRaG 3.0 treatment containing radiotherapy but deceased to the baseline during the maintenance cycles containing no *** PRaG 3.0 might be a novel strategy for HER2-positive metastatic PDAC patients who failed from previous first-line approach and even PD-1 immunotherapy but needs more data in prospective trials.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma PRaG 3.0 therapy Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 Novel combination therapy Case report