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Journal of Health Science 2015年第3期3卷 136-137页

作者： Karin Marieke Eggink Maurice Vroegop radboud university medical Centre Nijmegen 6500 The Netherlands

The global mismatch between equitable carbon dioxide removal liability and capacity

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National Science Review 2023年第12期10卷 111-123页

作者： Pu Yang Zhifu Mi Yi-Ming Wei Steef V.Hanssen Lan-Cui Liu D'Maris Coffman Xinlu Sun Hua Liao Yun-Fei Yao Jia-Ning Kang Peng-Tao Wang Steven J.Davis The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College London Energy and Power Group University of Oxford Exeter Sustainable Finance Centre University of Exeter center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of Technology School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Radboud University Business School Beijing Normal University Strategy Plan Department Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Department of Earth System Science University of California

Limiting climate change to 1.5℃ and achieving net-zero emissions would entail substantial carbon dioxide removal(CDR) from the atmosphere by the mid-century,but how much CDR is needed at country level over time is *** purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of when and how much CDR is required at country level in order to achieve 1.5℃ and how much CDR countries can carry out *** allocate global CDR pathways among 170 countries according to 6 equity principles and assess these allocations with respect to countries’ biophysical and geophysical capacity to deploy *** global CDR to countries based on these principles suggests that CDR will,on average,represent～4% of nations’ total emissions in 2030,rising to ～17% in ***,equitable allocations of CDR,in many cases,exceed implied land and carbon storage *** estimate～15 % of countries(25)would have insufficient land to contribute an equitable share of global CDR,and ～40% of countries(71)would have insufficient geological storage *** more diverse CDR technologies are developed,the mismatch between CDR liabilities and land-based CDR capacities will lead to global demand for six GtCO2carbon credits from 2020 to *** demonstrates an imperative demand for international carbon trading of CDR.

关键词： carbon dioxide removal land-based solutions international equity

Using modular 3D digital earth applications based on point clouds for the study of complex sites

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第12期9卷 1135-1152页

作者： Oscar Martinez-Rubi Maurice de Kleijn Stefan Verhoeven Niels Drost Jisk Attema Maarten van Meersbergen Rob van Nieuwpoort Rens de Hond Eduardo Dias Pjotr Svetachov Netherlands eScience center AmsterdamThe Netherlands Spatial Information laboratory(SPINlab) VU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Faculty of Arts Institute for HistoricalLiterary and Cultural studies(HLCS)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Geodan b.v. AmsterdamThe Netherlands Donald Smits center for Information Technology University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands

This article discusses the use of 3D technologies in digital earth applications(DEAs)to study complex *** are large areas containing objects with heterogeneous shapes and semantic *** study proposes that DEAs should be modular,have multi-tier architectures,and be developed as Free and Open Source Software if *** DEAs requiring high reliability in the 3D measurements,point clouds are proposed as basis for the 3D Digital digital earth *** the development of DEAs,we propose to follow a workflow with four components:data acquisition and processing,data management,data analysis and data *** every component,technological challenges of using 3D technologies are identified and solutions applied for a case study are *** case study is a modular 3D DEA developed for the archaeological project Mapping the Via *** 3D DEA allows archaeologists to virtually analyze a complex study area.

关键词： 3D digital earth application point clouds data management visualization

Study on Nucleophilic Additions to endo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0^(2,6)]deca-2(6),8-dien-3-one and an Unusual Payne Rearrangement of α,β-Epoxy Tricyclodecenone

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第7期12卷 585-588页

作者： Xue Shi MAO A.A.VOLKERS A.J.H.KLUNDER Binne ZWANENBURG Department of Organic Chemistry NSR Center for Molecular StructureDesign and SynthesisUniversity of NijmegenToernooiveld 16525 ED NijmegenThe Netherlands

Synthesis of highly strained tetracyclic ketones was achieved by cyclopropanation or epoxidation of tricyclodecenone 1. An unusual formation of α-methoxy β-hydroxy ketone from an α,β-unsaturated enone system via ... 详细信息

关键词： Nucleophilic addition Payne rearrangement α β-epoxycyclopentanone

Facial Selectivity in the Nucleophilic Additions of endo-Tricyclo[5.2.1.0^(2,6)]deca-2(6),8-dien-3-one

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第7期12卷 581-584页

Nucleophilic additions to endo-tricyclo[5.***.1.0^(2,6)]deca-2(6),8-dien-3-one 4 are described. Experimental results show high preference for exo-facial attack to the enone moiety of tricyclodecadienone. Steric hindrance is the main kinetically controlling factor in the nucleophilic reaction. The shielding effect and the stabilizing effect of the norbornene double bond favor the exo-facial attack also.

关键词： Stereochemistry nucleophilic addition

No evidence of contagious yawning in the red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 477-484页

作者： Anna WILKINSON Natalie SEBANZ Isabella MANDL Ludwig HUBER Department of Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Biological Sciences University of Lincoln Lincoln LN2 2LG UK Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior Centre for Cognition Radboud University Nijmegen P.O. Box 9104 6500 HE Nijmegen The Netherlands

Three hypotheses have attempted to explain the phenomenon of contagious yawning. It has been hypothesized that it is a fixed action pattern for which the releasing stimulus is the observation of another yawn, that it is the result of non-conscious mimicry emerging through close links between perception and action or that it is the result of empathy, involving the ability to engage in mental state attribution. This set of experiments sought to distinguish between these hypotheses by examining contagious yawning in a species that is unlikely to show nonconscious mimicry and empathy but does respond to social stimuli: the red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria. A demonstrator tortoise was conditioned to yawn when presented with a red square-shaped stimulus. Observer tortoises were exposed to three conditions: observation of conditioned yawn, non demonstration control, and stimulus only control. We measured the number of yawns for each observer animal in each condition. There was no difference between conditions. Experiment 2 therefore increased the number of conditioned yawns presented. Again, there was no significant difference between conditions. It seemed plausible that the tortoises did not view the conditioned yawn as a real yawn and therefore a final experiment was run using video recorded stimuli. The observer tortoises were presented with three conditions: real yawn, conditioned yawns and empty background. Again there was no significant difference between conditions. We therefore conclude that the red-footed tortoise does not yawn in response to observing a conspecific yawn. This suggests that contagious yawning is not the result of a fixed action pattern but may involve more complex social processes [Current Zoology 57 (4): 477–484, 2011].

关键词：传染性陆龟证据动作模式社会过程精神状态视频记录空调

How Can We Make Disaster Management Evaluations More Useful?An Empirical Study of Dutch Exercise Evaluations

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 578-591页

作者： Ralf Josef Johanna Beerens Henrik Tehler Ben Pelzer Institute for Safety(IFV) 6801 HA ArnhemThe Netherlands Division of Risk Management and Societal Safety Lund University22100 LundSweden Lund university Centre for Risk Assessment and Management(LUCRAM) Lund University22100 LundSweden Department of Sociology Radboud University Nijmegen6500 HE Nijmegen.The Netherlands

The evaluation of simulated disasters(for example,exercises)and real responses are important ***,little attention has been paid to how reports documenting such events should be written.A key issue is how to make them as useful as possible to professionals working in disaster risk ***,we focus on three aspects of a written evaluation:how the object of the evaluation is described,how the analysis is described,and how the conclusions are *** empirical experiment,based on real evaluation documents,asked 84 Dutch mayors and crisis management professionals to evaluate the perceived usefulness of the three aspects noted *** results showed that how evalua・tions are written does ***,the usefulness of an evaluation intended for learning purposes is improved when its analysis and conclusions are *** contrast,evaluations used for accountability purposes are only improved by the clarity of the con *** findings have implications for the way disaster management evaluations should be documented.

关键词： Disaster management evaluation Evaluation design Evaluation report Exercise evaluation The Netherlands Usefulness

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淡水水体底泥中厌氧氨氧化菌的原位鉴别

环境科学 2006年第7期27卷 1420-1423页

作者：阮晓红张瑛 Markus C.Schmid Toine Smits 赵振华河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室 Department of Microbiology Radboud University of Nijmegen center for Water and Society Radboud University of Nijmegen

采用16S rRNA方法对江苏省新沂河的底泥样品进行了厌氧氨氧化菌的原位检测,建立了样品的16S rRNA克隆文库,共包括6个16S rRNA克隆序列.对文库中克隆序列利用ARB软件包进行了排队分析及系统发育树的绘制.分析结果表明,新沂河底泥样品中... 详细信息

采用16S rRNA方法对江苏省新沂河的底泥样品进行了厌氧氨氧化菌的原位检测,建立了样品的16S rRNA克隆文库,共包括6个16S rRNA克隆序列.对文库中克隆序列利用ARB软件包进行了排队分析及系统发育树的绘制.分析结果表明,新沂河底泥样品中含有与已知厌氧氨氧化菌Candidatus“Brocadia anammoxidans”相似性为91%的16S rRNA基因,经鉴定为厌氧氨氧化菌Brocadia分支的新种类.样品中还含有组成Planctomycetes新分支的16S rRNA基因,它们与已知厌氧氨氧化菌序列的遗传距离较远,其微生物特性还有待进一步研究.厌氧氨氧化菌在淡水环境中的发现将有助于进一步研究厌氧氨氧化过程在受损淡水生态系统修复重建中的作用,重新认识其中的氮循环过程.

关键词：氮循环厌氧氨氧化菌淡水水体底泥分子生物学技术

Systematic mechanism-orientated approach to chronic pancreatitis pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 47-59页

作者： Stefan AW Bouwense Marjan de Vries Luuk TW Schreuder Soren S Olesen Jens B Frokjær Asbjorn M Drewes Harry van Goor Oliver HG Wilder-Smith Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group Department of SurgeryRadboud University Medical Center6500HB GelderlandThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Hospital9100 AalborgDenmark center for Sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg University9100 AalborgDenmark Department of Anaesthesiology Pain and Palliative MedicineRadboud University Medical Center6500HB GelderlandThe Netherlands

Pain in chronic pancreatitis(CP) shows similarities with other visceral pain syndromes(i.e.,inflammatory bowel disease and esophagitis),which should thus be managed in a similar *** causes of CP pain include increased intrapancreatic pressure,pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic/extrapancreatic ***,CP pain continues to be a major clinical *** is recognized that ongoing pain may induce altered central pain processing,e.g.,central sensitization or pro-nociceptive pain *** this is present conventional pain treatment targeting the nociceptive focus,e.g.,opioid analgesia or surgical/endoscopic intervention,often fails even if technically *** central nervous system pain processing is altered,specific treatment targeting these changes should be instituted(e.g.,gabapentinoids,ketamine or tricyclic antidepressants).Suitable tools are now available to make altered central processing visible,including quantitative sensory testing,electroencephalograpy and(functional) magnetic resonance *** techniques are potentially clinically useful diagnostic tools to analyze central pain processing and thus define optimum management approaches for pain in CP and other visceral pain *** present review proposes a systematic mechanism-orientated approach to pain management in CP based on a holistic view of the mechanisms *** research should address the circumstances under which central nervous system pain processing changes in CP,and how this is influenced by ongoing nociceptive input and *** we hope to predict which patients are at risk for developing chronic pain or not responding to therapy,leading to improved treatment of chronic pain in CP and other visceral pain disorders.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Pain Pain treatment Central sensitization Quantitative sensory testing Electroencephalograpy Magnetic resonance imaging

Evaluation of hepatic cystic lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第23期19卷 3543-3554页

作者： Marten A Lantinga Tom JG Gevers Joost PH Drenth Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands

Hepatic cysts are increasingly found as a mere coincidence on abdominal imaging techniques, such as ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These cysts often present a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, we performed a review of the recent literature and developed an evidence-based diagnostic algorithm to guide clinicians in characterising these lesions. Simple cysts are the most common cystic liver disease, and diagnosis is based on typical USG characteristics. Serodiagnostic tests and microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) are invaluable in differentiating complicated cysts, echinococcosis and cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma when USG, CT and MRI show ambiguous findings. Therefore, serodiagnostic tests and CEUS reduce the need for invasive procedures. Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is arbitrarily defined as the presence of > 20 liver cysts and can present as two distinct genetic disorders: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (PCLD). Although genetic testing for ADPKD and PCLD is possible, it is rarely performed because it does not affect the therapeutic management of PLD. USG screening of the liver and both kidneys combined with extensive family history taking are the cornerstone of diagnostic decision making in PLD. In conclusion, an amalgamation of these recent advances results in a diagnostic algorithm that facilitates evidence-based clinical decision making.

关键词： Coincidental hepatic cystic lesions Cystic liver disease Complicated cyst Polycystic liver disease Diagnostic algorithm