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Infrared imaging of magnetic octupole domains in non-collinear antiferromagnets

National Science Review 2024年第06期 197-205页

作者： Peng Wang Wei Xia Jinhui Shen Yulong Chen Wenzhi Peng Jiachen Zhang Haolin Pan Xuhao Yu Zheng Liu Yang Gao Qian Niu Zhian Xu Hongtao Yang Yanfeng Guo Dazhi Hou International Center for quantum Design of Functional Materials(ICQD) School of Emerging TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of China College of Mathematics and physics Qingdao University of Science and Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University Shanghai Tech Laboratory for Topological physics Shanghai Tech University Department of physics University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled quantum Matter physics University of Science and Technology of China Xi'an Institute of optics and Precision Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Magnetic structure plays a pivotal role in the functionality of antiferromagnets（AFMs）, which not only can be employed to encode digital data but also yields novel phenomena. Despite its growing significance,visualizing the antiferromagnetic domain structure remains a challenge, particularly for non-collinear AFMs. Currently, the observation of magnetic domains in non-collinear antiferromagnetic materials is feasible only in Mn3Sn, underscoring the limitations of existing techniques that necessitate distinct methods for in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic domain imaging. In this study, we present a versatile method for imaging the antiferromagnetic domain structure in a series of non-collinear antiferromagnetic materials by utilizing the anomalous Ettingshausen effect（AEE）, which resolves both the magnetic octupole moments parallel and perpendicular to the sample surface. Temperature modulation due to AEE originating from different magnetic domains is measured by lock-in thermography, revealing distinct behaviors of octupole domains in different antiferromagnets. This work delivers an efficient technique for the visualization of magnetic domains in non-collinear AFMs, which enables comprehensive study of the magnetization process at the microscopic level and paves the way for potential advancements in applications.

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Demonstration of controlled high-dimensional quantum teleportation

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 1-6页

作者： Min-Yu Lv Xiao-Min Hu Neng-Fei Gong Tie-Jun Wang Yu Guo Bi-Heng Liu Yun-Feng Huang Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo CAS Key Laboratory of quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Centerfor Excellence in quantum Information and quantum physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China State Key Laboratory of Information photonics and Optical Communications School of ScienceBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

Controlled quantum teleportation(CQT), which is regarded as the prelude and backbone for a genuine quantum internet, reveals the cooperation, supervision, and control relationship among the sender, receiver, and controller in the quantum network within the simplest unit. Compared with low-dimensional counterparts, high-dimensional CQT can exhibit larger information transmission capacity and higher superiority of the controller's authority. In this article, we report a proof-of-principle experimental realization of three-dimensional(3D) CQT with a fidelity of 97.4% ± 0.2%. To reduce the complexity of the circuit, we simulate a standard 4-qutrit CQT protocol in a 9×9-dimensional two-photon system with high-quality operations. The corresponding control powers are 48.1% ± 0.2% for teleporting a qutrit and 52.8% ± 0.3% for teleporting a qubit in the experiment, which are both higher than the theoretical value of control power in 2-dimensional CQT protocol(33%). The results fully demonstrate the advantages of high-dimensional multi-partite entangled networks and provide new avenues for constructing complex quantum networks.

关键词： high dimension quantum information quantum teleportation quantum nonlocality

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SSL Depth: self-supervised learning enables 16× speedup in confocal microscopy-based 3D surface imaging [Invited]

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Chinese optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 3-7页

作者： Ze-Hao Wang Tong-Tian Weng Xiang-Dong Chen Li Zhao Fang-Wen Sun CAS Key Laboratory of quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in quantum Information and quantum physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Anhui Golden-Shield 3D Technology Co. Ltd.Hefei 230011China

In scientific and industrial research, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, or depth measurement, is a critical tool that provides detailed insight into surface properties. Confocal microscopy, known for its precision in surface measurements, plays a key role in this field. However, 3D imaging based on confocal microscopy is often challenged by significant data requirements and slow measurement speeds. In this paper, we present a novel self-supervised learning algorithm called SSL Depth that overcomes these challenges. Specifically, our method exploits the feature learning capabilities of neural networks while avoiding the need for labeled data sets typically associated with supervised learning approaches. Through practical demonstrations on a commercially available confocal microscope, we find that our method not only maintains higher quality, but also significantly reduces the frequency of the z-axis sampling required for 3D imaging. This reduction results in a remarkable 16×measurement speed, with the potential for further acceleration in the future. Our methodological advance enables highly efficient and accurate 3D surface reconstructions, thereby expanding the potential applications of confocal microscopy in various scientific and industrial fields.

关键词： confocal microscopy 3D surface imaging self-supervised learning

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Lightning in a Forest (Wild) Fire: Mechanism at the Molecular Level

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 128-135页

作者： See Leang Chin Xueliang Guo Harmut Schroeder Huanbin Xu Tie-Jun Wang Ruxin Li Weiwei Liu Department of physics and Center for optics Photonics and Lasers (COPL) Laval University Quebec Canada Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Max Planck Institute of quantum optics Garching Germany State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Institute of Modern optics Nankai University Tianjin China

The mechanism of lightning that ignites a forest fire and the lightning that occurs above a forest fire are explained at the molecular level. It is based on two phenomena, namely, internal charge separation inside the atmospheric cloud particles and the existence of a layer of positively charged hydrogen atoms sticking out of the surface of the liquid layer of water on the surface of rimers. Strong turbulence-driven collisions of the ice particles and water droplets with the rimers give rise to breakups of the ice particles and water droplets into positively and negatively charged fragments leading to charge separation. Hot weather in a forest contributes to the updraft of hot and humid air, which follows the same physical/chemical processes of normal lightning proposed and explained recently[1]. Lightning would have a high probability of lighting up and burning the dry biological materials in the ground of the forest, leading to a forest (wild) fire. The burning of trees and other plants would release a lot of heat and moisture together with a lot of smoke particles (aerosols) becoming a strong updraft. The condition for creating lightning is again satisfied which would result in further lightning high above the forest wild fire.

关键词： Forest Wild Fire Lightning Molecular Level

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Tunable off-resonant Rydberg microwave frequency comb spectroscopy based on metawaveguide coupled Rydberg atoms

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CHINESE optics LETTERS 2024年第8期22卷 080201-080201页

作者： Zhang, Lihua Liu, Zongkai Liu, Bang Wang, Qifeng Ma, Yu Han, Tianyu Zhang, Zhengyuan Chen, Hanchao Shao, Shiyao Li, Qing Zhang, Jun Ding, Dongsheng Shi, Baosen Univ Sci & Technol China Key Lab Quantum Informat Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum Ph Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

Studying Rydberg microwave frequency comb (MFC) spectroscopy helps increase the working bandwidth of the Rydberg receiver. This Letter demonstrates off-resonant Rydberg MFC spectroscopy in a meta-waveguide-coupled Rydberg atomic system. An off-resonant MFC field couples with the Rydberg atoms through a meta-waveguide. The system can receive the microwave field in the working band from 0.5 GHz to 13.5 GHz, and the MFC spectroscopy covers a span of 36 MHz at three different arbitrarily-chosen frequencies of 2 GHz, 3 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. The MFC spectrum that covers a wide range of 125 MHz is also verified. This work is significant for tunable wide-band instant microwave signal detection in the Rydberg atomic system, which is useful in microwave frequency metrology, communication, and radar.

关键词： Rydberg atoms microwave frequency comb spectroscopy metawaveguide tunability

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Chiral phonon activated spin Seebeck effect in chiral materials

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 149-155页

作者： Xiao Li Jinxin Zhong Jinluo Cheng Hao Chen Huiqian Wang Jun Liu Dali Sun Lifa Zhang Jun Zhou Phonon Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy ScienceSchool of Physics and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science China-EU Joint Lab for NanophononicsSchool of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Changchun Institute of optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceChangchun 130033China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27606USA Department of physics North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695USA Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories(ORaCEL) North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27606USA

Efficient generation of spin polarization is very important for spintronics and quantum computation. In chiral materials without magnetic order nor spin-orbit coupling, we find a new spin selectivity effect—chiral phonon activated spin Seebeck(CPASS)effect. Starting with the nonequilibrium distribution of chiral phonons under a temperature gradient, the CPASS coefficients are computed based on the Boltzmann transport theory. With both the phonon-drag and band transport contributions, the spin accumulations generated by the CPASS effect exhibit quadratic dependence on the temperature gradient. The strength of the CPASS effect and the relative magnitude of both contributions are tunable by the chemical potential modulation. The CPASS effect, which gives a promising explanation on the traditional chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, provides opportunities for the exploration of advanced spintronic devices based on chiral materials even in the absence of any magnetic order and spin-orbit coupling.

关键词： spin Seebeck effect chiral phonon phonon-drag contribution efficient spin generation

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The radiative decay of scalar glueball from lattice QCD

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 63-74页

作者： Jintao Zou Long-Cheng Gui Ying Chen Wen Qin Jian Liang Xiangyu Jiang Yibo Yang Department of physics Hunan Normal University and Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of EducationChangsha 410081China Synergetic Innovation Center for quantum Effects and Applications(SICQEA) Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Institute of High Energy physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and quantum Control(MOE) Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of MatterInstitute of Quantum MatterSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of quantum Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear ScienceSouthern Nuclear Science Computing CenterSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China International Centre for Theoretical physics Asia-Pacific Beijing 100190China School of Fundamental physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China

We perform the first lattice QCD study on the radiative decay of the scalar glueball to the vector mesonφin the quenched *** calculations are carried out on three gauge ensembles with different lattice spacings,which enable us to do the continuum *** first revisit the radiative J/ψdecay into the scalar glueball G and obtain the partial decay widthΓ(J/ψ→γG)=0.578(86)keV and the branching fraction Br(J/ψ→γG)=6.2(9)×10^(-3),which are in agreement with the previous lattice *** then extend the similar calculation to the process G→γφand get the partial decay widthΓ(G→γφ)=0.074(47)keV,which implies that the combined branching fraction of J/ψ→γG→γγφis as small as O(10^(-9))such that this process is hardly detected by the BESⅢexperiment even with the large J/ψsample of O(10^(10)).With the vector meson dominance model,the two-photon decay width of the scalar glueball is estimated to beΓ(G→γγ)=0.53(46)e V,which results in a large stickiness S(G)~O(10^(4))of the scalar glueball by assuming the stickiness of f_(2)(1270)to be one.

关键词： lattice QCD scalar glueball radiative decay

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quantum projection ghost imaging: a photon-numberselection method [Invited]

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Chinese optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 52-59页

作者： Dezhong Cao Suheng Zhang Yanan Zhao Cheng Ren Jun Zhang Baolai Liang Baoqing Sun Kaige Wang Department of physics Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China College of physics Science&Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of physics Applied Optics Beijing Area Major LaboratoryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

We establish a quantum theory of computational ghost imaging and propose quantum projection imaging where object information can be reconstructed by quantum statistical correlation between a certain photon number of a bucket signal and digital micromirror device random patterns. The reconstructed image can be negative or positive, depending on the chosen photon number. In particular, the vacuum state (zero-number) projection produces a negative image with better visibility and contrast-to-noise ratio. The experimental results of quantum projection imaging agree well with theoretical simulations and show that, under the same measurement condition, vacuum projection imaging is superior to conventional and fast first-photon ghost imaging in low-light illumination.

关键词： ghost imaging quantum projection image reconstruction

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Very long wave infrared quantum dot photodetector up to 18μm

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 772-782页

作者： Xiaomeng Xue Qun Hao Menglu Chen School of optics and photonics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China. Westlake Institute for Optoelectronics FuyangHangzhou 311421China. physics Department Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China

Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are of interest for optoelectronic devices because of the possibility of high-throughput solution processing and the wide energy gap tunability from ultraviolet to infrared *** may question about the upper limit on the CQD wavelength *** date,although the CQD absorption already reaches terahertz,the practical photodetection wavelength is limited within mid-wave *** figure out challenges on CQD photoresponse in longer wavelength,would reveal the ultimate property on these ***’s more,it motivates interest in bottom-up infrared photodetection with less than 10%cost compared with epitaxial growth semiconductor *** this work,developing a re-growth method and ionic doping modification,we demonstrate photodetection up to 18μm wavelength on HgTe *** liquid nitrogen temperature,the responsivity reaches 0.3 A/W and 0.13 A/W,with specific detectivity 6.6×108 Jones and 2.3×109 Jones for 18μm and 10μm CQD photoconductors,*** work is a step toward answering the general question on the CQD photodetection wavelength limitation.

关键词： quantum wave ultraviolet

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Coupling ideality of standing-wave supermode microresonators

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photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1610-1618页

作者： MIN WANG YUECHEN LEI ZHI-GANG HU CHENGHAO LAO YUANLEI WANG XIN ZHOU JINCHENG LI QI-FAN YANG BEI-BEI LI Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Standing-wave supermode microresonators that are created through the strong coupling between counter-propagating modes have emerged as versatile platforms for sensing and nonlinear *** example,these microresonators have shown potential in nanoparticle sizing and counting,as well as enhancing the single-photon optomechanical coupling rate of stimulated Brillouin ***,it has been observed that the relation between the mode linewidth and on-resonance transmission of the split supermodes differs obviously from that of the non-split *** behavior is typically quantified by the coupling ideality(I),which remains inadequately explored for the standing-wave *** this study,we theoretically and experimentally investigate the coupling ideality of standing-wave supermodes in a commonly employed configuration involving a Si O2microresonator side-coupled to a tapered *** findings demonstrate that,even with a single-mode tapered fiber,the coupling ideality of the standing-wave supermodes is limited to 0.5,due to the strong backscattering-induced energy loss into the counter-propagating direction,resulting in an additional equivalent parasitic *** achieving a coupling ideality of 0.5 presents challenges for reaching over-coupled regimes,it offers a convenient approach for adjusting the total linewidth of the modes while maintaining critically-coupled conditions.

关键词： ideality mode wave

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