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Sources appointment and health risks of PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements in a coastal city of southeastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 561-571页

作者： Ziyi Lin Xiaolong Fan Gaojie Chen Youwei Hong Mengren Li Lingling Xu Baoye Hu Chen Yang Yanting Chen Zhiqian Shao Jinsheng Chen Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Lab of urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy ofSciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000China

To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Ba,Pb)in PM_(2.5)were monitored from December 2020 to November 2021 in a representative city,*** concentrations of trace elements in Xiamen displayed an obvious seasonal variation and were dominated by K,Fe,Al,Ca and *** on Positive Matrix Factorization analysis,source appointment revealed that the major sources of trace elements in Xiamen were traffic,dust,biomass and firework combustion,industrial manufacture and shipping *** to health risk assessment combined with the source appointment results,it indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk was below the threshold and cancer risk of four hazardous metals(Cr,Ni,As,Pb)exceeded the threshold(10^(-6)).Traffic-related source had almost half amount of contribution to the health risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound trace *** the dust transport period or Spring Festival period,the health risks exceeded an acceptable threshold even an order of magnitude higher,suggesting that the serious health risks still existed in low PM_(2.5)environment at certain *** risk assessment reminded that the health risk reduction in PM_(2.5)at southeastern China should prioritize traffic-related hazardous trace elements and highlighted the importance of controlling vehicles emissions in the future.

关键词： PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements Seasonal variations Source appointment Health risks Traffic-related source

A novel strategy of tannery sludge disposal–converting into biochar and reusing for Cr(Ⅵ)removal from tannery wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 637-649页

作者： Zhiwei Li Di Yu Xingdong Wang Xuejiao Liu Zhen Xu Yin Wang CAS Key Laboratory of urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in BeilunNingbo 315830China Key Laboratory of urban Environment and Health Ningbo Observatio

Tannery sludge with high chromium content has been identified as hazardous solid waste due to its potential toxic *** safety disposal and valorization of the tannery sludge remains a *** this study,the chromium stabilization mechanism was systematically investigated during chromium-rich tannery sludge was converted to biochar and the removal performance of the sludge biochar(SBC)for Cr(Ⅵ)from tannery wastewater was also *** results showed that increase in pyrolysis temperature was conductive to the stabilization of Cr and significant reduction of the proportion of Cr(Ⅵ)in *** was confirmed that the stabilization of chromium mainly was attributed to the embedding of chromium in the C matrix and the transformation of the chromium-containing substances from the amorphous Cr(OH)_(3)to the crystalline state,such as(FeMg)Cr_(2)O_(5).The biochar presented high adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅵ)at low pH and the maximal theoretical adsorption capacity of SBC produced at 800°C can reach 352 mg Cr(Ⅵ)/g,the process of which can be well expressed by Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo second order *** electrostatic effect and reduction reaction were dominantly responsible for the Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption by ***,this study provided a novel strategy for the harmless disposal and resource utilization for the solid waste containing chromium in leather industry.

关键词： Chromium-rich tannery sludge Pyrolysis Biochar Stabilizationmechanisms Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption

A justice and innovative way ahead of consumption-based emission accounting approach

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2999-3010页

作者： Qun SHEN Hongbo DUAN Yun TANG Linbing TANG Li SHANG Xinyu DOU Wei WEI Weiqiang CHEN Zhu LIU State Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science&EngineeringShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China School of Economics&Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Lab of urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UnivesityBeijing 100084China

Carbon emission accounting is an important basis for global climate *** on the consumption-based accounting(CBA)method,the characteristics of carbon flow between national,regional,and product processes could be more clearly ***,CBA is more conducive to clarifying the attribution of responsibilities between producers and consumers,with the principles of fairness and *** accounting for carbon emissions in typical countries from 1990 to 2019,we found that the CBA emissions are higher than the production-based accounting(PBA)emissions in major developed countries,while the results are reversed for developing *** the past 30 years,the CBA emissions in targeted developed countries generally have shown a downward trend,while in developing countries,they have shown an upward *** emissions in China have shown a continuous growth trend from 1990 to 2019,but the pace has slowed down significantly over the last ***,the embodied carbon intensity of China’s exports continues to decline,indicating that China is providing more green and low-carbon products to the *** the PV industry as an example,this study further reveals the contribution of specific product industries to the country’s carbon transfer through product carbon footprint *** order to provide a scientific basis for global mitigation and climate governance,it is urgent to innovate a scientific,practical,and standardized CBA technology system.

关键词： Consumption-based accounting Production-based accounting Carbon transfer Carbon footprint

Microstructure and forming mechanism of metals subjected to ultrasonic vibration plastic forming: A mini review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1322-1332页

作者： Qinghe Cui Xuefeng Liu Wenjing Wang Shaojie Tian Vasili Rubanik Vasili Rubanik Jr. Dzmitry Bahrets beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China institute of Technical Acoustics National Academy of SciencesVitebsk 210009Belarus

Compared with traditional plastic forming,ultrasonic vibration plastic forming has the advantages of reducing the forming force and improving the surface quality of the *** technology has a very broad application prospect in industrial *** have conducted extensive research on the ultrasonic vibration plastic forming of metals and laid a deep foundation for the development of this *** this review,metals were classified according to their crystal *** effects of ultrasonic vibration on the microstructure of face-centered cubic,body-centered cubic,and hexagonal close-packed metals during plastic forming and the mech-anism underlying ultrasonic vibration forming were *** main challenges and future research direction of the ultrasonic vibra-tion plastic forming of metals were also discussed.

关键词： ultrasonic vibration plastic forming crystal structure microstructure forming mechanism

Perception-Driven Learning of High-Dynamic Jumping Motions for Single-Legged Robots

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1733-1746页

作者： Nengxiang Sun Fei Meng Sai Gu Botao Liu Xuechao Chen Zhangguo Yu Qiang Huang School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems Ministry of EducationBeijing100081China

Legged robots show great potential for high-dynamic motions in continuous interaction with the physical environment,yet achieving animal-like agility remains significant *** animals usually predict and plan their next locomotion by combining high-dimensional information from proprioception and exteroception,and adjust the stiffness of the body’s skeletal muscle system to adapt to the current *** control methods have limitations in handling high-dimensional state information or complex robot motion that are difficult to plan manually,and Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)algorithms provide new solutions to robot motioncontrol *** by biomimetics theory,we propose a perception-driven high-dynamic jump adaptive learning algorithm by combining DRL algorithms with Virtual Model Control(VMC)*** robot will be fully trained in simulation to explore its motion potential by learning the factors related to continuous jumping while knowing its real-time jumping *** policy trained in simulation is successfully deployed on the bio-inspired single-legged robot testing platform without further *** results show that the robot can achieve continuous and ideal vertical jumping motion through simple training.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning High-dynamic jump Perception driven Single-legged robot

Transplantation of fibrin-thrombin encapsulated human induced neural stem cells promotes functional recovery of spinal cord injury rats through modulation of the microenvironment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 440-446页

作者： Sumei Liu Baoguo Liu Qian Li Tianqi Zheng Bochao Liu Mo Li Zhiguo Chen Cell Therapy Center Beijing Institute of GeriatricsXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseasesand Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of EducationBeijingChina Center of Neural Injury and Repair Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina Center of Parkinson’s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina

Recent studies have mostly focused on engraftment of cells at the lesioned spinal cord,with the expectation that differentiated neurons facilitate *** a few studies have attempted to use transplanted cells and/or biomaterials as major modulators of the spinal cord injury ***,we aimed to investigate the role of microenvironment modulation by cell graft on functional recovery after spinal cord *** neural stem cells reprogrammed from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells,and/or thrombin plus fibrinogen,were transplanted into the lesion site of an immunosuppressed rat spinal cord injury ***,Beattie and Bresnahan score,electrophysiological function,and immunofluorescence/histological analyses showed that transplantation facilitates motor and electrophysiological function,reduces lesion volume,and promotes axonal neurofilament expression at the lesion *** of the graft and niche components revealed that although the graft only survived for a relatively short period(up to 15 days),it still had a crucial impact on the ***,induced neural stem cells and human fibrin reduced the number of infiltrated immune cells,biased microglia towards a regenerative M2 phenotype,and changed the cytokine expression profile at the lesion ***-induced changes of the microenvironment during the acute and subacute stages might have disrupted the inflammatory cascade chain reactions,which may have exerted a long-term impact on the functional recovery of spinal cord injury rats.

关键词： biomaterial fibrinogen functional recovery induced neural stem cell transplantation microenvironment microglia spinal cord injury thrombin

Multimodel Ensemble Forecast of Global Horizontal Irradiance at PV Power Stations Based on Dynamic Variable Weight

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 327-336页

作者： YUAN Bin SHEN Yan-bo DENG Hua YANG Yang CHEN Qi-ying YE Dong MO Jing-yue YAO Jin-feng LIU Zong-hui Public Meteorological Service Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Energy Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Guangzhou institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510641 China institute of urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089 China Center for Earth System Modeling and Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China institute of Desert Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830002 China

In the present study,multimodel ensemble forecast experiments of the global horizontal irradiance(GHI)were conducted using the dynamic variable weight *** study was based on the forecasts of four numerical models,namely,the China Meteorological Administration Wind Energy and Solar Energy Prediction System,the Mesoscale Weather Numerical Prediction System of China Meteorological Administration,the China Meteorological Administration Regional Mesoscale Numerical Prediction System-Guangdong,and the Weather Research and Forecasting Model-Solar,and observational data from four photovoltaic(PV)power stations in Yangjiang City,Guangdong *** results show that compared with those of the monthly optimal numerical model forecasts,the dynamic variable weight-based ensemble forecasts exhibited 0.97%-15.96%smaller values of the mean absolute error and 3.31%-18.40%lower values of the root mean square error(RMSE).However,the increase in the correlation coefficient was not ***,the multimodel ensemble mainly improved the performance of GHI forecasts below 700 W m-2,particularly below 400 W m-2,with RMSE reductions as high as 7.56%-28.28%.In contrast,the RMSE increased at GHI levels above 700 W *** for the key period of PV power station output(02:00-07:00),the accuracy of GHI forecasts could be improved by the multimodel ensemble:the multimodel ensemble could effectively decrease the daily maximum absolute error(AE max)of GHI ***,with increasing forecasting difficulty under cloudy conditions,the multimodel ensemble,which yields data closer to the actual observations,could simulate GHI fluctuations more accurately.

关键词： GHI forecast multimodel ensemble dynamic variable weight PV power station

Controlling secondary flow in high-lift low-pressure turbine using boundary-layer slot suction

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 21-33页

作者： Xiao QU Liunan LI Yingjie ZHANG Xingen LU Junqiang ZHU Yanfeng ZHANG School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Light-Duty Gas-Turbine Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The design of high-lift Low-Pressure Turbines(LPTs)causes the separation of the boundary layer on the suction side of the blade and leads to a strong secondary *** present study aims to minimize secondary losses through endwall slot suction and incoming wakes in a front-loaded high-lift LPT cascade with Zweifel of 1.58 under low Reynolds number of *** slotted schemes for the boundary layer of the endwall were designed(plan A and plan B),and the effects of suction mass flow on secondary flow were *** underlying physics of the endwall boundary layer of the suction and secondary flow under unsteady wakes was *** results show that slot suction at the endwall boundary layer can significantly suppress the secondary flow by removing low-momentum *** A and B significantly reduced the secondary kinetic energy by 44.2%and 36.9%,respectively,compared with the baseline cascade at the suction mass flow ratios of 1%.With an increase in the mass flow ratio of suction,the secondary flow was gradually reduced in both plans A and *** is more beneficial to control the secondary flow to destroy the intersection of the pressure side and suction side of the horseshoe vortex before it develops into a passage *** unsteady wakes,the combined effects of incoming wakes and endwall boundary layer suction can further suppress the secondary flow at the suction mass flow ratios of 2%for plan A,because the positive and negative vorticity inside upstream wakes accelerated the mixing of the main flow and secondary flow and thus increased the energy of secondary vortices.

关键词： Low-pressure turbine Secondary flow Flow control Boundary-layer suction Incoming wake

Prevention and control strategies for antibiotic resistance:from species to community level

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 17-34页

作者： Yan-Zi Wang Hu Li Qing-Lin Chen Ting Pan Yong-Guan Zhu Dirk Springael Jian-Qiang Su Key Laboratory of urban Environment and Health Ningbo Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Division of Soil and Water Management KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 20 Box 24593001 HeverleeBelgium

Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)in the environment pose serious threats to environmental security and public *** is an urgent need for methods to specifically and effectively control environmental pollution or pathogen infection associated with ARGs and *** review aims to provide an overview of methods abating the prevalence and spread of ARGs and ARB from species to community *** the species level,species-specific technologies,such as nanoparticle-,photosensitizer-,CRISPR-Cas-,and phage-related technology can be utilized to clear a particular class of ARGs or ARB,and in combination with low-dose antibiotics,a higher removal efficiency can be ***,the combination of antibiotics can be used to reverse microbial resistance and treat recurrent antibiotic resistant pathogen *** the community level,community-specific strategies,such as biochar,hyperthermophilic compost,and fecal microbiota transplantation can eradicate most types of ARGs or ARB in one shot,reducing the probability of resistance *** some progress has been made to eliminate ARGs and ARB in disease treatment or decontamination scenarios,further research is still needed to elucidate their mechanisms of action and scopes of application,and efforts should be made to explore novel strategies to counter the prevalence of antibiotic resistance.

关键词： antibiotic resistance genes antibiotic resistant bacteria treatment strategy disinfection