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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 8-19页

作者： We Si Ruisheng Wang Mingde Wu Long Yang Guoqing Li Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China qinghai academy of agriculture and forestry Sciences Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghai Province810016China

Five stems of rapeseed with abundant black microsclerotia were collected from Huangyuan County of qinghai Province,China,and fungal isolates were obtained from the *** were identified based on morphology,molecular features and specific PCR *** results showed that the 10 fungal isolates belonged to Verticillium longisporum lineage A1/*** of the 10 isolates(HW7-1)was tested for virulence on three species of rapeseed,including *** Zhongshuang 9,*** Qingyou 9 and *** Tayou 2 by conidia inoculation of HW7-1 on roots of young *** seedlings were inoculated with *** conidia or water *** seedlings of these treatments were transplanted in culture mix and incubated in a growth chamber(20℃).Results suggested that the control seedlings of three cultivars appeared quite healthy,while the seedlings inoculated with HW7-1 turned yellowing leaves,seedling stunting or even death after 22 days *** was re-isolated from he yellow leaves,thus fulfilling Koch's ***,compared to the control treatments,inoculation with HW7-1 caused flowering delay and seed yield reduction on Tayou 2 with production of microsclerotia on the *** our knowledge,this is the first report of *** lineage A1/D3 on rapeseed in northwestern China.

关键词： Verticillium longisporum lineage A1/D3 Virulence Rapeseed China

Long-term thinning decreases the contribution of heterotrophic respiration to soil respiration in subalpine plantations

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Journal of forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 189-204页

作者： Longfei Chen Zhibin He Wenzhi Zhao Xi Zhu Qin Shen Mingdan Song Zhengpeng Li Junqia Kong Shuping Yang Yuan Gao Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China State forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Environmental Management Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People's Republic of China academy of agriculture and forestry Sciences Qinghai UniversityXining 810000People's Republic of China College of Landscape Architecture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 310000People's Republic of China

Interest in the dynamics of soil respiration(R_(S))in subalpine forest ecosystems is increasing due to their high soil carbon density and potential sensitivity to environmental ***,as a principal silvicultural practice,the long-term impacts of thinning on R_(S) and its heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration components(R_(h) and Ra,respectively)in subalpine plantations are poorly understood,espe-cially in winter.A 3-year field observation was carried out with consideration of winter CO_(2) efflux in middle-aged sub-alpine spruce plantations in northwestern China.A trench-ing method was used to explore the long-term impacts of thinning on Rs,Rn and R_(a).Seventeen years after thinning,mean annual Rs,Rn and R_(a) increased,while the contribu-tion of R_(h) to R_(s) decreased with thinning *** significantly decreased winter R,because of the reduction in R_(n) but had no significant effect on *** temperature sensitivity(Q_(10))of R_(h) and R_(a) also increased with thinning intensity,with lower Q_(10) values for R_(h)(2.1-2.6)than for Ra(2.4-2.8).The results revealed the explanatory variables and pathways related to R_(n) and R_(a) *** increased soil moisture and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),and the enhanced nitrogen and water availability promoted R_(h) and R_(a) by improving fine root biomass and microbial *** results highlight the positive roles of NO_(3)^(-)-N in stimulating R_(s) components following long-term ***,applications of nitrogen fertilizer are not recommended while thinning subalpine spruce plantations from the perspective of reducing soil CO_(2) *** increased Q_(10) values of R_(s) components indicate that a large increase in soil CO_(2) emissions would be expected following thinning because of more pronounced climate warming in alpineregions.

关键词： Heterotrophic respiration Autotrophic respiration Long-term thinning impacts Cold seasons Subalpine plantations Temperature sensitivity

ShCTR1 Interacts with ShRBOH1 to Positively Regulate Aerenchyma Formation in Saussurea inversa through ROS Mediation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 1023-1042页

作者： Wubin Dai Xiuting Ju Guomin Shi Jialei Guo Tao He School of agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai UniversityXining810016China Key Laboratory of Landscape Plants of qinghai Province Qinghai UniversityXining810016China School of Ecol-Environmental Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining810016China State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining810016China

Saussurea inversa is one of the Tibetan medicine with developed *** this study,we investigated the function of the ShCTR1 gene related to the formation of *** study of the occurrence and formation of aerenchyma in *** has certain theoretical significance in revealing the special mechanism of alpine plants adapting to the *** results of yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that *** ShCTR1 interacted with the ShRBOH1,which is a key producer of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and it was hypothesized that ShCTR1 regulation of aerenchyma formation in *** mainly mediated by *** induction and inhibition experiments were carried out on *** seedlings,it was shown that ROS inducer(AT)and Ethene(ETH)induced the formation of aerenchyma in *** well in roots,stems,and leaves,and Ethylene inhibitor(1-MCP)and ROS inhibitor DPI(diphenylene iodonium)inhibited the formation of aerenchyma of *** in different degrees,which proved that ROS and ethylene(ET)were positively correlated with the formation of ***,AT and ETH well induced the expression of the ShCTR1 gene,and 1-MCP and DPI inhibited the expression of the ShCTR1 gene to different degrees,which proved that ROS and ET were also positively correlated with the expression of the ShCTR1 ***1 was transferred into tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.),then repeat the above *** was shown that positive rate and porosity were lowest and highest after DPI and AT treatments,respectively,it showed a positive correlation,which proved that the ShCTR1 gene was positively regulating the formation of *** of the ShCTR1 gene increased the content of ROS,consequently,the regulation of aerenchyma formation by the ShCTR1 gene is mainly mediated by *** suggested that the formation of aerenchyma in *** was related to hypoxia in the alpine environment,and ShCTR1 interacts with ShRBOH1 to positively regulate the formation of a

关键词： Saussurea inversa aerenchyma ROS gene function

Review of the detasseling techniques for maize(Zea mays L.)hybrid seed production

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 1-11页

作者： Ruirui Zhang Jiaxuan Yang Liping Chen Chenchen Ding Longlong Li Linhuan Zhang National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for agriculture Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China National Center of International Research on Agricultural Aerial Application Technology Beijing 100097China Research Center of Intelligent Equipment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Maize(Zea mays L.)is a critical staple crop globally,integral to human consumption,food security,and agricultural product *** quality and purity of maize seeds,essential for hybrid seed production,are contingent upon effective *** study investigates the evolution of detasseling technologies and their application in Chinese maize hybrid seed production,with a comparative analysis against the United States.A comprehensive examination of the development and utilization of detasseling technology in Chinese maize hybrid seed production was undertaken,with a specific focus on key *** from the United States were included for comparative *** analysis encompassed various detasseling methods,including manual,semi-mechanized,and cytoplasmic male sterility,as well as more recent innovations such as detasseling machines,and the emerging field of intelligent detasseling driven by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),computer vision,and mechanical *** detasseling methods were predominantly employed by *** the challenges of inflexible and occasionally overlooked,applying detasseling machines is efficient and *** present,China’s detasseling operations in hybrid maize seed production are mainly carried out by manual work,which is labor-intensive and *** order to address this issue,China is dedicated to developing intelligent detasseling *** study emphasizes the critical role of detasseling in hybrid maize seed *** United States has embraced mechanized *** application and development of manual and mechanized detasseling were applied later than those in the United States,but latest intelligent detasseling technologies first appeared in *** detasseling is expected to be the future direction,ensuring the quality and efficiency of hybrid maize seed production,with implications for global food security.

关键词： detasseling technique detasseling machine UAVs intelligent agriculture maize hybrid seed production

Response of maize growth and soil biological characteristics to planting density under fertigation in a semi-arid region

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 186-192页

作者： Peng Jiang Lei Li Dejia Xu Rui Wang Quan Sun School of forestry and Prataculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750002China School of agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Increasing the planting density can exacerbate crop competition for water,nutrients and space which results in a decline in the crop ***,the effect of increasing planting density on crop growth and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy land in the semi-arid regions are still *** this study,we investigated the effects of six planting densities(5.4×10^(4),6.45×10^(4),7.95×10^(4),9.5×10^(4),9.75×10^(4) and 10.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2))on maize growth,photosynthesis characteristics,yield and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy soil in the semi-arid region of Ningxia,*** results indicated that the stem diameter and spike length decreased linearly with increasing planting *** plant height,spike weight,grain weight and 100-grain weight decreased with increasing plating ***,the root length increased with increasing planting *** diameter,volume and activity increased and then decreased with increasing planting *** was no significant difference(p>0.05)in the effect of planting density on transpiration rate intercellular CO_(2) *** well,the soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen decreased with increasing planting *** soil catalase activities increased and then decreased with increasing planting *** alkaline phosphatase activity,the amounts of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased with increasing planting ***,a moderately increasing planting density can improve maize yield when water and nutrients are *** optimal planting density was 8.29×10^(4) plants/hm^(2) and the highest yield was 15.84 t/hm^(2) in barren sandy soil in semi-arid region of Ningxia,*** study provides a theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency of maize.

关键词： maize growth planting density yield fertigation soil enzyme activity

Efficient and precise genomic deletion in rice using enhanced prime editing

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 214-218页

作者： Mengyuan Liu Xiang Zhang Wen Xu Guiting Kang Ya Liu Xinxiang Liu Wen Ren Jiuran Zhao Jinxiao Yang Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Efficient and precise genomic deletion shows promise for investigating the function of proteins in plant research and enhancing agricultural *** this study,we tested the PRIME-Del(PDel)strategy using a pair of prime editing guide RNAs(pegRNAs)that targeted opposite DNA strands and achieved an average deletion efficiency of 55.8%for 60 bp fragment deletions at six endogenous ***,as high as 84.2%precise deletion efficiency was obtained for a 2000 bp deletion at the OsGS1 site in transgenic rice *** add the bases that were unintentionally deleted between the two nicking sequences,we used the PDel/Syn strategy,which introduced multiple synonymous base mutations in the region that had to be patched in the RT *** PDel/Syn strategy achieved an average of 58.1%deletion efficiency at six endogenous targets,which was higher than the PDel *** strategies presented in this study contribute to achieving more accurate and flexible deletions in transgenic rice plants.

关键词： Prime editing Precise genomic deletion CRISPR Cas9

LociScan,a tool for screening genetic marker combinations for plant variety discrimination

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 583-593页

作者： Yang Yang Hongli Tian Hongmei Yi Zi Shi Lu Wang Yaming Fan Fengge Wang Jiuran Zhao Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Maize Research InstituteBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of plant genetic marker fingerprinting for variety discrimination,it is desirable to identify the optimal marker *** describe a marker combination screening model based on the genetic algorithm(GA)and implemented in a software tool,Loci ***-based variety discrimination power provided the largest optimization space among multiple fitness *** GA parameters,an increase in population size and generation number enlarged optimization depth but also calculation *** algorithm afforded the same optimization depth as GA but vastly increased calculation *** comparison with two other software tools,Loci Scan accommodated missing data,reduced calculation time,and offered more fitness *** large datasets,the sample size of training data exerted the strongest influence on calculation time,whereas the marker size of training data showed no effect,and target marker number had limited effect on analysis speed.

关键词： Plant variety discrimination Genetic marker combination Variety discrimination power Genetic algorithm

Effect of chemical regulators on the recovery of leaf physiology,dry matter accumulation and translocation,and yield-related characteristics in winter wheat following dry-hot wind

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 108-121页

作者： Yanan Xu Yue Wu Yan Han Jiqing Song Wenying Zhang Wei Han Binhui Liu Wenbo Bai Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Dryland Farming Research Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesHengshui 053000China Shandong General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension Jinan 250100China

Dry-hot wind stress causes losses in wheat productivity in major growing regions worldwide,especially winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China,and both the occurrence and severity of such events are likely to increase with global climate *** investigate the recovery of physiological functions and yield formation using a new noncommercial chemical regulator(NCR)following dry-hot wind stress,we conducted a three-year field experiment(2018-2021)with sprayed treatments of tap water(control),monopotassium phosphate(CKP),NCR at both the jointing and flowering stages(CFS),and NCR only at the jointing stage(FSJ)or flowering stage(FSF).The leaf physiology,biomass accumulation and translocation,grain-filling process,and yield components in winter wheat were *** the single spraying treatments,the FSJ treatment was beneficial for the accumulation of dry matter before anthesis,as well as larger increases in the maximum grain-filling rate and mean grain-filling *** FSF treatment performed better in maintaining a high relative chlorophyll content as indicated by the SPAD value,and a low rate of excised leaf water loss in flag leaves,promoting dry matter accumulation and the contribution to grain after anthesis,prolonging the duration of grain filling,and causing the period until the maximum grain-filling rate reached *** CFS treatment was better than any other treatments in relieving the effects of dry-hot *** exogenous NCR treatments significantly increased grain yields by 12.45-18.20% in 2018-2019,8.89-13.82% in 2019-2020,and 8.10-9.00% in *** conventional measure of the CKP treatment only increased grain yield by 6.69% in *** CFS treatment had the greatest mitigating effect on yield loss under dry-hot wind stress,followed by the FSF and FSJ treatments,and the CKP treatment only had a minimal *** summary,the CFS treatment could be used as the main chemical control measure for wheat stress resistance and yield

关键词： preparation stress foliar spraying grain-filling remobilization

Dynamics and functionalities of bacterial community during foxtail millet dough fermentation by metagenomic analysis

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第4期4卷 343-352页

作者： Junli Liu Wei Zhao Aixia Zhang Pengliang Li Jingke Liu Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050000China

Sourdough flavors were closely related to microbial *** microbial diversity of foxtail millet dough during fermentation has never been ***,the metabolic potential and diversity of the bactenial community were analyzed by metagenomic during dough *** was the dominant phylum in the dough,within heterofementative lactic acid bacteria(***,Limosilactobacillus,Pediococcus and Lactobacillus)as the most abundant *** was gradually inhibited after ***_crustorum was notably found abundant during dough ***_fermentum increased markedly during fermentation,while Companilactobacillus_cnustorum decreased *** futher exploration,genes associated with metabolism were annotated through ***,Companilactobacillus and Pediococcus were actively engaged in glycolysis(ko00010),starch and sucrose metabolism(ko00500),and pyruvate metabolism(ko00620),leading in part to 1actic and acetic acid acumulations and dough *** and Lactiplantibacillus were the main contributors to key aninopeptidases ox/and transaminases involved in amino acid metabolism,which was nesponsible for flavor metabolite *** study will provide an enhanced understanding of the predominance and diversity of dough bactenial communities,and contribute to future strain screening in the dough for better flavor.

关键词： Sourdough Foxtail millet Metagenomics Gilycolysis Amino acid biosynthesis

Potentially Suitable Area and Change Trends of Tulipa iliensis under Climate Change

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 981-1005页

作者： Douwen Qin Weiqiang Liu Jiting Tian Xiuting Ju College of agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai UniversityXining810016China Key Laboratory of qinghai Province for Landscape Plants Research Plateau Flower Research CentreQinghai UniversityXining810016China

Tulipa iliensis,as a wild plant resource,possesses high ornamental value and can provide abundant parental materials for tulip *** objective of this research was to forecast the worldwide geographical spread of Tulipa iliensis by considering bioclimatic,soil,and topographic variables,the findings of this research can act as a benchmark for the conservation,management,and utilization of Tulipa iliensis as a wild plant *** results indicate that all 12 models have an area under curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)values greater than 0.968 for the paleoclimatic,current,and future climate scenarios,this suggests an exceptionally high level of predictive accuracy for the *** distribution of Tulipa iliensis is influenced by several key *** factors include the mean temperature of the driest quarter(Bio9),calcium carbonate content(T_CACO3),slope,precipitation of the driest month(Bio14),Basic saturation(T_BS),and precipitation of the coldest quarter(Bio19).During the three paleoclimate climate scenarios,the appropriate habitats for Tulipa iliensis showed a pattern of expansion-contraction ***,the total suitable area accounted for 13.38%,12.28%,and 13.28%of the mainland area,*** to the current climate scenario,the High-suitability area covers 61.78472×10^(4)km^(2),which accounts for 6.57%of the total suitable area,The Midsuitability area covers 190.0938×10^(4)km^(2),accounting for 20.2%of the total suitable area,this represents a decrease of 63.53%~67.13%compared to the suitable area of Tulipa iliensis under the paleoclimate *** the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios,in 2050 and 2090,Tulipa iliensis is projected to experience a decrease in the High,Mid,and Low-suitability areas under the SSP126 climate scenario by 7.10%~12.96%,2.96%~4.27%and 4.80%~7.96%,*** to the SSP245 scenario,the high suitability area experienced a slight expansion of

关键词： Tulipa iliensis MaxEnt model climate change distribution of suitable habitats