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Preparing for Pillars One and Two: How Tax Administrations Can Get Ahead of the Game

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2022年第1期3卷 68-76页

作者： Edwin Visser Fieke van der Vlist Pedro Schoueri Jurriaan Weerman pwc netherlands

Implementing and complying with the requirements of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework’s Two-Pillar solution presents enormous practical challenges for taxpayers and tax *** least of these is a complex data challenge with over 120 data points needed for Pillar 2 *** tackle these effectively,tax administrations should work with each other,and with taxpayers,to develop a coordinated approach drawing on the concept of Cooperative *** an approach should aim to reduce the administrative burden,increase certainty,and provide a joint learning curve for tax administrations and *** the right data systems and training people to work with the data will take time and need to start now;if businesses and tax administrations wait until all the rules and regulations have been finalised,it will be too *** addition,the Pillar 2 Model Rules do not provide for a multilateral mechanism to determine and allocate the top-up *** Belt and Road Initiative jurisdictions could consider working together to develop a binding mechanism to allocate the top-up tax between themselves.

关键词： Pillar 2 Pillar 1 Tax administration Tax certainty Cooperative compliance

Insights from an academic endeavor into central nervous system drug discovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1717-1718页

作者： Lieve van Veggel An M.Voets Tim Vanmierlo Rudy Schreiber BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Life SciencesHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology Division of Translational NeuroscienceEuropean Graduate School of NeuroscienceSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Section of Psychopharmacology Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands University MS Center(UMSC) Hasselt-PeltBelgium

Historically,"big pharma"did most central nervous system drug discovery R&D ***,in modern times their"management reductionism"resulted in disappointing pipelines and pharma resided to(late)development,regulatory approval,and marketing(Thong,2015).This had significant consequences for financing and executing research,resulting in a larger role for funding by governments and patient-organizations and a shift of research to academia(Mazzucato,2013).

关键词： academic approval consequences

Reducing the Tax Burden?Opportunity to Craft a Balanced Approach under Pillar Two

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2024年第1期5卷 70-80页

作者： Edwin Visser Blazej Kuzniacki Pedro Schoueri Dept.Global Tax Policy pwc netherlands

The global minimum tax impacts the effectiveness of tax *** countries view tax burden reduction as a necessary lever to promote foreign direct investment(FDI)and economic *** this article,the authors provide a broader *** proposed holistic approach may offer insights to lowincome and emerging countries in facing current challenges in the sphere of taxation and economic growth.

关键词： Enhancing FDI Reducing tax burden Tax mix Tax and non-tax factors Adjusting tax system to Pillar Two

Targeting Epac2 and GluA3-containing AMPARs:a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3223-3224页

作者： Tong Zhang Martina Schmidt Department of Molecular Pharmacology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands School of Pharmacy Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests progressive decline in memory and *** the early stage of AD,memory retrieval is impaired preceding memory acquisition and consolidation(Roy et al.,2016).Prior to the onset of symptoms,pathological amyloid-β(Aβ)plagues and tau protein tangles accumulate in extracellular and intracellular spaces,respectively,leading to *** these hallmark pathologies,Aβ is proposed to be the primary etiology by triggering a cascade of pathogenic events,including neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,tau hyperphosphorylation,synaptic/neuronal dysfunction,and neuronal death(Zhang et al.,2023b).

关键词： Alzheimer impaired Aβ

Movement analysis in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 485-486页

作者： Johannes Burtscher Nicolas Bourdillon Jules MJanssen Daalen Aurélien Patoz Julien FBally Martin Kopp Davide Malatesta Bastiaan RBloem Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Radboud University Medical Center Department of NeurologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviorCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersNijmegenThe Netherlands Radboud University Medical Center Department of Medical BioSciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands Research and Development Department Volodalen Swiss Sport LabAigleSwitzerland Service of Neurology Department of Clinical NeurosciencesLausanne University Hospital(CHUV)and University of Lausanne(UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria

Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disease,at first sight primarily characterized by motor symptoms,although non-motor symptoms also constitute a major part of the overall ***,this disease cannot be diagnosed reliably until a large part of the vulnerable dopaminergic neurons has been irretrievably lost,and the disease progresses *** biological criteria for PD have been proposed recently and might eventually improve early diagnosis,but they require further validation,and their use will initially be restricted to a research environment(Darweesh et al.,2024).

关键词： diagnosis Clinical eventually

Availability and quality of procedural sedation and analgesia in emergency departments without emergency physicians: A national survey in the netherlands

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第2期11卷 69-73页

作者： Maybritt IKuypers Adinda Klijn Nieke EMullaart-Jansen Frans BPlötz Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdamthe Netherlands Emergency Department DijklanderziekenhuisHoornthe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Tergooi HospitalBlaricumthe Netherlands

BACKGROUND: Emergency physicians have been successful in implementing procedural sedation and analgesia(PSA) to treat emergency department(ED) patients who need to undergo painful ***, 25% of the EDs in the netherlands are not staffed by emergency *** aim of this study was to investigate PSA availability and quality in EDs without emergency ***: We performed an exploratory cross-sectional study amongst ED nurses and physicians in all 13 EDs without emergency physicians in the *** were gathered using a standardized ***: The response rate was 34.3%(148/432).Of the respondents, 84/148(56.8%) provided adult PSA and 30/148(20.3%) provided paediatric *** reasons for not providing PSA were insufficient numbers of trained staff to support PSA in the ED and insufficient training and *** providers agreed significantly stronger when reflecting their PSA competencies in adults compared to paediatric ***: The key to improve pain management in the ED-setting may lay in investing in continuous training of ED health care professionals and/or acquiring professionals who are both qualified in PSA and available in the ED.

关键词： Procedural sedation and analgesia Emergency departments Emergency physicians

Adopting Health Apps, What’s Hindering Doctors and Patients?

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Health 2014年第16期6卷 2204-2217页

作者： Farhang Dehzad Cokky Hilhorst Cas de Bie Eric Claassen Athena Institute Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences VU University Amsterdam The Netherlands pwc Advisory Amsterdam The Netherlands

There are high expectations for Mobile Health to transform health into a sustainable and prevention-based system. Unfortunately it has not reached its scale of adoption many had hoped for, due to the existence of adoption barriers. More insight into these barriers fosters adoption of mHealth and the innovation it can bring to worldwide healthcare. This study investigates the main barriers in the adoption of mHealth, their underlying causes and their breakthrough possibilities. All the data are gathered from an international and multi-stakeholder point of view. First of all we tried to identify the main barriers by doing an international literature study. Second of all we asked Dutch mHealth Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) to rank the barriers to importance. These KOLs were from different stakeholder groups;policy-makers, users and developers. At last we asked the KOLs in interviews for underlying causes and breakthrough opportunities of the barriers. Eventually twelve main adoption barriers emerged. According to literature and to the KOLs the most important barriers are “Integration and interoperability” and “Business case”. An underlying cause for the barrier “Integration and interoperability” might be the active closed power system of technology suppliers, which exists in the netherlands. Furthermore there seems to be a difference in the importance of the barriers “Privacy and security” and “Conservative culture” when perceptions of Dutch KOLS and international literature are compared. Within the stakeholders-groups, the KOLs think differently about the importance of the barriers “Visionless development” and “Competing payment mechanism”. The Dutch healthcare insurers could take a more leading role in the fragmented landscape of mHealth in the netherlands, by strategically funding new initiatives that use open standards and deliver better value for end-users. Other chances might lie in the international cooperation between countries to overcome certain barriers.

关键词： Mobile Health Adoption Barriers Health Innovation

SUSTAINABLE DECENTRALIZED ENERGY GENERATION&SANITATION:CASE EVA LANXMEER,CULEMBORG,THE netherlands

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Journal of Green Building 2007年第4期2卷 137-150页

作者： A.van Timmeren D.Sidler M.Kaptein Delft University of Technology Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment Building TechnologyNetherlands CORE International Lochemthe Netherlands Stichting EVA Culemborgthe Netherlands

The use of decentralized systems at district,neighbourhood or local scale could introduce new urban functions,options for self-sufficiency of public buildings or entire districts and improved commitment of *** paper focuses on the integration of a‘combined waste(wastewater)/energy system’for an urban neighbourhood(the deep green district‘EVA Lanxmeer’in Culemborg,the netherlands)integrated in a semi-public building:the‘EVA Centre’.The district consists of 250 houses(partially under construction),offices and a‘City farm’.The district is situated in an ecologically sensitive area,because it concerns a drinking water extraction and retention *** is the integrated approach,closing cycles of nutrients,water and carbon and integrating energy generation and waste management through cascading qualities and use of the concept of *** innovative mixture of‘red and green’development is presented(urban agriculture).The design of the district and the EVA Centre is mainly based on permaculture and organic design ***,the concept of combined decentralized systems is based on anaerobic digestion(with treatment of‘black waste water’and organic waste/garden&park waste),Combined Heat Power(CHP).An accompanying closed greenhouse,designed as a four storey high double skin façade of the semi-public building,with integrated wastewater treatment for parts of the wastewater flows based on the Living Machine concept is added for educational *** this vertical green house with‘hanging gardens’heat(and water)recovery and use of the surplus CO2 of the biogas plant takes place,together with heat/cold storage in an underlying *** concept is called‘Sustainable Implant’(or in short:S.I.).The *** be realized as a part of the EVA Centre and has an interconnecting role between both residential district and EVA Centre,inhabitants and *** the social context concerning the people living in this urban neighborhood,the role of the

关键词： wastewater CASE integrating

Organizing resilient infrastructure initiatives:A study on conceptualization,motivation,and operation of ten initiatives in the netherlands

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2023年第3期2卷 120-128页

作者： Yirang Lim Johan Ninan Sibout Nooteboom Marcel Hertogh Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geoscience Section Integral Design and ManagementDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands Erasmus University Rotterdamthe Netherlands

Resilient infrastructure is critical to a sustainable and functioning *** management and(re)development are highly complex processes encompassing various stakeholders’interests while they are pres-sured by the uncertainty of climate change and social *** response to these challenges,various resilience initiatives emerged with different motivations and *** purpose of this research is to understand the interplay between motivations and organizational approaches as well as resilience *** can provide insights into which domains of resilience have been focused on and what needs to be improved in their or-ganizational approaches to realize *** research specifically investigates ten resilient infrastructure initiatives in the *** using scoping review and content analysis,our results highlight that resilience initiatives conceptualize resilience in different ways,mainly focusing on built and organizational resilience with a focus on long-term and wider geographic *** initiative had several motivations,including 1)creat-ing innovative solutions,2)sharing knowledge,3)promoting commitment and cooperation,and 4)promoting *** motivations are reflected in the organizational *** example,there was a strong link between the motivation‘creating shared knowledge’and the organizational approach‘research collaboration.’Generic motivation such as‘promoting resilience’does not have one mainstreaming approach,which shows promoting resilience in practice is still in the exploration *** research provides major motivations and organizational approaches and their link within the resilient infrastructure initiatives which can contribute to better organizing similar initiatives aiming for resilient infrastructure.

关键词： Sustainable and resilient infrastructure Initiative netherlands Organization Qualitative