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Aqueous-phase formation of N-containing secondary organic compounds affected by the ionic strength

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 88-101页

作者： Yuqi Gan Xiaohui Lu Shaodong Chen Xinghua Jiang Shanye Yang Xiewen Ma Mei Li Fan Yang Yewen Shi Xiaofei Wang shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Great Bay Area Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air PollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina Environmental Monitoring Station of Pudong New district Shanghai 201200China shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Shanghai 200336China

The reaction of carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal conversion in the atmospheric aqueous phase is a critical pathway to produce the light-absorbing N-containing secondary organic compounds(SOC).The formation mechanism of these compounds has been wildly investigated in bulk solutions with a low ionic strength.However,the ionic strength in the aqueous phase of the polluted atmosphere may be higher.It is still unclear whether and to what extent the inorganic ions can affect the SOC formation.Here we prepared the bulk solution with certain ionic strength,in which glyoxal and ammonium were mixed to mimic the aqueous-phase reaction.Molecular characterization by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry was performed to identify the N-containing products,and the light absorption of the mixtures was measured by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.Thirty-nine N-containing compounds were identified and divided into four categories(N-heterocyclic chromophores,high-molecular-weight compounds with N-heterocycle,aliphatic imines/hemiaminals,and the unclassified).It was observed that the longer reaction time and higher ionic strength led to the formation of more N-heterocyclic chromophores and the increasing of the lightabsorbance of the mixture.The added inorganic ions were proposed to make the aqueous phase somewhat viscous so that the molecules were prone to undergo consecutive and intramolecular reactions to form the heterocycles.In general,this study revealed that the enhanced ionic strength and prolonged reaction time had the promotion effect on the lightabsorbing SOC formation.It implies that the aldehyde-derived aqueous-phase SOC would contribute more light-absorbing particulate matter in the industrial or populated area where inorganic ions are abundant.

关键词： Ionic strength Carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal Heterocyclic Brown carbon Mass spectrometry Aqueous-phase reaction

Mobile genetic elements facilitate the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from duck farms

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 729-735页

作者： Xin’er Zheng Dingting Xu Jinchang Yan Min Qian Peng Wang Davood Zaeim Jianzhong Han Daofeng Qu School of Food Science and Biotechnology Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310035China The Second Affiliated Hospital School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311100China Agricultural and rural bureau of Wangdian Town Xiuzhou DistrictJiaxing 314011China

Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms in Zhejiang Province,China,were investigated.A total of 215 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli(64.65%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.09%),Proteus mirabilis(10.23%),Salmonella(8.84%),and Enterobacter cloacae(4.19%).Meanwhile,all isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics.Most isolates carried tet(A)(85.12%),blaTEM(78.60%)and sul1(67.44%)resistance genes.Gene co-occurrence analysis showed that the resistance genes were associated with IS26 and integrons.A conjugative IncFII plasmid pSDM004 containing all the above MGEs was detected in Proteus mirabilis isolate SDM004.This isolate was resistant to 18 antibiotics and carried the blaNDM-5 gene.MGEs,especially plasmids,are the primary antibiotic resistance gene transmission route in duck farms.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of antibiotics in farms which are substantial for evaluating public health and food safety.

关键词： Duck farm Mobile genetic element Antibiotic resistance gene Plasmid Food safety

Clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride on mild-to-moderate depression

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 848-856页

作者： Yi Wang Qun Lu Ittipalanukul Penpat Juan Wu Dilinuer Abulikemu Fei-Cui Zeng Jia-Ying Huang Zhi-Hai Hu Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineThe Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200082China Department of Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineThe Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200082China Department of Postgraduate Student Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Radiology Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineThe Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200082China Department of General Practice Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Shuguang HospitalShanghai 200120China General Practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine North Bund Street Community Health Service CenterShanghai 200080China General Practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Hongkou District Jiaxing Road Community Health Service CenterShanghai 200082China

BACKGROUND Depression is a common,chronic,and recurrent mood disorder that has become a worldwide health hazard.Fluoxetine hydrochloride,a common treatment method,can inhibit 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)recycling in the presynaptic membrane;however,the efficacy of a single drug is inadequate.At present,mildto-moderate depression can be treated with acupuncture of ghost caves,but the clinical curative effect of combined therapy with fluoxetine hydrochloride has not been sufficiently reported.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression.METHODS This retrospective study included 160 patients with mild-to-moderate depression who were admitted to shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Affiliated to shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2022 and June 2023.Patients were separated into a single-agent group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment,n=80)and a coalition group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment combined with acupuncture at ghost points,n=80).Pre-treatment symptoms were recorded,and the clinical curative effect and adverse reactions[Asberg Antidepressant Side Effects Scale(SERS)]were assessed.Depression before and after treatment[Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)-24],neurotransmitter levels[5-HT,norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA)],oxidative stress indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)],and sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)]were compared.RESULTS The total efficacy rate was 97.50%in the coalition group and 86.25%in the single-agent group(P<0.05).After 2,4,6,and 8 wk of treatment,the HAMD,self-rating depression scale,and SERS scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased compared with pre-treatment,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).After 8 wk of treatment,the levels of NE,DA,5-HT,and SOD in the coalition and single-agent groups increased,while the levels of MDA decreased;th

关键词： Depression Prick Fluoxetine hydrochloride Curative effect Depressive symptoms Oxidative stress index

Efficacy and safety of Yiqi Peiyuan granules for improving the short-term prognosis of patients with acute kidney injury:A multicenter,double-blind,placebo-controlled,randomized trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 279-285页

作者： Jia-jia Wu Tian-yi Zhang Ying-hui Qi Min-yan Zhu Yan Fang Chao-jun Qi Li-ou Cao Ji-fang Lu Bo-han Lu Lu-min Tang Jian-xiao Shen Shan Mou Department of Nephrology Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney DiseaseShanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research CenterUremia Diagnosis and Treatment CenterRenji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Nephrology Shanghai Pudong New Area Punan HospitalShanghai 200125China Department of Nephrology Ningbo Hangzhou Bay HospitalNingbo 315336Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Background:Yiqi Peiyuan(YQPY)prescription,a composite prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to prevent or delay the continued deterioration of renal function after acute kidney injury(AKI)in some institutions and has shown considerable efficacy.Objective:This is the first randomized controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety of YQPY for improving short-term prognosis in adult patients with AKI.Design,setting,participants and interventions:This is a prospective,double-blind,multicenter,randomized,and placebo-controlled clinical trial.A total of 144 enrolled participants were randomly allocated to two groups according to a randomization schedule.Participants,caregivers and investigators assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment.Patients in the YQPY group received 36 g YQPY granules twice a day for 28 days.Patients in the placebo group received a placebo in the same dose as the YQPY granules.Main outcome measures:The primary outcome was the change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)between baseline and after 4 and 24 weeks of treatment.The secondary outcomes were the change of serum creatinine(Scr)level between baseline and after treatment,and the incidence of endpoint events,defined as eGFR increasing by more than 25%above baseline,eGFR>75 mL/min per1.73 m2or the composite endpoint,which was defined as the sum of patients meeting either of the above criteria.Results:Data from a total of 114 patients(59 in the YQPY group and 55 in the control group)were analyzed.The mean changes in eGFR and Scr in weeks 4 and 24 had no difference between the two groups.In further subgroup analysis(22 in the YQPY group and 31 in the control group),the mean change in eGFR after treatment for 4 weeks was 27.39 mL/min per 1.73 m2in the YQPY group and 5.78 mL/min per1.73 m2in the placebo group,and the mean difference between groups was 21.61 mL/min per 1.73 m2(P<0.001).Thirteen(59.1%)patients in the YQPY group and 5(16.1%)in the placebo group reached the composite endpoints(P=0.002).Du

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine Randomized controlled trial Acute kidney injury Renal function

Birth weight, ideal cardiovascular health metrics in adulthood, and incident cardiovascular disease

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第10期137卷 2024 Mar 13页

作者： Sun Ying Wang Bin Yu Yuefeng Wang Yuying Tan Xiao Zhang Jihui Qi Lu Lu Yingli Wang Ningjian Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China School of public health Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA

Background: Prenatal and postnatal factors may have joint effects on cardiovascular health, and we aimed to assess the joint association of birth weight and ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) prospectively in adulthood with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods: In the UK Biobank, 227,833 participants with data on ICVHM components and birth weight and without CVD at baseline were included. The ICVHMs included smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet information, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in men and women.Results: Over a median follow-up period of 13.0 years (2,831,236 person-years), we documented 17,477 patients with incident CVD. Compared with participants with birth weights of 2.5-4.0 kg, the HRs (95% CIs) of CVD among those with low birth weights was 1.08 (1.00-1.16) in men and 1.23 (1.16-1.31) in women. The association between having a birth weight health metrics were jointly related to an increased risk of CVD. Participants with birth weights <2.5 kg and ICVHMs score 0-1 had the highest risk of incident CVD (HR [95% CI]: 3.93 [3.01-5.13] in men; 4.24 [3.33-5.40] in women). The joint effect (HR [95% CI]: 1.36 [1.17-1.58]) could be decomposed into 24.7% (95% CI: 15.0%-34.4%) for a lower birth weight, 64.7% (95% CI: 56.7%-72.6%) for a lower ICVHM score, and 10.6% (95% CI: 2.7%-18.6%) for their additive interaction in women.Conclusions: Birth weight and ICVHMs were jointly related to CVD risk. Attaining a normal birth weight and ideal ICVHMs may reduce the risk of CVD, and a simultaneous improvement of both prenatal and postnatal factors could further prevent additional cases in women.

关键词： Birth weight health metrics Cardiovascular disease Adult Stroke Coronary heart disease

Correlation between Waist Circumference and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Women from shanghai, China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期26卷 531-538页

作者： SHEN Yun ZHANG Lei ZONG Wen Hong WANG Zheng ZHANG Yin YANG Man Jing MA Xiao Jing ZHU Jia An BAO YuQian JIA Wei Ping Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes shanghai Diabetes Institute shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus public health bureau of shanghai zhabei district Gonghexin Road Community health Service Center of Shanghai Zhabei District Tianmuxi Road Community health Service Center of shanghai zhabei district Daning Road Community health Service Center of shanghai zhabei district Department of Ultrasound Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University shanghai Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine

Objective To evaluate whether waist circumference （WC）〉85 cm is related to asymptomatic preclinical atherosclerosis in women from shanghai, China. Methods A total of 2365 females aged 〉20 years recruited from 4 communities underwent physical examination and carotid artery scanning. Their carotid intima-media thickness （C-iMT） was measured. Results The C-IMT was significantly higher in overweight or obese women with their BMI 〉25.0 kg/m2 {P〈O.01） and in those with their WC _〉85 cm than in those with their WC 〈85 cm （P〈O.01）. Spearman and partial correlation analysis showed that the C-IMT was significantly correlated with WC which was independent of menopausal status. The C-IMT significantly increased with the increasing WC and reached to a platform in about 85 cm. An increment tendency was found in the subgroup with its WC 〈 85 cm （P〈O.01） while no significant tendency was found in the subgroup with its WC_〉85 cm （P=0.07）. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the WC was an independent risk factor for C-IMT. In logistic regression model, the odd ratio of WC _〉80 cm, _〉80 cm and 〈85 cm and 〉85 cm for evaluating the risk of C-IMT elevation was 2.632, 2.501, and 1.878, respectively. Conclusion WC is significantly correlated with C-IMT in women from shanghai, China, and WC_〉85 cm may be used in identifying the risk of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.

关键词： Visceral obesity Waist circumference Carotid intima-media thickness

Impact of the COVID-19 kindergarten closure on overweight and obesity among 3-to 7-year-old children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期19卷 469-477页

作者： Xiang Long Xing-Ying Li Hong Jiang Lian-Di Shen Li-Feng Zhang Zheng Pu Xia Gao Mu Li Department of Woman and Child health Care Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital1216 Gaotai RoadJiading DistrictShanghai 201821China School of public health Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment(National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China)Fudan UniversityMailbox 175138 Yixueyuan RoadXuhui DistrictShanghai 200032China Department of Administrative Office Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital1216 Gaotai RoadJiading DistrictShanghai 201821China School of public health The University of SydneySydneyAustralia

Background Knowledge on the impact of the temporary kindergarten closure policy under COVID-19 in 2020 on childhood overweight and obesity is inadequate.We aimed to examine differences in rates of overweight and obesity from 2018 to 2021 among kindergarten children aged 3–7 years.Methods Overweight was defined as body mass index(BMI)>1 standard deviation(SD)for age and sex,and obesity was defined as BMI>2 SD for age and sex.Generalized linear mixed modeling was used for analysis.Results A total of 44,884 children and 71,216 growth data points from all 57 public kindergartens in Jiading district,shanghai,China were analyzed.The rates of obesity from 2018 to 2021 were 6.9%,6.6%,9.5%,and 7.3%in boys and 2.8%,2.8%,4.5%,and 3.1%in girls,respectively.The rates of overweight from 2018 to 2021 were 14.3%,14.3%,18.2%,and 15.3%in boys and 10.6%,10.9%,13.9%,and 11.6%in girls.The rates of obesity and overweight among kindergarten children in 2020 were significantly higher than those in 2018,2019,and 2021.Compared to 2020,the odds ratios of the obesity rate in 2018,2019,and 2021 were 0.67[95%confidence interval(CI)=0.58–0.77,Phealthy lifestyle for children at home under public health emergencies.

关键词： Childhood obesity Childhood overweight Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Kindergarten closure

COVID-19 Vaccination Rates of People Who Use Drugs—Chengdu City,Sichuan Province,China,November 2021–February 2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第37期4卷 817-822,I0002页

作者： Erri Du Pengyu Jiang Chaowei Zhang Shan Zhang Xiangyu Yan Yongjie Li Zhongwei Jia SILC Business School Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina public Security bureau in Qingyang district Chengdu CitySichuan ProvinceSichuanChina School of public health Peking UniversityBeijingChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijingChina Center forIntelligent public health Institute for Artificial IntelligencePeking UniversityBeijingChina Center for Drug Abuse Control and Prevention National Institute of Health Data SciencePeking UniversityBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Few studies have reported that people who use drugs(PWUDs)have much lower coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination rates than the general population,especially with no relative information reported in China specifically.What is added by this report?This study seminally uncovers that the vaccination rate among PWUDs was about 79.34%in one district of Chengdu City,Sichuan Province,China.Assuming that unvaccinated PWUDs with disease records were really not eligible for vaccination,the vaccination rate goes up to 87.25%among the studied PWUDs.The study implies that PWUDs were not left behind in the vaccination drive against COVID-19 in China.What are the implications for public health practice?In pandemics like COVID-19,government leadership and the overall planning and distribution of public health products are critical in achieving national health equity.However,in order to do this as well as avoid discrimination or exclusion among specific portions of the general population,it’s necessary to understand the vaccination rates and behaviors of at-risk groups such as PWUD’s.

关键词： vaccination Chengdu district

Mixing states and secondary formation processes of organic nitrogen-containing single particles in Guangzhou,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 62-73页

作者： Lijun Yun Chunlei Cheng Suxia Yang Zaihua Wang Mei Li Qi En Zhong LiyuanMao Sulin Liu Xiaoya Cheng Duanying Chen Fan Yang Zhen Zhou Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for on-line source apportionment system of air pollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou 510632China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy ScienceXi’an 710061China Institute for Environment and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Academy of Sciences Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth DevelopmentGuangzhou 510650China Environmental Monitoring Station of Pudong New district Shanghai 201200China

Organic nitrogen(ON)compounds play a significant role in the light absorption of brown carbon and the formation of organic aerosols,however,the mixing state,secondary formation processes,and influencing factors of ON compounds are still unclear.This paper reports on the mixing state of ON-containing particles based on measurements obtained using a highperformance single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in January 2020 in Guangzhou.The ON-containing particles accounted for 21% of the total detected single particles,and the particle count and number fraction of the ON-containing particles were two times higher at night than during the day.The prominent increase in the content of ON-containing particles with the enhancement of NO_xmainly occurred at night,and accompanied by high relative humidity and nitrate,which were associated with heterogeneous reactions between organics and gaseous NO_(x)and/or NO_(3)radical.The synchronous decreases in ON-containing particles and the mass absorption coefficient of water-soluble extracts at 365 nm in the afternoon may be associated with photo-bleaching of the ON species in the particles.In addition,the positive matrix factorization analysis found five factors dominated the formation processes of ON particles,and the nitrate factor(33%)mainly contributed to the production of ON particles at night.The results of this study provide unique insights into the mixing states and secondary formation processes of the ON-containing particles.

关键词： Organic nitrogen compounds Single particles Mixing state Secondary formation Nighttime chemistry