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Situational analysis of Malaria Incidence Under Integrated Malaria Service in Hotspot Township-Minbya Township,Rakhine State,Myanmar,2017–2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第17期6卷 374-377页

作者： Aung Than Oo Hong Chen ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity Ringgold standard institution D.M.Lantican AvenueUniversity of the Philippines Los Baños LagunaLos BañosPhilippines center for Global public Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:Malaria is a significant public health concern and tropical disease,particularly affecting Myanmar within the Greater Mekong *** annual parasite index(API)exceeds 1 per 10,000 population in the northern seven townships of Rakhine State,with Minbya Township designated as a highburden area for malaria by the World Health Organization(WHO)Myanmar and the National Malaria Control Programme(NMCP).Since 2017,the Malaria reduction intensification plan has been in place in this township to combat the high disease transmission *** study aims to assess the malaria epidemiology in Minbya Township from 2017 to 2020 under the intensification plan for elimination,as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated strategy in reducing cases in hotspot ***:The study utilized a surveillance study design to collect secondary data from the Malaria surveillance system(MSS)and the epidemiologic monitoring dashboard of Minbya Township,Maruk-U District,located in Rakhine ***:Since 2017,the Malaria prevention and control(P&C)Program in Minbya Township has successfully decreased malaria morbidity,eliminated malaria-related deaths,and bolstered malaria testing capabilities through the participation of village health volunteers(VHVs).Approximately 87%of malaria prevention and control services are executed by the township’s malaria elimination and disease control programs,with additional support from *** API dropped from 13 in 2017 to 2.5 in 2020,with Plasmodium vivax being the most prevalent malaria species,accounting for 55%of ***:The study suggests that early diagnosis and promotion of artemisinin-based combination treatment(ACT),along with strategic planning including expanding active case detection in rural health centers and implementing a communitybasedcommunitybased integrated healthcare approach,are effective and efficient strategies for malaria elimination.

关键词： Malaria prevention epidemiology

Boosting Hydrogen Storage Performance of MgH_(2) by Oxygen Vacancy-Rich H-V_(2)O_(5) Nanosheet as an Excited H-Pump

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 398-416页

作者： Li Ren Yinghui Li Zi Li Xi Lin Chong Lu Wenjiang Ding Jianxin Zou National Engineering Research center of Light Alloys Net Forming&State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Shanghai Engineering Research center of Mg Materials and Applications&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China center of Hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Instrumental analysis center of SJTU Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

MgH_(2) is a promising high-capacity solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its application is greatly hindered by the high desorption temperature and sluggish ***,intertwined 2D oxygen vacancy-rich V_(2)O_(5) nanosheets(H-V_(2)O_(5))are specifically designed and used as catalysts to improve the hydrogen storage properties of MgH_(2).The as-prepared MgH_(2)-H-V_(2)O_(5) composites exhibit low desorption temperatures(Tonset=185℃)with a hydrogen capacity of 6.54 wt%,fast kinetics(Ea=84.55±1.37 kJ mol^(-1) H_(2) for desorption),and long cycling ***,hydrogen absorption can be achieved at a temperature as low as 30℃ with a capacity of 2.38 wt%within 60 ***,the composites maintain a capacity retention rate of~99%after 100 cycles at 275℃.Experimental studies and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the in-situ formed VH_(2)/V catalysts,unique 2D structure of H-V_(2)O_(5) nanosheets,and abundant oxygen vacancies positively contribute to the improved hydrogen sorption ***,the existence of oxygen vacancies plays a double role,which could not only directly accelerate the hydrogen ab/de-sorption rate of MgH_(2),but also indirectly affect the activity of the catalytic phase VH_(2)/V,thereby further boosting the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2).This work highlights an oxygen vacancy excited“hydrogen pump”effect of VH_(2)/V on the hydrogen sorption of Mg/MgH_(2).The strategy developed here may pave a new way toward the development of oxygen vacancy-rich transition metal oxides catalyzed hydride systems.

关键词： Hydrogen storage MgH_(2) V_(2)O_(5)nanosheets Oxygen vacancies VH_(2)

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Understanding the educational inequalities in suicide attempts and their mediators:a Mendelian randomisation study

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 133-142页

作者： Jiahao Zhu Houpu Liu Rui Gao Lilu Ding Jing Wang Ye Yang Dan Zhou Yingjun Li Department of Epidemiology|and Health Statistics School of Public HealthHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina Vanderbit Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA School of public Health and the Second Afliated Hospital Zhejiang University Schol of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina

Background Educational inequalities in suicide have become increasingly prominent over the past *** modifiable risk factors that serve as intermediaries in the impact of low educational attainment on suicide has the potential to reduce health *** To examine the risk factors that mediate the relationship between educational attainment and suicide attempts and quantify their contributions to the mediation *** We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomisation(MR)analysis to estimate the causal effect of educational attainment on suicide attempts,utilising genome-wide association study summary statistics from the Integrative Psychiatric Research(iPSYCH;6024 cases and 44240 controls)and FinnGen(8978 cases and 368299 controls).We systematically evaluated 42 putative mediators within the causal pathway connecting reduced educational attainment to suicide attempts and employed two-step and multivariable MR to quantify the proportion of the mediated *** In the combined analysis of iPSYCH and FinnGen,each standard deviation(SD)decrease in genetically predicted educational attainment(equating to 3.4 years of education)was associated with a 105%higher risk of suicide attempts(odds ratio(OR):2.05;95%confidence interval(Cl):1.81 to 2.31).0f the 42 risk factors analysed,the two-step MR identified five factors that mediated the association between educational attainment and suicide *** respective proportions of mediation were 47%(95%Cl:29%to 66%)for smoking behaviour,36%(95%Cl:0%to 84%)for chronic pain,49%(95%Cl:36%to 61%)for depression,35%(95%Cl:12%to 59%)for anxiety and 26%(95%Cl:18%to 34%)for *** MR implicated these five mediators collectively,accounting for 68%(95%Cl:40%to 96%)of the total *** This study identified smoking,chronic pain and mental disorders as primary intervention targets for attenuating suicide risk attributable to lower educational levels in the European population.

关键词： effect. random inequalities

Higher ambient temperatures may worsen obstructive sleep apnea:A nationwide smartwatch-based analysis of 6.2 million person-days

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2114-2121页

作者： Anni Li Qingli Zhang Yuan Yao Xinlei Zhu Cong Liu Yutao Guo Haidong Kan Renjie Chen School of public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology AssessmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Department of Pulmonary Vessel and Thrombotic Disease Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China Institute for Hospital Management Research Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China Children’s Hospital of Fudan University National Children’s Medical CenterShanghai 201102China School of public Health Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a serious type of sleep disorder that can lead to cardiometabolic and neurocognitive *** utilized smart device-based photoplethysmography technology to collect sleep data from the Chinese population from 2019 to *** lag nonlinear models combined with a generalized nonlinear model or a linear mixed effects model were used to investigate the shortterm associations between daily temperature and indicators of OSA *** included a total of 6,232,056 d of sleep monitoring data from 51,842 participants with moderate to severe risk of OSA from 313 Chinese *** relationships between ambient temperature and OSA exacerbation,apneahypopnea index(AHI),and minimum oxygen saturation(MinSpO_(2))were almost linear and present only on the same *** temperatures were associated with a greater risk of OSA exacerbation,with an 8.4%(95%confidence interval(CI):7.6%–9.3%)increase per 10℃increase in temperature.A 10℃increase in daily temperature corresponded to an AHI increase of 0.70 events/h(95%CI:0.65–0.76)and a MinSpO_(2)decrease of 0.18%(95%CI:0.16%–0.19%).Exposure to elevated temperatures during the night can also lead to adverse *** effects of higher temperatures on OSA severity were stronger among men,participants with a body mass index24 kg/m2,those aged 45 years and older,individuals with a history of hypertension and diabetes,and during the cold *** large-scale,nationwide,longitudinal study provides robust evidence suggesting that higher ambient temperatures may immediately worsen OSA.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea Temperature Apnea-hypopnea index Oxygen saturation Smart device

Microstructure and martensitic transformation in quaternary NiTiHfV alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第10期34卷 3282-3294页

作者： Aleksandr V.SHUITCEV Yi REN Ze-zhong ZHANG Roman N.VASIN Bin SUN Li LI Yun-xiang TONG International Joint Laboratory of Advanced Nanomaterials of Heilongjiang Province College of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research141980DubnaRussia center of testing and analysis College of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

The effect of age hardening on the microstructure,martensitic transformation behavior,and shape memory properties of the(Ni_(50)Ti_(30)Hf_(20))_(95)V_(5)alloy was investigated by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,microhardness,and bending *** results demonstrate a significant influence of V addition on the microstructure of the alloy.V addition leads to the formation of a(Ni,V)_(2)(Ti,Hf)-type Laves phase,which coexists with B19'martensite at room *** at 550℃results in precipitation hardening due to the formation of nano-scale orthorhombic H-phase,with the peak hardness observed after 3 h of *** alloy at peak hardness state exhibits higher transformation strain and lower unrecovered strain compared to the solution-treated *** aged sample achieves a maximum transformation strain of 1.56%under 500 MPa.

关键词： shape memory alloys NiTiHfV H-phase Laves phase martensitic transformation

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An NIR-II-emissive Ru(II) metallacycle for efficient and safe immunotherapy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Chonglu Li Jianbo Zhan Biao Dong Institute of Health Inspection and testing Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University

Immunotherapy, as a groundbreaking cancer treatment, has gained considerable attention for its utilization of the body’s immune system to combat tumors [1]. This therapy induces tumor cell apoptosis, triggering a sustained anti-tumor immune response and effectively preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis [2]. The fundamental principle lies in inducing tumor cell death through specific treatment modalities,leading to the release of a cascade of signaling molecules and antigens, thereby mobilizing the immune system to actively identify and attack tumor cells [3].

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Influence of gut microbiome composition on effect variations of anti-cholesterol treatment among individual mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 3054-3065页

作者： Hyemin Oh Yohan Yoon Risk analysis Research center Sookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Department of Food and Nutrition Sookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoul 04310Korea

This study investigated if the variation in the effect of anti-cholesterol(AC)treatment on individual mice are related to gut microbiome *** bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity of 23 commercial fermented milk products was examined to select a fermented milk product for AC *** were fed to different diets for 6 weeks:high-fat(60%of total calories from fat;D1),high-dietary fibre(20%cellulose;D2),and low-fat(17.2%of total calories from fat;D3)diets to change their gut ***,faecal microbiome was transplanted(FMT)into mice treated with high cholesterol diet contained 2%cholesterol,followed by AC or non-AC(sterile tap water,STW)*** groups with normal(NC)and highcholesterol diets(PC)were prepared for both AC and STW *** experimental groups were subjected to serum and liver cholesterol,cholesterol metabolism-related(CMR)gene expression,and intestinal microbiome analyses.D3-FMT mice showed the most significant enhancements in cholesterol ratio and decreased hepatic cholesterol levels with AC ***,upregulation of the Cyp7a1 gene expression was observed in this ***,the intestinal microbiome analysis indicated higher abundances of BSH-producing Eubacterium,Bifidobacterium,and Parabacteroides in the D3-FMT+AC group compare to others,potentially contributing to increased bile acid synthesis.

关键词： ut microbiome Anti-cholesterol Bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity Bile acid synthesis Faecal microbiota transplantation

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New strategy for boosting cathodic performance of low temperature solid oxide fuel cells via chlorine doping

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8086-8094页

作者： ShaoHua Xu Hao Qiu Shanshan Jiang Jingjing Jiang Wei Wang Xiaomin Xu Wei Kong Tanaka Dennis Chivurugwi Arkadii Proskurin Daifen Chen Chao Su School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China Institute of analysis and testing Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100089China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWA6102Australia Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding Heroiv Ukrainy av.9Mykolaiv54025Ukraine

To enhance the performance and widespread use of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),addressing the low-temperature(<650℃)electrochemical performance and operational stability issues of cathode materials is ***,we propose an innovative approach to enhance oxygen ion mobility and electrochemical performance of perovskite oxide by substituting some oxygen sites with chlorine *** designed SrTa_(0.1)Fe_(0.9)O_(3-δ-x)Clx(x=0.05 and 0.10)exhibits improved performance compared to SrTa_(0.1)Fe_(0.9)O_(3-δ)(STF).SrTa_(0.1)Fe_(0.9)O_(2.95-δ)Cl_(0.05)(STFCl0.05)shows the lowest area-specific resistance(ASR)value on Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9(SDC)*** 600℃,STFCl0.05 achieves an ASR value of 0.084Ω·cm^(2),and a single cell with STFCl0.05 reaches a higher peak power density(PPD)value(1143 mW·cm^(-2))than that with STF(672 mW·cm^(-2)).Additionally,besides exhibiting excellent oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity at lower temperatures,the STFCl0.05 cathode demonstrates good CO_(2)tolerance and operational *** cell operation lasts for 150 h,and single cell operation endures for 720 h without significant performance *** chlorine doping approach effectively enhances ORR activity and stability,making STFCl0.05 a promising cathode material for low-temperature SOFCs.

关键词： low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(LT-SOFCs) oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) CO_(2)tolerance chlorine doping

An Efficient Approach to Narrow the Emission Band of Pyrene-Based Emitters

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有机化学 2024年第8期44卷 2504-2512页

作者： Xie Zhixin Li Shaoling Liu Wei Yan Kai Jiang Tao Liu Yiwei Islam Md.Monarul Feng Xing School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006 b analysis and Test center Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006 Synthesis Laboratory Chemical Research DivisionBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(BCSIR)DhanmondiDhaka-1205Bangladesh

The construction of high color purity and high resolution organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)is facilitated by the development of highly-efficient organic luminescent materials with narrow-band ***,in order to address the problem of broad emission spectra of organic luminescent materials,an effective molecular design strategy is presented to reduce the full width at half maximum(FWHM)of emission by integrating the steric hindrance effect in the pyrene *** the bulky group was introduced into the 2-position,compounds 5 not only show a relative high quantum yield(>0.31)in the solid state,but also can suppress the molecular rotation of triphenylamine(TPA)at the 3-position to narrow the FWHM in the solid state compared to that in *** 5c containing biphenyl units exhibits a maximum emission peak at 484 nm with a quantum yield of 0.38 and FWHM value of 49 nm in the solid state.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission pyrene narrow-band emission steric effect