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Association between Prenatal Care Utilization and Risk of Preterm Birth among Chinese Women

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2017年第4期37卷 605-611页

作者：张斌杨蓉梁胜文王静 Jen Jen ChANG 胡柯董光辉胡荣华 Louise H.Flick 章一鸣张丹李庆杰郑同章徐顺青杨少萍钱正敏 Wuhan Children's Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child healthcare Hospital) Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social Justice Sun Yat-sen University School of Public Health Brown University School of Public HealthProvidence School of Public health Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

It is recognized that prenatal care plays an important role in reducing adverse birth. Chinese pregnant women with medical condition were required to seek additional health care based on the recommended at least 5 times health care visits. This study was to estimate the association between prenatal care utilization（PCU） and preterm birth（PTB）, and to investigate if medical conditions during pregnancy modified the association. This population-based case control study sampled women with PTB as cases; one control for each case was randomly selected from women with term births. The Electronic Perinatal health Care Information System（EPHCIS） and a questionnaire were used for data collection. The PCU was measured by a renewed Prenatal Care Utilization（APNCU） index. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios（OR） and the 95% confidence interval（95% CI）. Totally, 2393 women with PTBs and 4263 women with term births were collected. In this study, 695（10.5%） women experienced inadequate prenatal care, and 5131（77.1%） received adequate plus prenatal care. Inadequate PCU was associated with PTB（adjusted OR： 1.41, 95% CI： 1.32–1.84）; the similar positive association was found between adequate plus PCU and PTB. Among women with medical conditions, these associations still existed; but among women without medical conditions, the association between inadequate PCU and PTB disappeared. Our data suggests that women receiving inappropriate PCU are at an increased risk of having PTB, but it does depend on whether the woman has a medical condition during pregnancy.

关键词： preterm birth very preterm birth moderate preterm birth prenatal care prenatal care utilization

A Scalable Domain Decomposition Method for Ultra-Parallel Arterial Flow Simulations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第10期4卷 1151-1169页

作者： Leopold Grinberg George Em Karniadakis Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidence 02912USA

Ultra-parallel flow simulations on hundreds of thousands of processors require new multi-level domain decomposition *** we present such a new two-level method that has features both of discontinuous and continuous Galerkin ***,at the coarse level the domain is subdivided into several big patches and within each patch a spectral element discretization(fine level)is *** interface conditions for the Navier-stokes equations are developed to connect the patches,relaxing the C0 continuity and minimizing data transfer at the patch *** perform several 3D flow simulations of a benchmark problem and of arterial flows to evaluate the performance of the new method and investigate its accuracy.

关键词： Bioflows spectral elements discontinuous Galerkin parallel computing

Controversies in testosterone replacement therapy： testosterone and cardiovascular disease

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第2期17卷 187-191,I0006页

作者： Kathleen Hwang Martin Miner Department of Surgery (Urology) The Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA Department of Family Medicine The Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA.

The role of testosterone in the cardiovascular （CV） health of men is controversial. Data suggest that both the condition and treatment of clinical hypogonadism is associated with decreased CV mortality; however, two recent studies suggest that hypogonadal subjects treated with testosterone replacement therapy have a higher incidence of new CV events. There has been increased media attention concerning the risk of CV disease in men treated with testosterone. Until date, there are no long-term prospective studies to determine safety. Literature spanning over the past 30 years has suggested that not only is there a possible increased CV risk in men with low levels of testosterone, but the benefits from testosterone therapy may even lower this risk. We review here the recent studies that have garnered such intense scrutiny. This article is intended as a thorough review of testosterone levels and CV risk, providing the clinician with the facts needed to make informed clinical decisions in managing patients with clinical hypogonadism.

关键词： cardiovascular disease hypogonadism testosterone

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review of Anti-diabetic Pharmacologic Therapies

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第2期6卷 168-174页

作者： Heather S.Snyder Sami A.Sakaan Katherine L.March Osama Siddique Rosann Cholankeril Carolyn D.Cummings Chiran Gadiparthi Sanjaya K.Satapathy Aijaz Ahmed George Cholankeril Department of Pharmacy Methodist University HospitalMemphisTNUSA College of Pharmacy University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Department of Medicine Memorial Hospital of Rhode IslandProvidenceRIUSA Roger Williams Medical Center ProvidenceRIUSA Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute University of Tennessee Health Sciences CenterMemphisTNUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),the most common cause of liver disease,affects approximately 75 to 100 million *** with concurrent NAFLD and type 2 dia-betes mellitus have a higher risk of progressing to advanced fibrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis compared to *** modifications,including weight loss,remain the mainstay of treatment for NAFLD,as there are no med-ications currently indicated for this disease ***-diabetic pharmacologic therapies aimed at improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing insulin production have been studied to determine their potential role in slowing the progression of *** this review,we focus on the evidence surrounding anti-diabetic medications and their ability to improve disease progression in patients with NAFLD.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Diabetes mellitus

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia arising from an ectopic pancreas in the small bowel

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第6期13卷 658-661页

作者： Francisco Igor Macedo Deepa Taggarshe Tafadzwa Makarawo Barry Herschman Michael J Jacobs Department of General Surgery Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Southfield MI 48075 USA Department of General Surgery Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Southfield MI 48075 USA Department of Pathology Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Southfield MI 48075 USA

BACKGROUND： Ectopic pancreatic tissue is relatively uncommon, and is characterized as pancreatic tissue with no contact with the normal pancreas, and with its own ductal system and blood supply. It is usually asymptomatic, and can be incidentally diagnosed by conventional imaging studies. METHOD： A 69-year-old woman with a prior history of bilateral breast carcinoma presented with ectopic pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia （PanIN） that was identified incidentally in the small bowel during an oncological resection of a synchronous primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. RESULTS： The patient underwent subtotal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, regional lymphadenectomy, radical left nephrectomy, and small bowel resection with primary anastomosis of ectopic PanlN-2. She had an uneventful hospitalization and was discharged home on postoperative day 7. CONCLUSIONS： The occurrence of ectopic PanIN is extremely unusual with only few cases previously reported in the literature. The need for negative margins after surgical resection of ectopic PanIN lesions remains controversial.

关键词： ectopic pancreas pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia PanIN pancreatic adenocarcinoma

LOCAL DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHODS FOR THREE CLASSES OF NONLINEAR WAVE EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2004年第2期22卷 250-274页

作者： YanXu Chi-wangShu DepartmentofMathematics UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinaHefei230026China DivisionofAppliedMathematics BrownUniversityProvidenceRI02912USA

In this paper, we further develop the local discontinuous Galerkin method to solve three classes of nonlinear wave equations formulated by the general KdV-Burgers type equations, the general fifth-order KdV type equations and the fully nonlinear K(n, n, n) equations, and prove their stability for these general classes of nonlinear equations. The schemes we present extend the previous work of Yan and Shu [30, 31] and of Levy, Shu and Yan [24] on local discontinuous Galerkin method solving partial differential equations with higher spatial derivatives. Numerical examples for nonlinear problems are shown to illustrate the accuracy and capability of the methods. The numerical experiments include stationary solitons, soliton interactions and oscillatory solitary wave *** numerical experiments also include the compacton solutions of a generalized fifthorder KdV equation in which the highest order derivative term is nonlinear and the fully nonlinear K (n, n, n) equations.

关键词： Fifth-order KdV equation KdV-Burgers equation Local discontinuous Galerkin method stability

A lunar time scale from the perspective of the Moon’s dynamic evolution

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 234-251页

作者： Dijun GUO Jianzhong LIU James WHEAD Fuqin ZHANG Zongcheng LING Shengbo CHEN Jianping CHEN Xiaozhong DING Jinzhu JI Ziyuan OUYANG state Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidence RI 02912USA Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China College of Geoexploration Science and Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

A geologic time scale is a chronological system that separates the geological strata of a planetary body into different units in temporal sequence and shows its progressive *** time scale of the Moon was established a half-century ago during the telescopic-early Apollo exploration era,using data with limited spatial coverage and *** past decades have seen a wide array of studies,which have significantly extended our understanding of global lunar geologic *** on a comprehensive review of lunar evolution with respect to the dynamical changes,we propose two major updates to the current lunar time scale paradigm to include the evolution of both endogenic and exogenic dynamic forces now known to have influenced early lunar ***,based on the temporal interplay of exogenic and endogenic processes in altering the Moon,we defined three Eon/Eonothem-level units to represent three dynamical evolutionary ***,the pre-Nectarian System is redefined and divided as the magma ocean-era Magma-oceanian System and the following Aitkenian System beginning with the South Pole-Aitken *** ejecta of this basin,Das Formation,was deposited on the primordial lunar crust as the oldest stratum produced from exogenic *** updated lunar time scale,facilitated by the post-Apollo exploration and research advances,provides an integrated framework to depict the evolution of the Moon and has important implications for the geologic study of other terrestrial planets.

关键词： The Moon Geologic time scale Evolution history Endogenic process Exogenic process

Role of matrix metalloproteinases in chronic wound healing： diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第8期127卷 1572-1581页

作者： Ren Yanhan Gu Guosheng Yao Min Vickie R. Driver Class of 2014 University of Rochester NY USA Department of Surgery Jinling Hospital Nanjing Jiangsu 210002 China Department of Surgery Limb Preservation and Wound Care Research VA New England Health Care Division Providence RI USA

Matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are members of the family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases.

关键词： matrix metalloproteinase wound healing chronic wounds matrix metalloproteinase zinc-dependentnzymes diabetic foot ulcers

The evolving profile and role of computer science

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Science in China(Series F) 2009年第10期52卷 1778-1784页

作者： PREPARATA Franco P. Computer Science Department Brown UniversityProvidence RI 02912 USA

Technological innovation ushered in the computer era, and, after a few years of tutelage by established disciplines, computer science emerged as an independent discipline. In the subsequent decades computer science developed its special identity, sharing the dual character of engineering and mathematics. This evolution is revisited here based on my personal experience. In my view, the notion of computational model has been the enabler of extraordinary creativity, and at the same time the source of critical reflection two decades ago. However, capitalizing on a vibrant technology, computer science is reinventing itself as the indispensable enabler of applications. This is a crucial profile that calls for a pedagogical adaptation, where the notion of model morphs from means to end.

关键词： computer science informatics applications modeling models of computations