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Bacterial microcompartment-mimicking Pickering emulsion droplets for detoxification of chemical threats under sweet conditions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3039-3049页

作者： Xiao Xu Wenqi Xie Ting Wu Chen Chen Xiaoning Chen Yuheng Yang Hao Lian Hao Chen Xiaofeng Cheng Zhitong Chen Guojun Chen Chaoqun Liu Lanlan Chen Yu He Zhaowei Chen Bernard P.Binks Huanghao Yang New Cornerstone Science Laboratory MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Institute of Biomedical and Health engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Biomedical engineering and the Rosalind&Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute McGill UniversityMontreal QC H3A 1A3Canada School of Pharmacy Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Department of Chemistry University of HullHull HU67RXUK

Chemical warfare agents represent a severe threat to mankind and their efficient decontamination is a global ***,traditional disposal strategies have limitations,including high energy consumption,use of aggressive reagents and generation of toxic ***,inspired by the compartmentalized architecture and detoxification mechanism of bacterial microcompartments,we constructed oil-in-water Pickering emulsion droplets stabilized by hydrogen-bonded organic framework immobilized cascade enzymes for decontaminating mustard gas simulant(2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide,CEES)under sweet *** exemplified droplet systems were developed with two-enzyme(glucose oxidase/chloroperoxidase)and threeenzyme(invertase/glucose oxidase/chloroperoxidase)cascades,both achieving over 6-fold enhancement in decontamination efficiency compared with free enzymes and>99% selectivity towards non-toxic *** found that the favored mass transfer of sugars and CEES from their respective phases to approach the cascade enzymes located at the droplet surface and the facilitated substrate channeling between proximally immobilized enzymes were key factors in augmenting the decontamination *** importantly,the robustness of immobilized enzymes enabled easy reproduction of both the droplet formation and detoxification performance over 10 cycles,following long-term storage and in far-field locations.

关键词： Pickering emulsion biomimetics chemical warfare agent bacterial microcompartment biocatalysis

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Technological breakthroughs and scientific progress of the Chang'e-4 mission

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第10期63卷 5-18页

作者： Weiren WU Dengyun YU Chi WANG Jizhong LIU Yuhua TANG He ZHANG Zhe ZHANG Lunar Exploration and Space engineer Center China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Spacecraft System engineer China Academy of Space Technology

Chang’e-4 is the first man-made probe that accomplished landing and roving on the far side of the Moon, which is viewed as a new milestone in the history of Lunar exploration. Beginning with a brief introduction to the progress of domestic and foreign Lunar exploration, this paper reviews the implementation process of the Chang’e-4 project, sorts out the technical breakthroughs achieved, summarizes the exploration achievements, and provides references for subsequent Lunar exploration.

关键词： Chang'e-4 Moon's far side soft landing Earth-Moon L2 point relay satellite technological breakthrough scientific achievement

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Aerodynamics of non-slender delta and reverse delta wings:Wing thickness,anhedral angle and cropping ratio

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第4期36卷 79-91页

作者： Göktug KOCAK Mehmet Metin YAVUZ Turkish Aerospace Industries Inc.Aerodynamics Chief Engineer at TF-XProjectAnkara 06980Turkey Mechanical engineering Department Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey

The effects of thickness-to-chord(t=c)ratio,anhedral angle(d),and cropping ratio from trailing-edge(Cr%)on the aerodynamics of non-slender reverse delta wings in comparison to non-slender delta wings with sweep angle of 45°were characterized in a low-speed wind tunnel using force and pressure *** measurements were conducted for total of 8 different delta and reverse delta *** different t/c ratios of 5.9%and 1.1%,and two different anhedral angles ofd=15°and 30°for non-cropped and cropped at Cr=30%conditions were *** results indicate that the reverse delta wings generate higher lift-to-drag ratio and have better longitudinal static stability characteristics compared to the delta *** wing thickness has favorable effect on longitudinal static stability for the reverse delta wing whereas longitudinal static stability is not influenced by wing thickness for the delta *** reverse delta wings,the anhe-draled wing without cropping has adverse effect on aerodynamic performance and decreases the lift-to-drag *** in anhedraled wing causes significant improvement in lift-to-drag ratio,shift in aerodynamic and pressure centers towards the trailing-edge,and enhancement in longitudi-nal static stability.

关键词： Aerodynamic coefficients Anhedral Cropping Leading-edge vortex Longitudinal static stability Non-slender delta wing Non-slender reverse delta wing Stall Three-dimensional surface separation

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Rare earth element-modified MOF materials:synthesis and photocatalytic applications in environmental remediation

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1390-1406页

作者： Shu-Kun Le Qi-Jie Jin Jia-Ao Han Hua-Cong Zhou Quan-Sheng Liu Fu Yang Jie Miao Pei-Pei Liu Cheng-Zhang Zhu Hai-Tao Xu Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of High-Value Functional Utilization of Low Rank Carbon Resources Chemical Engineering CollegeInner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010050China School of Environmental Science and engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009China School of Environmental and Chemical engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100China Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications MontrealQCJ3X 1P7Canada

Metal-organic framework-like materials(MOFs)have been developed in the fields of photocatalysis for their excellent optical properties and physicochemical properties,including environmental remediation,CO_(2)photoreduction,water splitting,and so *** their important roles in various fields,rare earth elements have received growing interests from *** MOFs with rare earth elements for modification allows broadening the absorption spectrum,while the active electrons on their empty 4f orbitals can act as traps to capture photoexcited carriers to inhibit the recombination of electron-hole pairs,thus promoting photocatalytic ***,rare earth elements modified MOFs provide an attractive way to achieve their high value *** this mini-review,the synthesis of rare earth element-modified MOFs photocatalysts and corresponding applications in the removal of antibiotics,CO_(2)reduction,and hydrogen production are constructively summarized and ***,the latest advancements and current difficulties of these materials as well as the application prospects are also provided.

关键词： Rare earth metals MOFs Photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction Environmental remediation Water splitting

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A Review on the Security of the Ethereum-Based DeFi Ecosystem

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 69-101页

作者： Yue Xue Dunqiu Fan Shen Su Jialu Fu Ning Hu Wenmao Liu Zhihong Tian Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuanzhou510000China Innovation Center NSFOCUS Inc.Beijing100089China engineering Research Center of Integration and Application of Digital Learning Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing100816China

Decentralized finance(DeFi)is a general term for a series of financial products and *** is based on blockchain technology and has attracted people’s attention because of its open,transparent,and intermediary *** them,the DeFi ecosystem based on Ethereum-based blockchains attracts the most ***,the current decentralized financial system built on the Ethereum architecture has been exposed to many smart contract vulnerabilities during the last few ***,we believe it is time to improve the understanding of the prevailing Ethereum-based DeFi ecosystem security *** that end,we investigate the Ethereum-based DeFi security issues:1)inherited from the real-world financial system,which can be solved by macro-control;2)induced by the problems of blockchain architecture,which require a better blockchain platform;3)caused by DeFi invented applications,which should be focused on during the project *** on that,we further discuss the current solutions and potential directions ofDeFi *** to our research,we could provide a comprehensive vision to the research community for the improvement of Ethereum-basedDeFi ecosystem security.

关键词： Blockchain smart contract decentralized finance DeFi security

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Dynamics simulation of electrorheological suspensions in poiseuille flow field

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Journal of Central South University 2008年第S1期15卷 234-238页

作者：朱石沙罗成周杰陈娜 College of Mechanical engineer Xiangtan University Changshu Institute of Technology

Based on a modified Maxwell-Wagner model,molecular dynamics is carried out to simulate the structural changes of ER(electrorheological) suspensions in a poiseuille flow *** simulation results show that the flow assists in the collection of particles at the electrodes under a low pressure gradient,and the negative ER effect will show under a high pressure *** analyzing the relationship curves of the shear stress and the pressure gradient in different relaxation time,it is found that for the same kind of ER suspensions materials,there is an optimal dielectric relaxation frequency.

关键词： electrorheological suspensions molecular dynamics pressure gradient value relaxation time.

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The polarization effect of a laser in multiphoton Compton scattering

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第5期23卷 268-276页

作者：梁国华吕清正滕爱萍李英骏 State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground engineer China University of Mining and Technology

The multiphoton Compton scattering in a high-intensity laser beam is studied by using the laser-dressed quantum electrodynamics （QED） method, which is a non-perturbative theory for the interaction between a plane electromagnetic field and a charged particle. In order to analyze in the real experimental condition, a Lorentz transformation for the cross section of this process is derived between the laboratory frame and the initial rest frame of electrons. The energy of the scattered photon is analyzed, as well as the cross sections for different laser intensities and polarizations and different electron velocities. The angular distribution of the emitted photon is investigated in a special velocity of the electron, in which for a fixed number of absorbed photons, the electron energy will not change after the scattering in the lab frame. We obtain the conclusion that higher laser intensifies suppress few-laser-photon absorption and enhance more-laser-photon absorption. A comparison between different polarizations is also made, and we find that the linearly polarized laser is more suitable to generate nonlinear Compton scattering.

关键词： multiphoton Compton scattering laser-dressed quantum electrodynamics (QED) cross section,polarization

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Seismic rehabilitation and analysis of Chaohe earth dam

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2005年第2期4卷 265-273页

作者：付磊曾向武 Findling Inc.BaltimoreMD 21215USA GeotechnicalEngineer Dept.of Civil engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Professor

Stability of earth dams during earthquakes has been a major concern for gcotechnical engineers in seismic active regions. Liquefaction induced slope failure occurred at the upstream slope of a major earth dam in the suburb of Beijing, China, during the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake. The gravelly soil with loose initial condition liquefied under relatively small ground vibration. In recent years, a major seismic rehabilitation project was carried out on a similar earth dam nearby using dumped quarry stone. Seismic stability analysis was carried out using model test, finite element simulation, and pseudostatic slope stability program after taking into account the influence of excess pore pressure.

关键词： earth dam rehabilitation stability analysis liquefaction riprap protection

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Telomeric DNA breaks in human induced pluripotent stem cells trigger ATR-mediated arrest and telomerase-independent telomere damage repair

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第3期16卷 46-60页

作者： Katrina N.Estep John W.Tobias Rafael J.Fernandez Brinley M.Beveridge F.Brad Johnson Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Quantiative Biosciences Merck&Co.Inc.West PointPA 19486USA Penn Genomic Analysis Core University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Although mechanisms of telomere protection are well-defined in differentiated cells,how stem cells sense and respond to telomere dysfunction,in particular telomeric double-strand breaks(DSBs),is poorly ***,we report the DNA damage signaling,cell cycle,and transcriptome changes in human induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)in response to telomere-internal *** engineer human iPSCs with an inducible TRF1-FokI fusion protein to acutely induce DSBs at *** this model,we demonstrate that TRF1-FokI DSBs activate an ATR-dependent DNA damage response,which leads to p53-independent cell cycle arrest in *** CRISPR–Cas9 to cripple the catalytic domain of telomerase reverse transcriptase,we show that telomerase is largely dispensable for survival and lengthening of TRF1-FokI-cleaved telomeres,which instead are effectively repaired by robust homologous recombination(HR).In contrast to HR-based telomere maintenance in mouse embryonic stem cells,where HR causes ZSCAN4-dependent extension of telomeres beyond their initial lengths,HR-based repair of telomeric breaks is sufficient to maintain iPSC telomeres at a normal length,which is compatible with sustained survival of the cells over several days of TRF1-FokI *** findings suggest a previously unappreciated role for HR in telomere maintenance in telomerase-positive iPSCs and reveal distinct iPSC-specific responses to targeted telomeric DNA damage.

关键词： telomeres telomerase alternative lengthening of telomeres pluripotent stem cells DNA damage double-strand breaks

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A Review of Electromagnetic Energy Regenerative Suspension System&Key Technologies

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2023年第6期135卷 1779-1824页

作者： Changzhong Fu Jiayu Lu WenqingGe Cao Tan Bo Li School of Transmission and Vehicle engineer Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000China

The active suspension has undoubtedly improved the performance of the vehicle,however,the trend of“lowcarbonization,intelligence,and informationization”in the automotive industry has put forward higher and more urgent requirements for the suspension *** automotive industry and researchers favor active energy regeneration suspension technology with safety,comfort,and high energy regenerative *** this paper,we review the research progress of the structure form,optimization method,and control strategy of electromagnetic energy regenerative ***,comparing the pros and cons of the existing technology in solving the contradiction between dynamic performance and energy *** addition,the development trend of electromagnetic energy regenerative suspension in the field of structure form,optimization method,and control technology prospects.

关键词： Electromagnetic energy regenerative suspension energy harvesting structure form optimization method control strategy

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