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seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CAsTRo JoséJúlio de ToLEDo Gustavo GRACIoLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAs William Douglas CARVALHo programa de pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main parasites.However,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network structures.Here,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host sexes.We captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of Amapástate,northeastern region of the Brazilian Amazon.despite female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically significant.The pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 compartments.The total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,respectively.Connectance values were very low for the pooled network and for all subnetworks.our results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry season.Moreover,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male subnetwork.Therefore,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network structure.Future studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Arlenea delicata gen.et sp.nov.,a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation,Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil

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plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 362-371页

作者： Alita Maria Neves Ribeiro Yong Yang Antonio Alamo Feitosa saraiva Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim Joao Tavares Calixto Junior Flaviana Jorge de Lima programa de pos-graduaçao em Diversidade Biologica e Recursos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Co-Innovation Center for sustainable Forestry in southern China College of Biology and the Environment159 Longpan RoadNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Laboratorio de paleontologia Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Laboratorio de Estudos da Flora Regional Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Gondwanan plants Lab Universidade Federal de PernambucoCentro Academico de VitoriaRua Do Alto Reservatorio S/nBela Vista55608-680Vitoria de Santo AntaoPernambucoBrazil programa de pos-graduaçao em Geociencias(ppGEoC) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco(UFPE)Rua Av.da ArquiteturaS/n°CEP-50740-550Cidade UniversitariaRecifePernambucoBrazil

Ephedroid macrofossils have been widely documented in Cretaceous deposits,including numerous from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of NE China.However,few ephedroid macrofossils have been reported from south America.Herein,we describe a new plant of the family Ephedraceae,Arlenea delicata gen.et sp.nov.,from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil,based on the vegetative and reproductive structures.It has the typical morphological characteristics of ephedroid plants,including fertile reproductive branches,opposite phyllotaxy,terminal female cones,a sympodial branching system,longitudinally striated internodes,and swollen nodes.our new finding is unusual in having inner chlamydosperms subtended by two pairs of bracts,reproductive units connected to branches through swollen receptacles and a smooth seed surface.This new ephedroid taxon from the Crato Formation increases our understanding of plant diversity of this group during the Early Cretaceous.Furthermore,the general morphology(fleshy bracts and enlarged receptacles)of this new fossil discovery indicates that seeds of this plant may have been dispersed by animals such as pterosaurs(mainly the Tapejaridae)and birds(Enantiornithes and ornituromorpha).If true,this would explain the cosmopolitan distribution of Ephedraceae in the Lower Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Gnetophytes Arlenea delicata Ephedrales Crato Formation

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In silico prospective analysis of the medicinal plants activity on the CagA oncoprotein from Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Clinical oncology 2024年第5期15卷 653-663页

作者： Rafaela Viana Vieira Gabrielle Caroline peiter Fabrício Freire de Melo Ana Carla Zarpelon-schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Universidade Federal do paraná Campus ToledoToledo 85919-899Brazil Universidade Tecnológica Federal do paraná Campus ToledoParaná85902-490Brazil Universidade Federal da Bahia Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde-Campus Anísio TeixeiraVitória da Conquista 45029-094Brazil Universidade Federal do paraná-setor palotina Programa de Pós-graduação em BiotecnologiaPalotina 85950-000Brazil

BACKGRoUND Colonization with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)has a strong correlation with gastric cancer,and the virulence factor CagA is implicated in carcinogenesis.studies have been conducted using medicinal plants with the aim of eliminating the pathogen;however,the possibility of blocking H.pylori-induced cell differentiation to prevent the onset and/or progression of tumors has not been addressed.This type of study is expensive and time-consuming,requiring in vitro and/or in vivo tests,which can be solved using bioinformatics.Therefore,prospective computational analyses were conducted to assess the feasibility of interaction between phenolic compounds from medicinal plants and the CagA oncoprotein.AIM To perform a computational prospecting of the interactions between phenolic compounds from medicinal plants and the CagA oncoprotein of H.pylori.METHoDs In this in silico study,the structures of the phenolic compounds(ligands)kaempferol,myricetin,quercetin,ponciretin(flavonoids),and chlorogenic acid(phenolic acid)were selected from the pubChem database.These phenolic compounds were chosen based on previous studies that suggested medicinal plants as non-drug treatments to eliminate H.pylori infection.The three-dimensional structure model of the CagA oncoprotein of H.pylori(receptor)was obtained through molecular modeling using computational tools from the I-Tasser platform,employing the threading methodology.The primary sequence of CagA was sourced from GenBank(BAK52797.1).A screening was conducted to identify binding sites in the structure of the CagA oncoprotein that could potentially interact with the ligands,utilizing the GRasp online platform.Both the ligands and receptor were prepared for molecular docking using AutoDock Tools 4(ADT)software,and the simulations were carried out using a combination of ADT and AutoDock Vina v.1.2.0 software.Two sets of simulations were performed:one involving the central region of CagA with phenolic compounds,and another involving the carboxy-terminus region of CagA with phen

关键词： CagA oncoprotein phenolic compounds Helicobacter pylori In silico analyses Medicinal plants prospective analysis

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Floristic composition and edaphic relationships in ferruginous campo rupestre reference ecosystems

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第3期21卷 719-733页

作者： G.Wilson FERNANdes Letícia RAMos Dario C.pAIVA Jéssica CUNHA-BLUM Vanessa Matos GoMEs Daniel NEGREIRos Ecologia Evolutiva&Biodiversidade Departamento de GenéticaEcologia e Evolução/ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Knowledge Center for Biodiversity 31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil department of Biological sciences Institute of EnvironmentFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA programa de pós graduação em Biodiversidade e Uso dos Recursos Naturais Universidade Estadual de Montes ClarosMontes ClarosMGBrazil Laboratório de Estudo das Relações solo-planta Departamento de SolosUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRGBrazil

Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the planet.some environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferruginous campo rupestre(rupestrian grassland known as Canga in Brazil),are even more susceptible to severe impacts due to their extreme habitat conditions and low resilience.The determination of reference ecosystems based on the intrinsic characteristics of the ecosystem is essential for conservation as well as to the implementation of ecological restoration.We proposed the reference ecosystem of the three main types of habitats of the ferruginous campo rupestre based on their floristic composition.We described the floristic composition of each habitat and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the soils and the relationship between plants and soils.All three habitats showed high diversity of plant species and many endemic species,such as Chamaecrista choriophylla,Cuphea pseudovaccinium,Lychnophora pinaster,and Vellozia subalata.The distribution of vegetation was strongly related with the edaphic characteristics,with a set of species more adapted to high concentration of base saturation,fine sand,organic carbon,and iron,while another set of species succeeded in more acidic soils with higher s and silt concentration.We provide support for the contention that the ferruginous campo rupestre is a mosaic of different habitats shaped by intrinsic local conditions.Failure to recognize the floristic composition of each particular habitat can lead to inappropriate restoration,increased habitat homogenization and increased loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services.This study also advances the knowledge base for building the reference ecosystem for the different types of ferruginous campo rupestre habitats,as well as a key database for highlighting those species contribute most to community assembly in this diverse and threatened tropical mountain ecosystem.

关键词： Canga Ecological restoration Extreme ecosystem Non-forest ecosystems Rupestrian grassland Taxon environment relationships

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Adipose tissue,systematic inflammation,and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 38-46页

作者： Ana paula de A.Boleti pedro Henrique de o.Cardoso Breno emanuel F.Frihling patrícia souza e silva Luiz Filipe R.Nde Moraes Ludovico Migliolo s-Inova Biotech Programa de Pós-Graduação em BiotecnologiaUniversidade Católica Dom BoscoCampo GrandeMSBrazil programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Programa de Pós-Graduação em BioquímicaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteNatalBrazil

obesity is associated with several diseases,including mental health.Adipose tissue is distributed around the internal organs,acting in the regulation of metabolism by storing and releasing fatty acids and adipokine in the tissues.Excessive nutritional intake results in hypertrophy and proliferation of adipocytes,leading to local hypoxia in adipose tissue and changes in these adipokine releases.This leads to the recruitment of immune cells to adipose tissue and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.The presence of high levels of free fatty acids and inflammatory molecules interfere with intracellular insulin signaling,which can generate a neuroinflammatory process.In this review,we provide an up-to-date discussion of how excessive obesity can lead to possible cognitive dysfunction.We also address the idea that obesity-associated systemic inflammation leads to neuroinflammation in the brain,particularly the hypothalamus and hippocampus,and that this is partially responsible for these negative cognitive outcomes.In addition,we discuss some clinical models and animal studies for obesity and clarify the mechanism of action of anti-obesity drugs in the central nervous system.

关键词： adiposity anti-obesity drugs hypothalamic inflammation metabolic disease neurodegenerative disease neuroinflammation

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Effect of biochar on the metabolome of soybean seedlings

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oil Crop science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathalia E.silva Mariana G.Aguilar osania E.Ferreira Gleicia M.paulino Jaqueline C.L.Carvalho Lúcia p.s.pimenta Alan R.T.Machado programa de pos-graduaçao em Ciencias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil departamento de Engenharia Aplicada e Tecnologias Ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil departamento de Ciencias Exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several effects on plant germination,depending on raw material,preparation method and application dose.However,the molecular mechanisms that lead to those results have yet to be elucidated.The aim of this research was to improve the understanding of these mechanisms by characterizing the metabolic effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar on soybean germination.Three types of biochars were prepared by pyrolysis at 300℃(sCB300),400℃(sCB400)and 600℃(sCB600).Then,each one was mixed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)dose,respectively.The experiment was performed in 8 days of incubation,when the number of germinated seeds and the average radicle length were determined.To evaluate the metabolome,the dry biomass(DB)was subjected to extraction with a mixture of methanol-d4 and D2o(1:1 v/v).The extracts were submitted to metabolomics analysis by proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.The Relative Germination,Relative Average Radicle Growth and Germination Index increased in all treatments compared to control.on the other hand,the DB increased in all treatments,except for sCB300,at doses of 1%and 3%w/w.seven metabolites(alanine,asparagine,acetic acid,citric acid,glycerol,fatty acids and sucrose)were identified and quantified in DB extracts as the most influential finding for the separation of treatments.Taken together,these results strongly suggested that biochars accelerated the catabolism of triacylglycerols to sucrose and induced a slight osmotic stress.

关键词： Germination Metabolomics 1H NMR pyrolysis sugarcane bagasse

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Impact Containment Barriers with Geotextile Tubes

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment protection 2024年第5期12卷 325-344页

作者： Flávio da silva ornelas Luís Fernando Martins Ribeiro Rafael Cerqueira silva Instituto Federal de Educaç &#227o Ci&#234ncia e Tecnologia&#8212IFTO Palmas Brasil departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental Programa de p&#243s gradua&#231&#227o em Geotecnia Universidade de Bras&#237lia&#8212UnB/Campus Universit&#225rio Darcy Ribeiro Bras&#237lia Brasil

Recently, tragic tailings dam collapses in Brazil have caused deaths and major destruction and the need to develop technologies capable of preventing damage to people and the environment. Brazilian tailings dams are in a situation of uncertainty due to new legislation that even requires decommissioning, an activity that involves many problems and where the risk of failure is the main one. An impact containment structure downstream of these dams can be effective and geotextile tubes, in a new approach, have emerged as an option with advantages in terms of execution, costs and safety. The technology is versatile and can bring many benefits such as the reuse of tailings or filling with low-energy or reused materials. In this research, geotextile tubes were tested as free containment barriers, experiencing impacts in reduced models. The safety factor for the stability of the structure was constructed using an equation which is the ratio between the self-weight of the barrier structure and its coefficient of static friction and the impact pressure, where the data showed an adequate correlation which suggests the viability of mitigating risks.

关键词： Geotextile Tube debris Flow Barriers Impact Mining

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Litter production and leaf nutrient concentration and remobilization in response to climate seasonality in the central Amazon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 131-141页

作者： Ricardo Antonio Marenco saul Alfredo Antezana-Vera Daniela pereira Dias Luiz Antonio Candido Instituto Nacional de pesquisas da Amazonia Coordenagao de Uso da Terra e Mudanca ClimaticaAv.Andre Araujo 2936ManausAM69067-375Brazil programa de pos-graduagao em Agricultura no Tropico Umido Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia-INPAManausAMBrazil Unidade Academica de Ciencias Agrarias Universidade Federal de JataiBR 364km 195JataiGO 75801-615Brazil

Litterfall is the largest source of nutrients to for-est soils of tropical rainforests.However,variability in lit-terfall production,nutrient remobilization,and changes in leaf nutrient concentration with climate seasonality remain largely unknown for the central Amazon.This study meas-ured litterfall production,leaf nutrient remobilization,and leaf area index on a forest plateau in the central Amazon.Litterfall was measured at monthly intervals during 2014,while nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and mag-nesium concentrations of leaf litter and canopy leaves were measured in the dry and rainy seasons,and remobilization rates determined.Leaf area index was also recorded in the dry and rainy seasons.Monthly litterfall varied from 33.2(in the rainy season)to 87.6 g m^(-2) in the dry season,while leaf area index increased slightly in the rainy season.Climatic seasonality had no effect on concentrations of nitrogen,calcium,and magnesium,whereas phosphorous and potassium responded to rainfall seasonality oppositely.While phosphorous increased,potassium decreased during the dry season.over seasons,nitrogen,potassium,and phosphorous decreased in leaf litter;calcium increased in leaf litter,while magnesium remained unaffected with leaf aging.Regardless,the five nutrients had similar remobilization rates over the year.The absence of climate seasonality on nutrient remobilization suggests that the current length of the dry season does not alter nutrient remobilization rates but this may change as dry periods become more prolonged in the future due to climate change.

关键词： Throughfall Nutrient cycling Climatic seasonality Leaf mass per area

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Influence of omega 3 Fatty Acid supplementation on phase Angle Values of people Living with HIV/AIDs with Lipodystrophy secondary to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2024年第1期15卷 58-70页

作者： Thalita Bandeira Dantas Alline peralta Castro Fernando de souza Flexa Ribeiro Filho Rosana Maria Feio Libonati Núcleo de Medicina Tropical do pará Programa de Pós gradua&ccedil&atildeo em Patologia das Doen&ccedilas Tropicais Universidade Federal do Pará Pará Brasil Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da saúde Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal do Pará Pará Brasil Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da saúde Universidade Estadual do Pará Pará Brasil

objective: The measurement of phase angles is an important monitoring parameter and supplementation with omega-3 could promote benefits by modulating the electrical potential of membranes and increasing body cell mass. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the phase angle of people living with HIV/AIDs. Methods: In this study, 63 individuals of all genders who were undergoing outpatient follow-up and showed lipodystrophy due to highly active antiretroviral therapy were analyzed. our sample consisted of two groups, one that received supplementation containing 2550 mg of omega-3/day (1080 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 720 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) for three months (n = 32) and another that underwent nutrition guidance (n = 31). phase angle and body cell mass were assessed for both groups and compared at the beginning of research (T0) and after our intervention (T1) for each group separately. Results: phase angle averaged 6.45° ± 1.06 sD. The comparison between T0 and T1 showed a significant increase in phase angle and body cell mass, whereas the guidance group showed a decrease in body cell mass at T1 in relation to T0, with a significant p-value. Variance in phase angle between moments showed significant values between T0 and T1 in the supplementation group for all genders. Conclusion: omega-3 positively modulated patients phase angle and body cell mass, but we emphasize the need for other studies that can solidify knowledge about supplementation dosage and intervention time.

关键词： HIV Lipodystrophy omega-3 phase Angle

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Gravity Fault subsidence and Beach Ridges progradation in Quinta-Cassino (Rs) Coastal plain, Brazil

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open Journal of Geology 2024年第2期14卷 177-195页

作者： Bruno silva da Fontoura Adelir José strieder Iran Carlos stalliviere Corrêa paulo Rogério Mendes Alexandre Felipe Bruch Angélica Cirolini programa de pós-graduaç &#227o em Geoci&#234ncias (PPGeo) Instituto de Geoci&#234ncias UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil Engenharia Geológica Centro de Engenharias UFPel Pra&#231a Domingos Rodrigues 2 Pelotas Brasil HIDRosERV-serviç os Geológicos e Geofísicos Ltda. Rua Senegal 152 Porto Alegre Brazil Colégio politécnico UFSM Santa Maria Brasil

Ground penetrating radar (GpR) surveys have being applied to investigate very near-surface stratification of sedimentary units in coastal plains and to define their depositional conditions. This paper presents, however, low-frequency GpR survey to investigate fault-related depositional systems at greater depths. The Quinta-Cassino area in the Rio Grande do sul Coastal plain (RGsCp, Brazil) shows a wide strandplain that is made off by very long, continuous, and linear geomorphic features (beach ridges). This strandplain extends for ~70 km southward. The beach ridges show low-angle truncations against the Quinta escarpment, and also truncations in the strandplain. The traditional approach points that RGsCp was developed by juxtaposition of four lagoons/barrier systems as consequence of sea level changes;previous model assumes that no deformational episode occurred in RGsCp. The geophysical and geological surveys carried out in this area showed the existence of listric fault controlling the beach ridges in the escarpments and hanging-wall blocks. The radargrams could distinguish pleistocene basement unit anticlockwise rotation, thickening of beach ridges radarfacies close to listric normal faults, and horst structures. These deformational features indicate that the extensional zone of a large-scale gravity-driven structure controlled the mechanical subsidence, the Holocene sedimentation and its stratigraphic and geomorphic features in the Quinta-Cassino area to build up an asymmetric delta. The results point to a new approach in dealing with RGsCp Holocene evolution.

关键词： Gravity Tectonics Normal Faults Ground penetrating Radar survey Beach-Ridges progradation

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