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A lead role for a“secondary”axonal injury response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 469-470页

作者： Melissa A.Rudy Trent A.Watkins Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial biology Department of NeurologyUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Development Disease Modelsand Therapeutics Graduate ProgramBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Stress signaling following axon injury stimulates a transcriptional program for regeneration that might be exploited to promote central nervous system ***,this stress response drives neuronal apoptosis in non-regenerative *** duality presents a quandary for the development of therapeutic interventions:manipulating stress signaling to enhance recovery of damaged neurons risks accelerating neurodegeneration or restricting regenerative *** dichotomy is well illustrated by the fates of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)following optic nerve *** this central nervous system injury model,disruption of a stress-activated MAP kinase(MAPK)cascade blocks the extensive apoptosis of RGCs that occurs in wild-type mice(Watkins et al.,2013;Welsbie et al.,2017).

关键词： injury axonal stress

Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： Ana Milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate program in Pathological Anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical ***,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord *** of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional *** the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in *** article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBI)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were ***,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational biology and Engineering program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Two paths, one goal: mechanism of calcium homeostasis to balance plant growth and immunity

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 306-308页

作者： Aziz Ul Ikram Yanping Jing Huan Chen Jian Chen International Genome Center Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Joint Center for Single Cell biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Calcium(Ca^(2+))is an essential nutrient and a cellular signal in *** level of free Ca^(2+)in the apoplast is~10,000-fold higher than that in the cytoplasm at the resting *** large Ca^(2+)level gradient across the membrane between the interior and exterior can cause Ca^(2+)overload and *** have evolved mechanisms to export Ca^(2+)out of the cytoplasm or store it in intracellular organelles,such as endoplasmic reticulum(ER),mitochondria,and ***,Ca^(2+)-binding proteins,including those containing the most common Ca^(2+)-binding EF-hand domains,maintain the cytosolic Ca^(2+)level by directly binding them,thus participating in Ca^(2+)***^(2+)/H+exchangers(CAXs,antiporter)and Ca^(2+)-ATPases(ACAs)are responsible for transferring Ca^(2+)from the cytosol to either the external space or intracellular stores(Bose et al.,2011).However,it is still unknown how these Ca^(2+)-scavenging transporters are activated when the cytosolic Ca^(2+)level is elevated to threshold ***“auto-regulatory”mechanism to scavenge excess cytosolic Ca^(2+),providing a guarding system to maintain cytosolic Ca^(2+)homeostasis in plants.

关键词： maintain mechanism immunity

Proteostasis failure:at the intersection between aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3221-3222页

作者： Natalia Poblete Claudio Hetz Center for Geroscience Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile Biomedical Neuroscience Institute Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile program of Cellular and Molecular biology Institute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCAUSA

Lifestyle and demographics of the world's population are causing serious health problems impacting the brain,increasing the incidence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)and other types of *** we have gained important insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of AD,only palliative care is available to *** is characterized by the abnormal deposition of protein aggregates in the brain formed by amyloid β and hyper-phosphorylated,Tau in addition to neuroinflammation.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid stasis

miR-2940-1 is involved in the circadian regulation of oviposition in Aedes albopictus

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 69-79页

作者： Xiaolin Xiao Ling Kong Zhensheng Xie Hongkai Liu Lijun Cai Siyu Zhao Jiayong Zhou Shuang Liu Jing Wu Yiming Wu Peilin Wu Anthony A.James Xiao-Guang Chen Department of Pathogen biology Institute of Tropical MedicineSchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Microbiology&Molecular Genetics University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Molecular biology&Biochemistry University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA

The vast majority of all global species have circadian rhythm cycles that allow them to adapt to natural *** regular rhythms are regulated by core clock genes and recent studies have also implicated roles for microRNAs in this *** is an important circadian behavior in the reproductive cycle of insect vectors of diseases,and little is known about the rhythm or its regulation in *** albopictus is a diurnal mosquito that transmits arboviruses and is the major cause of outbreaks of dengue fever in *** analyzed the oviposition rhythm patterns of *** under different light/dark conditions and show that the mosquitoes have an oviposition peak between zeitgeber time 9(ZT 9)and ZT ***,the antagomir-mediated knockdown of expression of the microRNA miR-2940-1 affected the oviposition rhythm of *** data support the conclusion that miR-2940-1 is involved in the regulation of oviposition rhythm in *** and provide a foundation for using oviposition rhythms as a new target for vector mosquito control.

关键词： Aedes albopictus miR-2940-l oviposition rhythm regulation

Exploring the role of N-acetyltransferases in diseases:a focus on N-acetyltransferase 9 in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2862-2871页

作者： Prajakta Deshpande Anuradha Venkatakrishnan Chimata Amit Singh Department of biology University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Premedical program University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering at Dayton(TREND) University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Integrative Science and Engineering Center University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Center for Genomic Advocacy(TCGA) Indiana State UniversityTerre HauteINUSA

Acetyltransferases,required to transfer an acetyl group on protein are highly conserved proteins that play a crucial role in development and *** acetylation is a common post-translational modification pivotal to basic cellular *** to 80%-90%of proteins are acetylated during translation,which is an irreversible process that affects protein structure,function,life,and *** this review,we have discussed the various N-acetyltransferases present in humans,their function,and how they might play a role in ***,we have focused on N-acetyltransferase 9 and its role in microtubule *** have shed light on how N-acetyltransferase 9 and acetylation of proteins can potentially play a role in neurodegenerative *** have specifically discussed the N-acetyltransferase 9-acetylation independent function and regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling and microtubule stability during development and neurodegeneration.

关键词： acetyl-coenzyme A Alzheimer’s disease animal models cell death drosophila eye human disease c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling N-Acetyltransferases N-acetyltransferase 9 neurodegeneration

Artificial intelligence advances drug delivery system and its clinical transition

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 305-308页

作者： Hui Wang Xiao-Yan You Guo-Ping Zhao Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic BiologyTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Tianjin 300308China Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology College of Food and BioengineeringHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic biology Tianjin 300308China CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Since November 2022,ChatGPT,an artificial intelligence(AI)chatbot,has rapidly captured global attention for its detailed responses and articulated answers across a broad spectrum of knowledge domains[1],[2].All industries will reorient around it,prompting a reevaluation of how this technology could further promote scientifical research and its clinical applications.

关键词： system transition spectrum

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor OseIF5A4 negatively regulates rice immunity against blast and bacterial blight diseases

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 79-91页

作者： Wang, Hui Yan, Yuqing Bi, Yan Li, Dayong Song, Fengming National Key Laboratory for Rice biology and Breeding Institute of Biotechnology Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou 310058 China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests Institute of Biotechnology Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou 310058 China Key Laboratory of biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province Institute of Biotechnology Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou 310058 China

The RING-type E3 ligase OsBBI1 regulates rice resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae through modifying cell wall defenses. In this study, we report the function of an OsBBI1 substrate, eukaryotic translation initiation factor OseIF5A4, in rice immunity. OsBBI1 interacts with OseIF5A4 and other four members of the OseIF5A family. The RING domain in OsBBI1 and the eIF-5a domain in OseIF5A4 are critical for the OsBBI1-OseIF5A4 interaction. OsBBI1 ubiquitinates OseIF5A4 and mediates its degradation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the expression of OseIF5A4 was upregulated during early stage of compatible interaction but downregulated in incompatible interaction between rice and M. oryzae. Knockout of OseIF5A4 enhances rice immunity against M. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, boosts pattern-triggered immune responses, and strengthens pathogen-induced defense responses (e.g., expression of defense genes, accumulation of reactive oxygen species and reinforcement of cell wall). However, overexpression of OseIF5A4 attenuates rice immunity and immune responses. These results demonstrate that OseIF5A4, a substrate of the immunity-associated E3 ligase OsBBI1, negatively regulates rice immunity against M. oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzae through modulating pathogen-induced defense responses, highlighting the importance of the protein translational machinery in rice immunity. © 2025 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae OsBBI1 OseIF5A Rice immunity Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae