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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第5期6卷 504-513页

作者： Bilin Han Harry Timmermans urban planning group Eindhoven University of Technology

Organizing schedules and allocating time to different activities is always a challenge in dual-earner households,especially when they have *** may need to link their schedule to those of their children to allow them escorting their children to school or to take care or be with their children at *** paper reports the results of an analysis of the degree of synchronization of home departure and arrival times in dual earner households with children,where the degree of synchronization is defined as the gap between departure and arrival times of a parent and *** activity-travel diary data of different household members,a random parameters regression model is estimated to examine differences in time gaps in home departure and arrival times between parents and children as a function of gender,day of the week,age of the youngest child,and other socio-demographic *** results of the analysis provide insight into factors influencing the degree of synchronization and coordination of double activity-travel scheduling decisions in households with *** indicate that gender,number of children in the household,age of the youngest child,travel within or outside peak hours,day of the week,transport mode used for the work commute and household income level significantly affect time gaps,especially arrival time gaps.

关键词： Home departure and arrival times Synchronization Time gap Dual-earner households Random parameters panel regression model

Space-time prisms in multimodal supernetwork-Part 2:Application for analyses of accessibility and equality

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Communications in Transportation Research 2022年第1期2卷 58-65页

作者： Jing Qin Feixiong Liao urban planning and Transportation group Eindhoven University of Technologythe Netherlands

Space-time prism(STP)is a fundamental concept in time geography and has been predominately constructed in unimodal transportation *** to the vast trip chaining options by private vehicles and public transportation,it was challenging to construct STP over multimodal transportation *** previously put forward an efficient method to narrow down the action space for trip chaining and construct STPs effectively in a multimodal *** study applies multimodal STP modeling to measure space-time accessibility and equality of daily activity *** equality measures(Gini coefficient and 20:20 ratio)are derived from two space-time accessibility measures based on delineated *** examine the equality of access to shopping and leisure opportunities in the Rotterdam-The Hague metropolitan area,the *** results show the effects of various factors on accessibility and *** is found that although the study area has relatively low inequality using single modes,multimodal trip chaining further reduces inequality to access the distributed space-time opportunities.

关键词： Space-time prism Accessibility Equality Multimodal supernetwork

Cluster and characteristic analysis of Shanghai metro stations based on metro card and land-use data

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 352-361页

作者： Ping Shen Linxin Ouyang Chong Wang Yin Shi Yiheng Su Guangzhou urban planning&Design Survey Research Institute GuangzhouChina Shanghai Tongji urban planning&Design Institute Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina Tongji Architectural Design(group)Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina Shanghai urban planning and Design Research Institute ShanghaiChina

Metro is an important form of public transport in *** on the metro card data,we conduct the cluster analysis of Shanghai metro stations according to the pattern of passenger flow changing with *** the characteristics of travel time and surrounding land use are investigated for different types of stations to explore the relationship between urban land-use characteristics and travel activities reflected by passenger flow at metro *** is found that the passenger flow pattern of metro stations is closely related to the location conditions of stations and its surrounding land-use *** on various characteristics,285 metro stations are classified into four types,including residential-oriented stations,employmentoriented stations,employment-residence-oriented stations,and integrated functionaloriented stations,reflecting the interaction between spontaneous travel behavior and urban land-use characteristics and providing a reference for optimizing the urban functional structure and the spatial allocation of facilities.

关键词： Metro stations travel behavior pattern metro card data land use

Space-time prism in multimodal supernetwork-Part 1:Methodology

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Communications in Transportation Research 2021年第1期1卷 130-138页

作者： Jing Qin Feixiong Liao urban planning and Transportation group Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBthe Netherlands

Space-time prism(STP)modeling offers a theoretical base for various person-based space-time accessibility *** has been challenging to construct STPs in multimodal transportation networks because of the vast multimodal trip chaining options between private vehicles and public *** study suggests an effective method for narrowing down the trip chaining *** method involves three incremental strategies to eliminate parking locations that contribute little to enlarging the ***,an upper bound potential path area(PPA)is constructed to remove all inferior parking ***,the study area is partitioned and only complementary parking locations attractive to trip chaining are ***,triangular inequalities are applied for *** selected parking locations are used to construct a compact multimodal supernetwork encompassing one episode of activity ***,the STP and PPA can be found by an existing twostage bidirectional search *** tests are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the *** is found that 1-2 orders of speedups can be achieved with little compromising the accuracy of measuring space-time *** suggested method is applicable for measuring space-time accessibility in large-scale multimodal transportation networks.

关键词： Space-time prism Accessibility Trip chaining Multimodal supernetwork

Quantification of the openness of urban external space through urban section

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 316-326页

作者： Ziyu Tong Huawu Yang Chen Liu Tingting Xu Sha Xu School of Architecture and urban planning Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina

For the urban built environment,the shape characteristics of the external space are of decisive ***,what is commonly referred to as open space is more of a definition of social ***,in the research on urban environments,especially in urban micro-climate,the study of a microclimate’s correlation with open space easily produces *** identification of the openness of an external space based on a direct quantitative description is an important prerequisite for the cognitive urban *** this study,based on the height-to-width ratio(HWR)of different directional sections of external space,areas with high openness in an urban space are extracted by the threshold *** the case analysis of different areas in Nanjing,China,the results showed that the method is effective and *** results of the analysis can also be used more widely in the urban design and research.

关键词： urban external space urban section openness height-towidth ratio

An investigation of the visual features of urban street vitality using a convolutional neural network

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 341-351页

作者： Yi Qi Sonam Chodron Drolma Xiang Zhang Jing Liang Haibing Jiang Jiangang Xu Tianhua Ni School of Architecture and urban planning Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Department of planning and Landscape Design Nanjing BranchHuachengboyuan Engineering Technology GroupNanjingChina School of urban and planning Yancheng Teachers UniversityYanchengChina School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina

As a well-known urban landscape concept to describe urban space quality,urban street vitality is a subjective human perception of the urban environment but difficult to evaluate directly from the physical *** study utilized a modern machine learning computer vision algorithm in the urban build environment to simulate the process,which starts with the visual perception of the urban street landscape and ends with the human reaction to street *** analyzing the optimized trained model,we tried to identify urban street vitality’s visual features and evaluate their importance.A region around the Mochou Lake in Nanjing,China,was set as our study *** investigators surveyed the area,recorded their evaluation score on each site’s vitality level with a corresponding picture taken on site.A total of 370 pictures and recorded score pairs from 231 valid survey sites were used to train a convolutional neural *** optimization,a deep neural network model with 43 layers,including 11 convolutional ones,was *** maps were then used to identify the features which lead to high vitality score *** spatial distributions of different types of feature entities were also analyzed to help identify the spatial *** study found that visual features,including human,construction site,shop front,and roadside/walking pavement,are vital ones that correspond to the vitality of the urban *** consistency of these critical features with traditional urban vitality features indicates the model had learned useful knowledge from the training *** the trained model in urban planning practices can help to improve the city environment for better attraction of residents’activities and communications.

关键词： urban street vitality visual feature convolutional neural network Nanjing China

Dynamics of Communal Land Degradation and Its Implications in the Arid Mountains of Pakistan:A Study of District Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkuwa

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 485-495页

作者： Iffat TABASSUM Fazlur RAHMAN Fazlul HAQ Institute of Geography Urban & Regional Planning University of Peshawar

Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and resources are subjected to high rate of degradation and deterioration, which is leading to multifarious socio-economical and ecological implications. This paper intends to look into factors that are responsible for the degradation of communal land and the adaptability of the management mechanisms developed by the local inhabitants to conserve these resources. Moreover, this study also explores the sustainability of these adopted strategies in present circumstances. Data regarding socio-economic parameters of the inhabitants and their interactions with communal lands were collected through questionnaire cum interview method. As long-term climatic data for the area do not exist therefore focus group discussions were conducted to document the changing trend in rainfall regimes and temperature variations for the last about four decades. Results indicate that communal lands are highly vulnerable to degradation due to biophysical and anthropogenic factors. Local inhabitants have developed suitable measures to control the situation, however, accelerated socioeconomic transformations in the area have weakened the role of local institutions and that led to further degradation of these resources. Nevertheless, a number of locally formulated rules have been revived and implemented and it is hoped that these threatened resources would be conserved.

关键词： Communal lands Land degradation Climatic variability Adopted strategies Dry areas

Multi-state supernetworks:recent progress and prospects

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2014年第1期1卷 13-27页

作者： Feixiong Liao Theo Arentze Harry Timmermans urban planning group Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenNorth BrabontNetherlands

Supernetworks have long been adopted to address multi-dimensional choice problems, which are thorny to solve for classic singular networks. Originated from combining transport mode and route choice into a multi-modal network, supernetworks have been extended into multi-state networks to include activity-travel scheduling, centered around activity-based models of travel demand. A key feature of the network extensions is that multiple choice facets pertaining to conducting a full activity program can be modeled in a consistent and integrative fashion. Thus, interdependencies and constraints between related choice facets can be readily captured. Given this advantage of integrity, the modeling of supernetwork has become an emerging topic in transportation research. This paper summarizes the recent progress in modeling multi-state supernetworks and discusses future prospects.

关键词： supernetwork multi-modal multi-state activity-based models

Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

Mapping the urban natural ventilation potential by hydrological simulation

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Building Simulation 2021年第2期14卷 351-364页

作者： Ziyu Tong Yu Luo Juelun Zhou School of Architecture and urban planning Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

urban wind environments are closely related to air pollution and outdoor human *** urban natural ventilation potential(NVP)is an important factor in urban planning and ***,for ventilation studies on urban scales,neither macroscale numerical simulations(i.e.,WRF,MM5,etc.)nor microscale computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations can conduct efficient *** on the similarity between water flows and airflows,an efficient approach is proposed in this paper to map the urban *** integrating the urban terrain model,urban form model,and prevailing wind pressure model,an airflow digital elevation model(AF-DEM),which represents the resistance to airflow and can be used for a hydrological simulation,is generated and applied to evaluate the urban airflow patterns under different terrain,urban form and ambient wind *** objective was to develop a simulation platform that can efficiently predict the distribution of natural ventilation corridor and *** stream network calculated through the simulation is regarded as potential ventilation corridors within the city,and an index calculated from the coverage rate of wind corridors(CRW)is proposed for evaluating the relative *** Nanjing as a case study,8 AF-DEMs based on different wind directions and wind speed conditions are generated,and their corresponding ventilation corridor maps are *** results are in good agreement with the empirical evidence,indicating that the hydrological model,though a rudimentary approximation of the actual airflows,was effective in revealing the natural ventilation corridor and characterize the relative ***,the implementation of this novel method is simple and convenient,and it has great application potential and value in urban design and management.

关键词： urban natural ventilation potential hydrological simulation airflow DEM local climate zone