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Orbital pacing and secular evolution of lake-level changes reconstructed by sedimentary noise modeling during the Early Jurassic icehouses-(super)greenhouses

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 252-267页

作者： Meng LI Xin LI Stephen P.HESSELBO Mingjie LI Wenjin LIU Wei WU Jienan PAN Ruizhen GAO School of Resources and environment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China Camborne School of Mines and environment and sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenryn TR109FEUnited Kingdom Qinghai No.105 Coal Geological Exploration Team Xining 810000China

Lake-level changes can significantly affect paleoenvironmental evolution,resource occurrence,terrestrial carbon budget,and biodiversity in continental *** is one of the most critical factors controlling lake-level *** of the Early Jurassic has been evidenced by oscillating icehouses to(super)greenhouses with interrupted intermittent extreme climatic events(hyperthermal and cooling),e.g.,the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event(~183 Ma)and the late Pliensbachian cooling event(~185 Ma).Lake-level evolution and hydrologic cycling on Earth’s surface during the Early Jurassic icehouses-to-(super)greenhouses are thus far poorly understood due to a lack of continuous high-resolution nonmarine *** we present a super-long nonmarine lake level record for this pivotal interval from the early Pliensbachian to Toarcian by sedimentary noise modeling,and construct a 16.7-Myr-long astronomical time scale(174.2 Ma to 190.9 Ma)based on cyclostratigraphy analysis of rock color datasets(CIE b*)of the Qaidam *** results document lake-level oscillations on a 5-to 10-million-year(Myr)scale which shows a pronounced correlation with long-term climate variation and extreme climatic events,and 1-to 2.5-Myr-scale lake-level changes that are prominently paced by the 2.4-Myr long-eccentricity forcing and the 1.2-Myr obliquity *** the Pliensbachian Stage,the 1.2-Myr-scale lake-level changes are in phase with the coeval sealevel *** forced growth and decay of the ephemeral or permanent ice sheets in polar regions are interpreted to control the synchronous ups-and-downs of continental lake level and global sea ***,during the Toarcian ice-free greenhouses to(super)greenhouses,the 1.2-Myr-scale lake-level variations show an anti-phase relationship with global sea level,indicating a‘seesaw’interaction between continental reservoirs(lakes and groundwater)and global *** 2.4-Myr longeccentricity cycles mainly regulate variation

关键词： Milankovitch cycles Orbital forcing Sedimentary noise model Lake level Continental basins

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Participatory Risk Governance for Seoul, South Korea's Flood Risk Management

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 317-331页

作者： Bokjin Ro Gregg Garfin School of Geography Development and Environment The University of Arizona Interdisciplinary program for Disaster Crisis and Risk Management Sungkyunkwan University School of Natural Resources and the environment The University of Arizona

Risk governance is a widely used framework in natural and societal risk management research. Risks from natural hazards in urban areas call for the establishment of rigorous and participatory urban risk governance. In this study, we examined participatory risk governance(PRG) of flood risk management(FRM) in Seoul, South Korea. We conducted key informant interviews and implemented a survey with citizens, to explore perceptions of flood risks and risk management, and to examine prospects for improving PRG in Seoul. We found a gap between the perceptions of key informants and *** informants believed that citizens' low awareness of flood risks hinders PRG. Yet our research found that citizens' risk awareness was not low, and risk awareness may not be the main barrier to participation in PRG. Instead, we found that citizens lacked knowledge of FRM actions, and they assigned government bodies a high level of responsibility for FRM,compared to the level of responsibility that citizens assigned to themselves. Moreover, the actors involved in FRM tended not to trust each other, which implies a lack of mutual understanding. To increase the eff ectiveness of PRG, we suggest a polycentric governance structure anchored by a leading actor group, and active promotion of the participation of actors at multiple levels of governance. Communication between government and citizen participants, designed to foster improved understanding and recognition of one another's roles and contributions to FRM, will enhance trust and improve the implementation of PRG in Seoul.

关键词： Citizen participation Flood risk management Participatory risk governance Risk awareness South Korea Urban flood risk

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Direct capture and separation of CO_(2) from air

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Green Energy & environment 2024年第3期9卷 413-416页

作者： Siew Ping Teong Yugen Zhang Institute of sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)1 Pesek Road Jurong Island627833SingaporeRepublic of Singapore

Direct air capture(DAC)has attracted increasing interest and investment over the past few *** are a fast-growing number of companies that entered the field and demonstrated DAC carbon removal setups and ***,current DAC methods are still based on solid absorbents or alkali solutions approaches which have low capture efficiency and low energy *** highlight proposed a promising CO_(2) capture technology,an electric energy driven closed-loop system for the direct removal of CO_(2) from ambient air which are based on two individual technologies:Polyam-N-Cu hybrid system promoted CO_(2) capture with ocean as anthropogenic CO_(2) sink and a chloride-mediated electrochemical pH swing system to remove CO_(2) from oceanwater.

关键词： system separation companies

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A Systematic Analysis of Systems Approach and Flood Risk Management Research:Trends,Gaps,and Opportunities

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 45-57页

作者： Lum Sonita Awah Johanes Amate Belle Yong Sebastian Nyam Israel Ropo Orimoloye Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa School of environment Geographyand SustainabilityWestern Michigan UniversityKalamazooMI 49008USA

Flooding is a global threat,necessitating a comprehensive management *** to the complexity of managing flood hazards and risks,researchers have advocated for holistic,comprehensive,and integrated *** study,employing a systems thinking perspective,assessed global flood risk management research trends,gaps,and opportunities using132 published documents in BibTeX format.A systematic review of downloaded documents from the Scopus and Web of Science databases revealed slow progress of approximately 11.61% annual growth in applying systems thinking and its concomitant approaches to understanding global flood risk management over the past two decades compared to other fields like water resource management and business management systems.A significant gap exists in the application of systems thinking methodologies to flood risk management research between developed and developing countries,particularly in Africa,highlighting the urgency of reoriented research and policy *** application gaps of the study methodology are linked to challenges outlined in existing literature,such as issues related to technical expertise and resource *** study advocates a shift from linear to holistic approaches in flood risk management,aligned with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2023 and the Sustainable Development *** among researchers,institutions,and countries is essential to address this global challenge effectively.

关键词： Flood risk management research Gaps and opportunities Global trends in flood research Systematic review.Systems thinking

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Structural engineering of antimicrobials for optimal broad-spectrum activity

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期5卷 473-482页

作者： Arunmozhiarasi Armugam Diane S.W.Lim Siti Nurhanna Riduan Shook Pui Chan Jerome Asugan Yugen Zhang Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging Institute of sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Diploma in Biomedical Science School of Chemical and Life SciencesSingapore Polytechnic

Antimicrobial materials are a crucial component in eradicating and managing the spread of infectious *** are expected to act on a broad-spectrum of microbes, including emerging pathogens which could cause the next Disease X. Herein, we reassessed a series of antimicrobial imidazolium polymers on our shelves and uncovered extended functionality through dual modes of action. By redesigning their structures, a truly broadspectrum antimicrobial material with optimized activity against bacteria(G +ve, G-ve) and fungi, as well as enveloped and non-enveloped viruses was developed. We demonstrated that the imidazolium polymer exhibits dual modes of function against microbes: targeting the microbial membrane and binding DNA. The latter DNA binding affinity was found to be key against non-enveloped viruses. With this insight, we designed small molecule compounds that exhibited optimum broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and excellent efficacy against ESKAPE group of pathogens that are responsible for some of the deadliest nosocomial infections worldwide. Our results could also shed light on the design of broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds against Disease X.

关键词： Broad-spectrum Antimicrobial Polyimidazolium Structure-function Membrane active

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Combinations of electron and proton donors in transition-metal complex mediated nitrogen reduction reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2136-2154页

作者： Delong Han Li Yang Hao Huang Priyanka Chakraborty Shashikant U.Dighe Kuo-Wei Huang KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Agency for Science Technologyand ResearchInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and EnvironmentSingapore 138634Singapore

Nitrogen fixation is a complex process involving the transfer of six electrons and *** from the conventional Haber-Bosch process,which relies on hydrogen(H_(2))to provide both electrons and protons to reduce nitrogen(N_(2)),homogeneous transition metal complex-catalyzed N_(2)reduction reactions(NRR)employ an array of electron and proton donors or even electron donors combined with *** the synthesis of diverse catalytic progress,the categories of donors have seen rapid ***,existing literature only provides summaries regarding the metal,ligands,and *** the significance of electron and proton donor combinations in nitrogen reduction reactions,no literature has thoroughly reviewed this ***,we hereby compiled a comprehensive list of commonly used reagents in N_(2)reduction and classified them according to their specific donor *** review presents clear and organized information about these combinations,along with a summary of their general performance trend in NRR with related ***,we conclude the discussion by highlighting key points for researchers to consider when selecting catalysts and donor combinations,with the ultimate goal of advancing the field of nitrogen fixation.

关键词： dinitrogen reduction reaction reducing donor combination transition metal complexes homogeneous catalysis

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Change of probability density distributions of summer temperatures in different climate zones

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 1-16页

作者： Xinqiu OUYANG Weilin LIAO Ming LUO Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation School of Geography and PlanningSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute of environment Energy and SustainabilityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Extreme events have become increasingly frequent worldwide which are reflected in diverse changes in the shape of the temperature probability density ***,few studies have paid attention to the heterogeneity of temperature at the scale of climate ***,we use the ERA5-land data set to explore interdecadal summer temperature changes and the distribution across different climate zones from 1981 to *** the minimum(Tmin)and maximum(Tmax)temperature of 1982–1991 and 2010–2019,the results imply that Tmin and Tmax in summer maintained a notable upward trend over the past 40 years,especially *** effects of a simple shift toward a warmer climate contributed most to all climate zones,while the standard deviation,skewness and kurtosis had minor effects on extreme temperature except for *** analysis shows that the probability of extreme events in all climate zones is increasing in frequency and intensity,especially Tmin and Tmax in temperate climate *** diverse reasons for climate change can assist us with taking different measures to address extreme climate in distinct climate zones.

关键词： Climate change probability density function extreme events

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Coal-based activated carbon prepared by H2O activation process for supercapacitors using response surface optimization method

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 31-40页

作者： Shanxin Xiong Fengyan Lv Chenxu Wang Nana Yang Yukun Zhang Qingyong Duan Shuaishuai Bai Xiaoqin Wang Zhen Li Jianwei Xu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization Ministry of Land and ResourcesXi’an 710021China Institute of sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentJurong Island 627833Singapore

The scalable production of high grade activated carbon from abundant coal for supercapacitors application is an efficient way to achieve high value-added utilization of coal ***,this technology is challenging due to lack of comprehensive understanding on the mechanism of activation process and effect of external *** this paper,the effect of activating temperature and time on the specific capacitance of coal-based activated carbon prepared by H2O steam activation was studied using the response surface *** optimal conditions,coal-based activated carbon exhibits the largest specific capacitance of 194.35 F·g^(−1),thanks to the appropriate pore/surface structure and defect *** functional theory calculations explain in detail the mechanism of contraction of aromatic rings and overflow of H2 and CO during the ***,oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced,contributing to the pseudocapacitance property of coal-based activated *** mechanism of reactions between aromatic carbon and H2O vapor provides understanding on the role of water during coal processing at the molecular level,offering great potential to regulate product distribution and predict rate of pore *** insight would contribute to the advancement of other coal processing technology such as gasification.

关键词： response surface optimization coal-based activated carbon supercapacitor activating mechanism

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Power optimization of photovoltaic modules under varying environmental conditions based on current equalization collaborating with constant voltage control

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 169-182页

作者： DaiBin Tang Fei Lu Siaw Tzer Hwai Gilbert Thio School of Electrical Engineering Anhui Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringWuhu 241002China Centre for sustainability in Advanced Electrical and Electronics Systems(CSAEES) Faculty of EngineeringBuilt Environment and Information TechnologySEGi University47810 Petaling JayaSelangorMalaysia

The performance of photovoltaic(PV)modules is affected by environmental factors such as irradiance and temperature,which can lead to a decrease in output performance or even *** study proposes an improved formula for calculating the real maximum power of PV modules by analysing the influence of irradiance and temperature.A simulation model is developed using PLECS software to simulate the global maximum power of PV modules under different environmental conditions and the results are compared with the calculated real maximum power.A power optimization scheme for PV modules is then proposed based on current equalization and constant voltage *** scheme employs a single-switch multi-winding forward-flyback converter to equalize the mismatched currents between cell strings,thereby enhancing the output *** proportional-integral controllers are utilized to achieve constant voltage control and obtain the real maximum power of PV *** models are built in the PLECS simulation platform to evaluate the performance of a global maximum power point tracking scheme based on the traditional perturb-and-observe(TPO)algorithm with current equalization,a segment perturb-and-observe algorithm without current equalization,and the proposed power optimization *** simulation results demonstrate that the proposed constant voltage control has greater efficiency than the TPO *** proposed scheme achieves a significant improvement in efficiency,with a 27.87%increase compared with the segment perturb-and-observe algorithm without current equalization.

关键词： current equalization constant voltage control forward-flyback converter PV modules perturb-and-observe(P&O)algorithm

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Embracing digital mindsets to ensure a sustainable future

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 177-179页

作者： Chengjun Li Riqing Yu Wenjing Ning Huan Zhong Christian Sonne Institute of environmental Research at Greater Bay Area Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Biology Center for EnvironmentBiodiversity and ConservationThe University of Texas at TylerTylerTX 75701USA School of environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China environmental and Life Science program Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioK9H 0A1Canada Faculty of Science and Technology Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark 4000The Kingdom of Denmark sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248001India

The 19th Asian Games astounded global audiences with an opening spectacle that showcased stunning digital fireworks(International Olympic Committee,2021;Zhe,2023).The groundbreaking display was brought to life through virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)*** sets a pioneering example to replace conventional fireworks in major international events as well as in other large-scale entertainment activities,marking a historic milestone in the pursuit of a sustainable and healthy future.

关键词： Wildlife Climate Change Heavy metals Noise LAN Light pollution

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