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epidemiology for public health practice:The application of spatial epidemiology

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第7期13卷 584-586页

作者： Longjian Liu Garvita Nagar Ousmane Diarra Stephanie Shosanya Geeta Sharma David Afesumeh Akshatha Krishna epidemiology and biostatistics Drexel University Dornsife School of Public HealthPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

Spatial epidemiology is the description and analysis of geographic patterns and variations in disease risk factors,morbidity and mortality with respect to their distributions associated with demographic,socioeconomic,environmental,health behavior,and genetic risk factors,and time-varying *** the Letter to Editor,we had a brief description of the practice for the mortality and the spacetime patterns of John Snow's map of cholera epidemic in London,United Kingdom in *** map is one of the earliest public heath practices of developing and applying spatial *** the early history,spatial epidemiology was predominantly applied in infectious disease and risk factor ***,since the recent decades,noncommunicable diseases have become the leading cause of death in both developing and developed countries,spatial epidemiology has been used in the study of noncommunicable *** the Letter,we addressed two examples that applied spatial epidemiology to cluster and identify stroke belt and diabetes belt across the states and counties in the United *** to any other epidemiological study design and analysis approaches,spatial epidemiology has its *** should keep in mind when applying spatial epidemiology in research and in public health practice.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Spatial epidemiology Diabetes belt Public health practice

genetic association between the polymorphism of cytosolicPLA2 gene family and schizophrenia

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Frontiers of Medicine 2010年第1期4卷 101-105页

作者： Qiong YU Xiang-Fei MENG Jie-Ping SHI Ya-Qin YU Department of epidemiology and biostatistics Center of Medical GenomicsSchool of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

Abnormal phospholipid metabolism in the brain plays an important role in neuropsychiatric *** A2(PLA2)is a crucial element for normal neuro-physiological *** study aims to investi-gate the genetic association between the polymorphism of cytosolic phospholipase A2(cPLA2)family genes and schizophrenia among Han Chinese in the northern part of *** polymerase chain reaction-based ligase detec-tion reaction(PCR-LDR)was applied to detect the genotype ten single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of cPLA2 family genes among 201 pedigrees consisting of fathers,mothers and affected offsprings with *** pedigrees were collected from 2000 to *** relative risk(HRR)test,transmission disequili-brium test(TDT),haplotype transmission analysis and multiple locus analysis were conducted to analyze the genotyping *** genotypic frequency of cPLA2 gene did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium either in case or control *** and TDT showed that the ten SNPs were not associated with schizophrenia(P>0.05).Analysis for haplotype transmission showed that no haplotype system was associated with schizophrenia(P>0.05).The conditioning on allele(COA)and conditioning on gene(COG)tests showed disease associations with the haplotype of rs2162886-rs1668589,rs891014-rs1668589 and rs2307279-rs7542180(χ2=6.913,P=0.032;χ2=8.393,P=0.015;χ2=8.447,P=0.038).Our data suggest that many loci in the cPLA2 family genes may be associated with schizophrenia.

关键词： schizophrenia cytosolic phospholipase A2 ligase detection reaction polymorphism

Effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening integrating non-genetic and genetic risk: a prospective study based on UK Biobank data

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 712-723页

作者： Yu Zhang Chao Sheng Zhangyan Lyu Hongji Dai Fangfang Song Fengju Song Yubei Huang Kexin Chen Department of epidemiology and biostatistics Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer EpidemiologyKey Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major DiseasesMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300060China

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the benefits of colorectal cancer(CRC) screening integrating both non-genetic and genetic risk factors. Here, we aimed to integrate an existing non-genetic risk model(QCancer-10) and a 139-variant polygenic risk score to evaluate the effectiveness of screening on CRC incidence and ***: We applied the integrated model to calculate 10-year CRC risk for 430,908 participants in the UK Biobank, and divided the participants into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. We calculated the screening-associated hazard ratios(HRs) and absolute risk reductions(ARRs) for CRC incidence and mortality according to risk ***: During a median follow-up of 11.03 years and 12.60 years, we observed 5,158 CRC cases and 1,487 CRC deaths, respectively. CRC incidence and mortality were significantly lower among screened than non-screened participants in both the intermediateand high-risk groups [incidence: HR: 0.87, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.81±0.94;0.81, 0.73±0.90;mortality: 0.75, 0.64±0.87;0.70, 0.58±0.85], which composed approximately 60% of the study population. The ARRs(95% CI) were 0.17(0.11±0.24) and 0.43(0.24±0.61), respectively, for CRC incidence, and 0.08(0.05±0.11) and 0.24(0.15±0.33), respectively, for mortality. Screening did not significantly reduce the relative or absolute risk of CRC incidence and mortality in the low-risk group. Further analysis revealed that screening was most effective for men and individuals with distal CRC among the intermediate to high-risk ***: After integrating both genetic and non-genetic factors, our findings provided priority evidence of risk-stratified CRC screening and valuable insights for the rational allocation of health resources.

关键词： Colorectal cancer screening polygenic risk score incidence mortality

Meta-Analysis of the Association between Mir-196a-2 Polymorphism and Cancer Susceptibility

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Clinical oncology and cancer researeh 2012年第1期9卷 63-72页

作者： Huan Zhang Yu-liang Su Herbert Yu Bi-yun Qian Department of epidemiology and biostatistics Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical UniversityMinistry of Education epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonolulu 96813HIUSA

Objective MicroRNA plays a vital role in gene expression, and microRNA dysregulation is involved in carcinogenesis. The miR- 196a-2 polymorphism rs11614913 is reportedly associated with cancer susceptibility. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the overall association of miR-196a-2 with cancer risk. Methods A total of 27 independent case-control studies involving 10,435 cases and 12,075 controls were analyzed for the rs11614913 polymorphism. Results A significant association was found between rs11614913 polymorphism and cancer risk in four genetic models （CT vs. TT, OR-1.15, 95%CI=1.05-1.27; CC vs. TT, OR=1.23, 95%CI=1.08-1.39; Dominant model, OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.06-1.30; Additive model, OR-1.08, 95%CI=1.01-1.14）. In the subgroup analysis of different tumor types, the C allele was associated with increased risk of lung, breast, and colorectat cancer, but not with liver, gastric, or esophageal cancer. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, a significantly increased risk of cancer was found among Asians in all genetic models, but no associations were found in the Caucasian subgroup. Conclusions The meta-analysis demonstrated that the miR-196a-2 polymorphism is associated with cancer susceptibility, especially lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer among Asian populations.

关键词： MIRN196 microRNA human polymorphism neoplasms meta-analysis

Statistical analysis for genome-wide association study

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2015年第4期29卷 285-297页

作者： Ping Zeng Yang Zhao Cheng Qian Liwei Zhang Ruyang Zhang Jianwei Gou Jin Liu Liya Liu Feng Chen Department of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University Department of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public HealthXuzhou Medical College

In the past few years, genome-wide association study （GWAS） has made great successes in identifying genetic susceptibility loci underlying many complex diseases and traits. The findings provide important genetic insights into understanding pathogenesis of diseases. In this paper, we present an overview of widely used approaches and strategies for analysis of GWAS, offered a general consideration to deal with GWAS data. The issues regarding data quality control, population structure, association analysis, multiple comparison and visual presentation of GWAS results are discussed; other advanced topics including the issue of missing heritability, meta-analysis, setbased association analysis, copy number variation analysis and GWAS cohort analysis are also briefly introduced.

关键词： genome-wide association study quality control multiple comparison population structure genetic model statistical model missing heritability meta-analysis copy number variation

Effects of interactions between environmental factors and KIF1B genetic variants on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese cohort

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4183-4190页

作者： Jun-Hu Chen Yan-Yan Wang Wei-Biao Lv Yu Gan Wei Chang Na-Na Tian Xiao-Hui Huang Li Liu Xin-Fa Yu Si-Dong Chen Department of epidemiology School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Southern Medical University Department of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public Health Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Affiliated Hou Jie Hospital of Guangdong Medical College Department of Oncology The First People’s Hospital of Shunde

AIM: To examine the effect of the potential interaction between KIF1 B variants(rs17401966 and rs3748578) and environmental factors on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in a high-risk region in ***: Three hundred and six patients with HCC and 306 hospital-based control participants residing in the Shunde region of Guangdong Province, China were enrolled. Clinical characteristics were collected by reviewing the complete medical histories from the patient archives, and epidemiological data were collected using a questionnaire and clinical examination. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of KIF1B(rs17401966 and rs3748578) were chosen for the current study. All subjects were genotypedusing a Taq Man real-time polymerase chain reaction. Multiplicative and additive logistic regression models were used to evaluate various gene-environment ***: Smoking, frequent consumption of raw freshwater fish, hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection, and a family history of HCC were important risk factors for HCC in this population. Chronic infection with HBV was the most important environmental risk factor for HCC [odds ratio(OR) = 12.02; 95% confidence interval(95%CI): 6.02-24.00]. No significant association was found between the KIF1 B variants alone and the risk of HCC. Nevertheless, a significant additive effect modification was observed between rs17401966 and alcohol consumption(P for additive interaction = 0.0382). Compared with non-drinkers carrying either the AG or GG genotype of rs17401966, individuals classified as alcohol consumers with the AA genotype of rs17401966 had a significantly increased risk of HCC(OR = 2.36; 95%CI: 1.49-3.74).CONCLUSION: The gene-environment interaction between the KIF1 B rs17401966 variant and alcohol consumption may contribute to the development of HCC in Chinese individuals.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Kinesin family member 1B Environmental factors Alcohol drinking Gene-environment interaction

Radiofrequency ablation versus partial nephrectomy for the treatment of clinical stage 1 renal masses： a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第13期127卷 2497-2503页

作者： Wang Shangqian Qin Chao Peng Zhihang Cao Qiang Li Pu Shao Pengfei Ju Xiaobing Meng Xiaoxin Lu Qiang Li Jie Wang Meilin Zhang Zhengdong Gu Min Zhang Wei Yin Changjun Department of Urology First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 210029 China Department of epidemiology and biostatistics Department of Molecular and genetic Toxicology School of Public Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Jiangsu 210029 China

Background Over the past two decades,the clinical presentation of renal masses has evolved,where the rising incidence of small renal masses （SRMs） and concomitant minimal invasive treatments have led to noteworthy changes in paradigm of kidney *** study was to perform a proportional meta-analysis of observational studies on perioperative complications and oncological outcomes of partial nephrectomy （PN） and radiofrequency ablation （RFA）.Methods The US National Library of Medicine＇s life science database （Medline） and the Web of Science were exhaustly searched before August 1,*** stage 1 SRMs that were treated with PN or RFA were included,and perioperative complications and oncological outcomes of a total of 9 565 patients were *** Patients who underwent RFA were significantly older （P ＜0.001）.In the subanalysis of stage T1 tumors,the major complication rate of PN was greater than that of RFA （laparoscopic partial nephrectomy （LPN）/robotic partial nephrectomy （RPN）：7.2％,open partial nephrectomy （OPN）：7.9％,RFA：3.1％,both P ＜0.001）.Minor complications occurred more frequently after RFA （RFA：13.8％,LPN/RPN：7.5％,OPN：9.5％,both P ＜0.001）.By multivariate analysis,the relative risks for minor complications of RFA,compared with LPN and OPN,were 1.7-fold and 1.5-fold greater （both P ＜0.01）,*** treated with RFA had a greater local progression rate than those treated by PN （RFA：4.6％,LPN/RPN：1.2％,OPN：1.9％,both P ＜0.001）.By multivariate analysis,the local tumor progression for RFA versus LPN/RPN and OPN were 4.5-fold and 3.1-fold greater,respectively （both P ＜0.001）.Conclusions The current data illustrate that both PN and RFA are viable strategies for the treatment of *** with PN,RFA showed a greater risk of local tumor progression but a lower major complication rate,which is considered better for poor *** is with no doubt the golden treatment for SRMs,and LPN has been widely accepted as the first option for nephro

关键词： meta-analysis partial nephrectomy radiofrequency ablation complication oncological outcomes

Relationships between cell cycle pathway gene polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第24期22卷 5558-5567页

作者： Yue-Li Nan Yan-Ling Hu Zhi-Ke Liu Fang-Fang Duan Yang Xu Shu Li Ting Li Da-Fang Chen Xiao-Yun Zeng Department of epidemiology School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University Medical Scientific Research Centre Guangxi Medical University Department of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Guangxi Medical University) Ministry of Education

AIM: To investigate the associations between the polymorphisms of cell cycle pathway genes and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: We enrolled 1127 cases newly diagnosed with HCC from the Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and 1200 non-tumor patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. General demographic characteristics, behavioral information, and hematological indices were collected by unified questionnaires. Genomic DNA was isolatedfrom peripheral venous blood using Phenol-Chloroform. The genotyping was performed using the Sequenom Mass ARRAY i PLEX genotyping method. The association between genetic polymorphisms and risk of HCC was shown by P-value and the odd ratio(OR) with 95% confidence interval(CI) using the unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for age, sex, nationality, smoking, drinking, family history of HCC, and hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection. Moreover, stratified analysis was conducted on the basis of the status of HBV infection, smoking, and alcohol ***: The HCC risk was lower in patients with the MCM4 rs2305952 CC(OR = 0.22, 95%CI: 0.08-0.63, P = 0.01) and with the CHEK1 rs515255 TC, TT, TC/TT(OR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.56-0.96, P = 0.02; OR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.46-0.97, P = 0.04; OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.56-0.92, P = 0.01, respectively). Conversely, the HCC risk was higher in patients with the KAT2 B rs17006625 GG(OR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.01-2.64, P = 0.04). In addition, the risk was markedly lower for those who were carriers of MCM4 rs2305952 CC and were also HBs Ag-positive and non-drinking and nonsmoking(P < 0.05, respectively) and for those who were carriers of CHEK1 rs515255 TC, TT, TC/TT and were also HBs Ag-negative and non-drinking(P < 0.05, respectively). Moreover, the risk was higher for those who were carriers of KAT2 B rs17006625 GG and were also HBs Ag-negative(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Of 12 cell cycle pathway genes, MCM4, CHEK1 and KAT2 B polymorphisms may be associated with t

关键词： Cell cycle pathway genes Hepatocellular carcinoma Single nucleotide polymorphism Case-control study genetic susceptibility

Pregnancy outcome of day 3versus day 5 embryo transfer: A retrospective analysis

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第2期6卷 89-92页

作者： Samaher Alfaraj Fatima Alzaher Sahar Alshwaiaer Anwar Ahmed Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility UnitKing Abdul-Aziz Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ministry of HealthDammamSaudi Arabia Assistant professor of biostatistics Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public Health and Health Informatics King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences National Guard Health Affairs RiyadhKSA

Objective:To compare the pregnancy rate between day 3 and day 5 transfer regardless grades of embryos and number of transferred ***: Retrospective cohort, a total of seven hundred and four patients met our inclusion criteria, with 411 had day 3 embryo transfer and 293 had day 5 embryo transfer. The patients who were older than 40 years old were excluded. Embryo transfer was carried out in all patients in both transfer ***:Both clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate did not show any statistically significant difference between the day 3 and day five transfer groups. These were 44%vs. 45% withP=0.82 and 19%vs. 19% withP=0.99 respectively. An increase of miscarriage rate with day 5 embryo transferred compare with day 3 (12.0%vs. 4.4%,P=0.01), but no significant difference was found about biochemical pregnancy rate (P=0.52).Conclusions:Transferring embryo at day 5 may not provide any additional benefit over day 3 transfers to patients. In addition, it increases the risk of miscarriage. Further studies of this issue needed for confirming our findings.

关键词： Embryo transfer Blastocyst Early cleavage stage Pregnancy outcomes Sequential culture media