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Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第2期10卷 1-7页

作者： Kumari Khusbu Gautam Naveen Parajuli Monika Singh Shreejana Pradhananga Amit Sedai Gopal Shilpakar Sushil Sharma Mohan Raj Maharajgunj Medical Campus Institute of Medicine Tribhuvan University Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Research Institute of Medicine Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Neurosurgery Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal

Background Cranial nerve palsy (CNP) is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite a high incidence of TBI in Nepal (382 per 100,000), literature on the specific management and outcome of CNP is lacking. This study aimed to examine the outcomes of TBI patients involving single versus multiple *** A retrospective chart review of 170 consecutive TBI patients admitted to the tertiary neurosurgical center in Nepal between April 2020 and April 2022 was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and etiological characteristics; imaging findings; and management strategies were recorded, compared, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) was used to measure the outcomes in two groups of patients (single and multiple CNP) at 3 *** Out of 250 eligible patients, 80 were excluded and CNP was noted in 29 (17.1%) of the remaining 170. The median age was 34.9 years, and falls (60.6%) were the most common cause of trauma. TBI severity was categorized based on GCS: mild (82.4%), moderate (15.9%), and severe (1.8%). Cranial nerve involvement was seen in 29 (17.05%) patients: single cranial nerve involvement in 26 (89.65%) and multiple nerve involvement in 3 (10.34%). The most common isolated cranial nerve involved was the oculomotor nerve (37.9%). CT findings revealed a maximum of skull fractures with no significant association between CNP and CT *** CNP is a common consequence of TBI with the most common etiology being falls followed by RTA. Single CNP was more common than multiple CNP with no significant difference in the outcome in the 3-month GOSE score. Further research is needed to determine the burden of traumatic CNP and establish specific management guidelines for different types of CNP.

关键词： Cranial nerve palsy Nepal Outcome Traumatic brain injury

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Macrosomia in non-gestational diabetes pregnancy:glucose tolerance test characteristics and feto-maternal complications in tropical Asia Pacific Australia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第6期4卷 436-440页

作者： Algenes Aranha Usman H Malabu Venkat Vangaveti Elham Saleh Reda Yong Mong Tan Kunwarjit Singh Sangla mater private hospital Townsville hospital Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology100 Angus Smith DriveTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia 4814 School of Medicine & Dentistry.James Cook University School of Medicine1 James Cook Drive TownsvilleQueenslandAustralia 4811 Gold Coast hospital Diabetes & Endocrinology 1 Hospital BoulevardSouthportGold CoastQueenslandAustralia 4215

Objective:To look into the glucose tolerance test characteristics and determine complications in non-gestational diabetes pregnant ***:From 2006 to 2009 all non-gestational diabetes mellitus(non-CDM)pregnant women who delivered macrosomia at the North Australia's Townsville hospital were retrospectively reviewed by extracting data from clinical *** tolerance tests results were analysed in the light of an earlier diagnosis of ***:Ninety-one non-CDM mothers with macrosomia were studied and compared with 41normoglycemic subjects without *** the subjects with non-GDM macrosomia,45(49.4%)had normal SO g glucose challenge test(GCT)without further testing,another 8(8.8%)had abnormal GCT but normal 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).A total of 4(4.4%)subjects had normal GCT and ***.14 out of 16(87.5%)subjects who were tested with OGTT owing to past history of macrosomia had normal results but delivered macrosomic *** 12 subjects had both GCT and OGTT,the rest of the cohort had either of the two *** with non-CDM macrosomia had higher frequency of neonatal hypoglycaemia 34%as compared to 10%in nonmacrosomic babies(P=0.003).Other feto-maternal complications were similar in both ***:No significant pattern of glucose tolerance characteristics was identified in nonGDM mothers with macrosomic *** spite of being normoglycemic significant neonatal hypoglycaemia was recorded in non-GDM macrosomic *** prospective studies on a larger population are needed to verify our findings.

关键词： Non-gestational diabetes Macrosomia Glucose tolerance test characteristics Pregnancy

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Liver immunology and herbal treatment

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第17期9卷 757-770页

作者： Yasemin H Balaban Ceylan Aka Ufuk Koca-Caliskan Gastroenterology Unit Private Etimed Hospital Department of Pharmacognosy Gazi University-Pharmacy Faculty

Beyond the metabolic functions, the liver recently has been defined as an organ of immune system(IS), which have central regulatory role for innate and adaptive immunity. The liver keeps a delicate balance between hepatic screening of pathogenic antigens and immune tolerance to self-antigens. Herbal treatments with immunological effects have potential to alter this hepatic immune balance towards either therapeutic side or diseases side by inducing liver injury via hepatotoxicity or initiation of autoimmune diseases. Most commonly known herbal treatments, which have therapeutic effect on liver and IS, have proven via in vitro, in vivo, and/or clinical studies were summarized in this review.

关键词： Herbal treatments Hepatic immunology Drug induced liver injury Adaptive immunity Innate immunity

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Complete spontaneous regression of giant focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation with hepatobiliary contrast media

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10461-10464页

作者： Giuseppe Mamone Settimo Caruso Kelvin Cortis Roberto Miraglia Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services IRCCS ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies) Medical Imaging Department Mater Dei Hospital

Focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH) of the liver is a benign lesion occurring in 0.6%-3% of the general population that probably reflects a local hyperplastic response of hepatocytes to a vascular abnormality. Most lesions are diagnosed incidentally and the natural history of the disease remains largely unknown. It has been shown that most FNH remain stable, or even regress, over a long follow-up period. We present a patient with FNH of the liver who was followed up for 7 years. A 26-yearold woman with a 5-year history of oral contraceptive use was referred to our hospital in February 2005 for further examination of a liver tumour. The diagnosis of FNH was made using magnetic resonance(MR) imaging with hepatospecific contrast media; this technique allows a correct diagnosis, in particular distinguishing FNH from hepatic adenoma, avoiding an invasive procedure such as the lesion biopsy. After 7-year from the diagnosis, we observed the complete spontaneous regression of the lesion by enhanced MR scanning. In this patient, discontinuation of oral contraceptive use and two childbirths may have influenced the natural history of FNH. To our knowledge, in the English literature there is no report illustrating a complete regression of giant FNH but only studies of decreasing in size. The present case suggests that a young patient with giant FNH should be managed conservatively rather than by resection, because FNH has the potential for spontaneous regression.

关键词： Focal nodular hyperplasia Regression Magnetic resonance Oral contraceptives Pregnancy

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BIOCHEMICAL AND CIRCLING BEHAVIORAL ALTERATIONS FOLLOWING INJECTION OF MPTP INTO SNC IN RAT

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第8期34卷 683-687页

作者：乐卫东周孝达金国章许守玺 Department of Neurology Renji Hospital Shanghai 2nd Medical University Department of Pharmacology Shanghai Institute of Mater a Medica

MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine) is a byproduct formed during the synthesis of a meperidine analog. Davis (1979) and Langston (1983) reported a group of drug addicts who developed classical Parki... 详细信息

关键词： MPTP catecholamine DA receptor circling behavioar.

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Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第43期24卷 4846-4861页

作者： Andrew McGuigan Paul Kelly Richard C Turkington Claire Jones Helen G Coleman R Stephen McCain Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology Queen’s University Belfast Department of Pathology Royal Victoria HospitalBelfast Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Mater Hospital Centre for Public Health Queen’s University Belfast

This review aims to outline the most up-to-date knowledge of pancreatic adenocarcinoma risk, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes, while identifying gaps that aim to stimulate further research in this understudied malignancy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal condition with a rising incidence, predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer death in some regions. It often presents at an advanced stage, which contributes to poor five-year survival rates of 2%-9%, ranking firmly last amongst all cancer sites in terms of prognostic outcomes for patients. Better understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with this disease is essential to inform both health prof.ssionals and the general population of potential preventive and/or early detection measures. The identification of high-risk patients who could benefit from screening to detect pre-malignant conditions such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms is urgently required, however an acceptable screening test has yet to be identified. The management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is evolving, with the introduction of new surgical techniques and medical therapies such as laparoscopic techniques and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however this has only led to modest improvements in outcomes. The identification of novel biomarkers is desirable to move towards a precision medicine era, where pancreatic cancer therapy can be tailored to the individual patient, while unnecessary treatments that have negative consequences on quality of life could be prevented for others. Research efforts must also focus on the development of new agents and delivery systems. Overall, considerable progress is required to reduce the burden associated with pancreatic cancer. Recent, renewed efforts to fund large consortia and research into pancreatic adenocarcinoma are welcomed, but further streams will be necessary to facilitate the momentum needed to

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Pancreatic cancer risk factors Pancreatic cancer treatment

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Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TRUP) for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) in Central Cote D’Ivoire: Indications and Results

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第2期14卷 27-38页

作者： Kouassi Patrice Avion N’diamoi Akassimadou Venance Alloka Sadia Kamara Koffi Dje Urology Department Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined histologically as adenomyofromatous hyperplasia of the transitional zone of the prostate. It remains the most common benign tumour in men over the age of 50, and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the surgical treatment of choice. Objectives: To determine the indications and present our results of transurethral resection of the prostate. Patients and Methods: After obtaining approval from the ethics committee of the private hospital and the university hospital of Bouaké (Côte d’Ivoire), we conducted a cross-sectional study of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) between January 2021 and April 2023. All patients and their families were informed beforehand and had signed an informed consent form. All patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with ultrasound weight of less than 80 grams were included. The following parameters were studied: age, reason for consultation, ultrasound prostate weight of benign prostatic hyperplasia, indication for TURP, duration of operation, blood loss, duration of post-PRT urinary drainage, length of hospital stay, morbidity and mortality, and outcome. Results: 39 patients with a mean age of 58.3 years (57-77 years) underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). TURP was indicated in 46.15% (n = 18) of cases of refractory acute urinary retention with failure of the urinary catheter removal test, 17.94% (n = 7) of cases of lower urinary tract disorders that were incapacitating despite treatment, 15.38% (n = 6) of cases of refractory or recurrent urinary tract infection, 10.25% (n = 4) of cases of failure of medical treatment and 10.25% (n = 4) of cases of iterative hematuria. The mean duration of TURP was 53.68 min (48-57), the mean weight of the resected prostate was 58.7 g (35 and 83 g), blood loss was minimal in 92.30% (n = 36), the mean duration of irrigation-washing was 2. 5 days (1-3 da

关键词： BPH TURP Endo-Urology Prostate

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Genetics and pathophysiology of mammalian sulfate biology

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第1期44卷 7-20页

作者： Rachel Langford Elizabeth Hurrion Paul A. Dawson mater Research Institute University of Queensland Woolloongabba 4102 Queensland Australia mater Mothers' hospital South Brisbane 4101 Queensland Australia

Nutrient sulfate is essential for numerous physiological functions in mammalian growth and development. Accordingly, disruptions to any of the molecular processes that maintain the required biological ratio of sulfonated and unconjugated substrates are likely to have detrimental consequences for mammalian physiology. Molecular processes of sulfate biology can be broadly grouped into four categories： firstly, intracellular sulfate levels are maintained by intermediary metabolism and sulfate transporters that mediate the transfer of sulfate across the plasma membrane; secondly, sulfate is converted to 3＇-phosphoadenosine 5＇-phosphosulfate （PAPS）, which is the universal sulfonate donor for all sulfonation reactions; thirdly, sulfotransferases mediate the intracellular sulfonation of endogenous and exogenous substrates; fourthly, sulfate is removed from substrates via sulfatases. From the literature, we curated 91 human genes that encode all known sulfate transporters, enzymes in pathways of sulfate generation, PAPS synthetases and transporters, sulfotransferases and sulfatases, with a focus on genes that are linked to human and animal pathophysiology. The predominant clinical features linked to these genes include neurological dysfunction, skeletal dysplasias, reduced fecundity and reproduction, and cardiovascular pathologies. Collectively, this review provides reference information for genetic investigations of perturbed mammalian sulfate biology.

关键词： Sulfate Pathogenetics Transport Sulfotransferase Sulfatase PAPS

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Commentary on “PGT or ICSI? The impression of NGS-based PGT outcomes in nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome”

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 651-652页

作者： Ermanno Greco Filomena Scarselli Giulia Pirastu private hospital Villa Mafalda Center for Reproductive Medicine5 Monte delle Gioie St.Rome 00199Italy

Klinefelter syndrome(KS),described for the first time in 1942,is the most common chromosome aneuploidy in men,affecting from 1/500 to 1/1000 newborn males,and it frequently causes *** the majority of cases,KS patients present a nonmosaic karyotype 47,XXY or a mosaic 47,XXY/46,XY karyotipe.1 KS is characterized usually by gynecomastia,small testes,and alteration of germinal epithelium and Sertoli cell.

关键词： epithelium Klinefelter frequent

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Handbook of Stroke Prevention in Clinical Practice 1

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丛书名： Current Clinical Neurology

2004年

作者： Karen L. Furie Peter J. Kelly

ISBN: (数字)9781592597697

ISBN: (纸本)9781588291585;9781468498561

Although the strategies for stroke prevention are scientifically validated and widely accepted, they are often not effectively implemented, and the incidence of stroke has not decreased significantly. In Handbook of Stroke Prevention in Clinical Practice, leading physicians bring together all the up-to-date resources that a physician needs everyday in the office to assess and treat patients at high risk of stroke. The authors isolate the individual areas where intervention can help reduce stroke risk, providing not only background data on the major risk factors (hypertension, lipids, diabetes, tobacco, and alcohol)-along with the epidemiological and clinical trials data available to support the proposed intervention-but also practical advice on such lifestyle issues as diet, vitamin use, and exercise. Among the therapies fully discussed are lipid management, antithrombotic therapy, hormonal therapy, stenting, and angioplasty. Many of the basic tools necessary to measure risk and counsel patients are also provided, along with informative discussions of the less common causes of stroke, perioperative stroke risk assessment and management, the possibilities for early detection using novel biomarkers, and genetic susceptibility to stroke.;Comprehensive and state-of-the-art, Handbook of Stroke Prevention in Clinical Practice is a concise survey of stroke and stroke prevention that offers busy physicians the practical resources needed to assess patients at high risk of stroke, determine optimal stroke prevention and management strategies, and successfully explain them to patients and their families.

关键词： Neurology

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