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Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第5期5卷 1097-1106页

作者： Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law Lawrence PK Li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-Chung Yau Tsz-Kok Yau Benny CY Zee Department of Clinical Oncology Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong Breast Cancer Foundation Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Kwong Wah Hospital Diagnostix Pathology Laboratories Ltd Canossa Hospital Kowloon East Cluster Breast Centre Department of Surgery United Christian Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital private Clinical Oncologist Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre Hong Kong Baptist Hospital Comprehensive Oncology Centre Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital Hong Kong Adventist Oncology Center Hong Kong Adventist Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology University of Hong Kong Department of Clinical Oncology Tuen Mun Hospital private Surgeon Department of Clinical Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital

AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(< 40 years old) vs older patients(≥ 40 years old) for subsequent ***: Analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to risk factors were performed on 7152 women with primary breast cancer and the results revealed that younger patients were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P < 0.001), having high stress in life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), having dairy/meat-rich diets(20.2% vs 12.9%, P < 0.001),having alcohol drinking habit(7.7% vs 5.2%, P = 0.002). Younger patients were also more likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001) and an early age at menarche(20.7% vs 13.2%, P < 0.001). Analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older ***

关键词： Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry Breast cancer Younger Chinese women Sociodemographic characteristics Risk factors Clinicopathological characteristics Breast cancer treatment

Single nucleotide polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene affects inflammatory bowel diseases risk

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4652-4661页

作者： Lynnette R Ferguson Claudia Huebner Ivonne Petermann Richard B Gearry Murray L Barclay Pieter Demmers Alan McCulloch Dug Yeo Han Discipline of Nutrition the University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand Department of Gastroenterology Christchurch HospitalChristchurch 8140 New Zealand Crop and Food Research Mosgiel 9053 New Zealand AgResearch Limited Mosgiel 9053 New Zealand

AIM: To investigate the role that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene play in the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in a New Zealand population, in the context of international studies. METHODS: DNA samples from 388 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 405 ulcerative colitis (UC), 27 indeterminate colitis (IC) and 201 randomly selected controls, from Canterbury, New Zealand were screened for 3 common polymorphisms in the TNF-α receptor: -238 G→A, -308 G→A and -857C→T, using a TaqmanR assay. A meta-analysis was performed on the data obtained on these polymorphisms combined with that from other published studies. RESULTS: Individuals carrying the -308 G/A allele had a significantly (OR = 1.91, χ2 = 17.36, P < 0.0001) increased risk of pancolitis, and a 1.57-fold increased risk (OR = 1.57, χ2 = 4.34, P = 0.037) of requiring a bowel resection in UC. Carrying the -857 C/T variant decreased the risk of ileocolonic CD (OR = 0.56, χ2 =4.32, P = 0.037), and the need for a bowel resection (OR = 0.59, χ2 = 4.85, P = 0.028). The risk of UC was reduced in individuals who were smokers at diagnosis, (OR = 0.48, χ2 = 4.86, P = 0.028). CONCLUSION: TNF-α is a key cytokine known to play a role in inflammatory response, and the locus for the gene is found in the IBD3 region on chromosome 6p21, known to be associated with an increased risk for IBD. The -308 G/A SNP in the TNF-α promoter is functional, and may account in part for the increased UC risk associated with the IBD3 genomic region. The -857 C/T SNP may decrease IBD risk in certain groups. Pharmaco- or nutrigenomic approaches may be desir- able for individuals with such affected genotypes.

关键词： Tumour necrosis factor alpha Singlenucleotide polymorphisms Inflammatory boweldiseases Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis

New therapeutic perspectives in irritable bowel syndrome: Targeting low-grade inflammation, immuno-neuroendocrine axis, motility, secretion and beyond

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第36期23卷 6593-6627页

作者： Emanuele Sinagra Gaetano Cristian Morreale Ghazaleh Mohammadian Giorgio Fusco Valentina Guarnotta Giovanni Tomasello Francesco Cappello Francesca Rossi Georgios Amvrosiadis Dario Raimondo Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione Istituto Giuseppe GiglioContrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience Section of Human AnatomyUniversity of Palermo Unit of Gastroenterology Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Vincenzo Cervello Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University Hospital Unit of Internal Medicine Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Vincenzo Cervello Section of Cardio-Respiratory and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist MedicineUniversity of Palermo

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a chronic,recurring,and remitting functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain,distention,and changes in bowel *** there are several drugs for IBS,effective and approved treatments for one or more of the symptoms for various IBS subtypes are *** understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms such as the role of impaired bile acid metabolism,neurohormonal regulation,immune dysfunction,the epithelial barrier and the secretory properties of the gut has led to advancements in the treatment of *** regards to therapies for restoring intestinal permeability,multiple studies with prebiotics and probiotics are ongoing,even if to date their efficacy has been *** parallel,much progress has been made in targeting low-grade inflammation,especially through the introduction of drugs such as mesalazine and rifaximin,even if a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the low-grade inflammation in IBS may allow the design of clinical trials that test the efficacy and safety of such *** literature review aims to summarize the findings related to new and investigational therapeutic agents for IBS,most recently developed in preclinical as well as Phase 1 and Phase 2clinical studies.

关键词： Therapy Low grade inflammation Motility Secretion Irritable bowel syndrome Immunoendocrine axis

Antibiotic resistance patterns of urinary tract pathogens in Turkish children

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Global Health Research and Policy 2018年第1期3卷 322-326页

作者： Suzan Gunduz Hatice UludağAltun Department of Pediatrics Private Batman HospitalGultepe mah.Palmiyem 1 sitesi D blok no:13BatmanTurkey Microbiologist and clinical Microbiologist AnkaraTurkey

Background:Knowledge of local antimicrobial resistance patterns is essential for evidence-based empirical antibiotic *** aimed to investigate the distribution and changes in causative agents of urinary tract infections in children and the resistance rates,and to recommend the most appropriate ***:In this retrospective study,we evaluated causative agents and antimicrobial resistance in urine isolates from the positive community from September 2014 to April 2016 in a single hospital in Ankara,***:A total of 850 positive urine cultures were identified,of which 588(69.2%)were from girls and 262(30.8%)were from *** mean age was 36.5±45.0 *** most common causative agent was Escherichia coli(64.2%of cases)followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.9%).The overall resistance to ampicillin(62.6%),cephalothin(44.2%),co-trimoxazole(29.8%)and cefuroxime(28.7%)was *** resistance to imipenem was detected in the *** least resistance was for amikacin,ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin and cefepime(0.1,2.4,7.5 and 8.3%,respectively).Imipenem was the most active agent against *** followed by amikacin(0.2%),ceftriaxone(2.7%)and nitrofurantoin(5.1%).High resistance rates to nitrofurantoin were detected in ***,Proteus and ***:*** was the most common causative agent of urinary tract infection in ***,trimethoprim-sulfometaxazole,cephalothin and cefuroxim had the highest resistance rates against urinary tract pathogens in our *** oral empirical antibiotherapy,cefixime is the most appropriate choice so as to include Klebsiella strains.

关键词： Urinary tract infection Resistance patterns Uropathogens Empirical treatment Urinary culture

Visual outcomes 24 months after LaserACE

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Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 70-80页

作者： AnnMarie Hipsley David Hui-Kang Ma Chi-Chin Sun Mitchell A.Jackson Daniel Goldberg Brad Hall Ace Vision Group Inc 39655 Eureka DriveNewarkCA 94560USA Department of Ophthalmology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKweishanTaoyuanTaiwan Department of Chinese Medicine Chang Gung UniversityKweishanTaoyuanTaiwan Center for Tissue Engineering Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKweishanTaoyuanTaiwan Department of Ophthalmology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan Jackson Eye Lake VillaILUSA Drexel College of Medicine PhiladelphiaPAUSA Sengi Data CambridgeONCanada

Background:To evaluate the effects on near and intermediate visual performance after bilateral Laser Anterior Ciliary Excision(LaserACE)***:LaserACE surgery was performed using the VisioLite 2.94μm erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet(Er:YAG)ophthalmic laser system in 4 oblique quadrants on the sclera over the ciliary muscle in 3 critical zones of physiological importance(over the ciliary muscles and posterior zonules)with the aim to improve natural dynamic accommodative *** was performed on 26 patients(52 eyes).Outcomes were analyzed using visual acuity testing,Randot stereopsis,and the CatQuest 9SF patient ***:Binocular uncorrected near visual acuity(UNVA)improved from+0.20±0.16 logMAR preoperatively,to+0.12±0.14 logMAR at 24 months postoperatively(p=0.0014).There was no statistically significant loss in distance corrected near visual acuity(DCNVA).Binocular DCNVA improved from+0.21±0.17 logMAR preoperatively,to+0.11±0.12 logMAR at 24 months postoperatively(p=0.00026).Stereoacuity improved from 74.8±30.3 s of arc preoperatively,to 58.8±22.9 s of arc at 24 months postoperatively(p=0.012).There were no complications such as persistent hypotony,cystoid macular edema,or loss of best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA).Patients surveyed indicated reduced difficulty in areas of near vision,and were overall satisfied with the ***:Preliminary results of the LaserACE procedure show promising results for restoring visual performance for near and intermediate visual tasks without compromising distance vision and without touching the visual *** visual function and visual acuity improvements had clinical *** satisfaction was high postoperatively and sustained over 24 months.

关键词： Presbyopia Accommodation Clinical trial Asian eyes Visual acuity

Effect and feasibility of wearable physical activity trackers and pedometers for increasing physical activity and improving health outcomes in cancer survivors:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 184-193页

作者： Benjamin Singh Eva M.Zopf Erin J Howden Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation Greenslopes Private HospitalGreenslopesQLD 4120Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute MelbourneVIC 3004Australia

Purpose:This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of wearable devices for improving physical activity and healthrelated outcomes in cancer ***:CINAHL,Cochrane,Ebscohost,MEDLINE,Pubmed,ProQuest Health and Medical Complete,ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source,ScienceDirect,and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published before September 1,2020,that evaluated interventions involving wearable devices in cancer *** mean differences(SMDs)were calculated to assess effects on physical activity and health-related *** analyses were conducted to assess whether the effects differed by interventions and cancer *** of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias ***:Thirty-five trials were included(breast cancer,n=15,43%).Intervention durations ranged between 4 weeks and 1 *** trials(n=25,71%)involved pedometer-based physical activity ***(20%)involved Fitbit-based interventions,and 3(9%)involved other wearable physical activity trackers(e.g.,Polar,Garmin).Compared to usual care,wearable devices had moderate-to-large effects(SMD range 0.54-0.87,p<0.001)on moderate-intensity physical activity,moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity,total physical activity,and daily *** to usual care,those in the intervention had higher quality of life,aerobic fitness,physical function,and reduced fatigue(SMD range=0.18-0.66,all p<0.05).Conclusion:Wearable physical activity trackers and pedometers are effective tools that increase physical activity and improve health-related outcomes in individuals with *** how these devices can be implemented for longer-term use with other intervention components remains an area for future research.

关键词： Activity tracker Cancer Exercise Physical activity Wearable

Efficacy and Safety of Alexandrite and Nd:YAG Laser Combination in Permanent Hair Removal

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2023年第9期14卷 419-427页

作者： Şule Gençoğlu Department of Dermatology Private G&oumlzde Akademi Hospital Malatya Türkiye

Background and Objective: Unwanted hair growth is a discomforting issue affecting both genders. People have tried various methods to get rid of this situation. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser treatment for permanent hair removal, drawing insights from existing literature. Materials and Methods:This study included a total of 2127 patients (302 males, 1825 females) aged 18 - 65, with complete data, who underwent hair removal treatment between December 2018 and April 2021. These patients were treated using the Duetta laser system (Quanta system, Samarate, Italy), combining Alexandrite 755 nm and Nd:YAG 1064 nm wavelengths. The patients’ skin types were classified according to the Fitzpatrick classification scale. Target area/areas for laser hair removal was/were determined. Laser parameters, pulse counts, pain levels assessed through the Visual Pain Scale (VPS), and patient satisfaction were documented based on skin types. Findings: Across various skin types, Types I - II exhibited the highest treatment success rates (87%), with the axillary region achieving the highest rate (83%) and the face region achieving the lowest rate (75%). Pain scale analysis indicated that 98% of patients tolerated the procedure well. Patient satisfaction levels exceeded 90%. Evaluation of complication rates revealed minimal occurrences. Conclusion: The combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser system demonstrates both efficacy and safety across diverse skin types, attributed to its notable success rates, minimal adverse effects, and high patient tolerance.

关键词： Laser Hair Removal Alexandrite Laser Nd:YAG Laser

A single-stage bilayered skin reconstruction using Glyaderm■as an acellular dermal regeneration template results in improved scar quality:an intra-individual randomized controlled trial

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Burns & Trauma 2023年第1期11卷 408-428页

作者： Ignace De Decker Henk Hoeksema Jozef Verbelen Petra De Coninck Marijn Speeckaert Sofie De Schepper Phillip Blondeel Ali Pirayesh Stan Monstrey Karel E.Y.Claes Burn Center Ghent University HospitalC.Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium Department of Plastic Surgery Ghent University HospitalC.Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium Department of Nephrology Ghent University HospitalC.Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium Department of Dermatology Ghent University HospitalC.Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium Plastic surgeon in private practice in Amsterdam AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background:Absence of almost the entire reticular dermal layer is inherent to the use of autologous split-thickness skin grafting(STSG)to close full-thickness wounds,often resulting in hypertrophic scars and *** dermal substitutes have been developed,but unfortunately most have varying results in terms of cosmetic and/or functional improvement as well as patient satisfac-tion,in addition to high *** skin reconstruction using the human-derived glycerolized acellular dermis(Glyaderm■)has been reported to result in significantly improved scar quality using a two-step *** the necessary two-step procedure for most commercially available dermal substitutes,in this study we aimed to investigate the use of Glyaderm■in a more cost-effective single-stage *** is a method which,if autografts are available,is preferred by the majority of surgeons given the reduction in costs,hospitalization time and infection ***:A prospective,randomized,controlled,intra-individual,single-blinded study was per-formed,investigating the simultaneous application of Glyaderm■and STSG *** alone in full-thickness burns or comparable deep skin *** the acute phase,bacterial load,graft take and time to wound closure were assessed and were the primary *** and functional results(secondary outcomes)were evaluated at 3,6,9 and 12 months follow-up using subjective and objective scar measurement *** for histological analysis were taken at 3 and 12 ***:A total of 66 patients representing 82 wound comparisons were *** take(>95%),pain management and healing time were comparable in both *** 1 year follow-up,the overall Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale assessed by the patient was significantly in favour of sites where Glyaderm■was *** infrequently,patients attributed this difference to improved skin *** analysis showed the presence of a well-formed neoder

关键词： Burn Scar Skin Glyaderm■ Dermal substitute Dermal regeneration template Elastin

Primary 23-gauge vitreoretinal surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第2期5卷 226-230页

作者： Ates Yanyali Gokhan Celik Alper Dincyildiz Fatih Horozoglu Ahmet F. Nohutcu private Practice Bagdat Cad. Alantar Ap. No: 302/6 Istanbul Turkey Department of Ophthalmology Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital Istanbul Turkey Department of Ophthalmology Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine Tekirdag Turkey

AIM: To report the effectiveness and safety of primary 23-Gauge (G) vitreoretinal surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). · METHODS: In this retrospective study, 49 eyes of 49 consecutive patients who underwent primary 23-G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) for RRD between January 2007 and July 2009 at our institution were evaluated. · RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 8.9±7.7 months (1-28 months). Retinal reattachment was achieved with a single operation in 47(95.9%) of 49 eyes. In two eyes (4.1%), retinal redetachment due to new breaks was successfully treated with reoperation using the 23-G TSV system. Mean logMAR visual acuity was 2.01±0.47 preoperatively and 1.3±0.5 postoperatively (P <0.001, Paired t -test). Mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 14.1±2.8mmHg. Mean postoperative IOP was 12.3±3.6mmHg at 1 day, 13.1±2.1mmHg at 1 week, 14.3±2.2mmHg at 1 month. Iatrogenic peripheral retinal break was observed in 1 eye(2.0%) intraoperatively. No sutures were required to close the scleral or conjunctival openings, and no eyes required convertion of surgery to 20-G vitrectomy. · CONCLUSION: Primary 23-G TSV system was observed to be effective and safe in the treatment of RRD.

关键词： pars plana vitrectomy retinal detachment rhegmatogenous retinal detachment transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy vitreoretinal surgery 23-gauge vitrectomy