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Materials Reports(Energy) 2024年第3期4卷 77-83页

作者： Habtamu Fekadu Etefa Francis Birhanu Dejene Department of Physics Walter Sisulu UniversityPrivate Bag X-1Mthatha5117South Africa

ZnO nanowires(ZnO NWs),ZnO nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)and carbon dots(C-dots)were synthesized by hydrothermal,sol-gel and hydrothermal methods *** were also characterized and applied for dye sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).The effects of C-dots on ZnO NWs and ZnO NPs have been *** C-dots were used at a mole ratio of citric acid(CA)to ethylene diamine(EDA)of 1:*** C-dots were found to enhance the performance of the flexible electrode *** the addition of C-dots,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of ZnO NPs was boosted to be two times higher than that of ZnO NPs DSSCs without ***,the ultraviolet(UV)-band revealed a blue shift,resulting in a lower band gap and a reduced charge transfer resistance,which can enhance the PCE of *** loaded quantity on the flexible electrode substrate made of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)was optimized(50 mg).For DSSCs,the PET flexible electrode conductive polymer has produced positive *** ZnO NWs and ZnO NWs@C-dots,the PCE values were 1.45%and 4.25%;while for ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs@C-dots,they were 2.34%and 5.81%,*** work achieved remarkable and competitive performance when compared to solid(indium tin oxides/glass)-based substrate.

关键词： ZnO NWs@C-dots ZnO NPs@C-dots PET DSSCs Flexible electrode

Classifying moisture sources associated with snowfall in the mountains of Lesotho

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1941-1953页

作者： Alexi M.MARINAKI Jennifer M.FITCHETT School of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag X3Wits 2050South Africa

An average of eight snowfall events occur each year in the eastern Lesotho *** snowfall events are typically associated with cut-off low(CoLs)systems and mid-latitude ***,the moisture sources of the snowfall are unclassified and *** Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model,an air mass back trajectory model,has been used to evaluate moisture source waters locally in southern Africa and internationally in China and *** study uses HYSPLIT to determine the source moisture of snow in Lesotho.A list of all 82 snowfall events in Lesotho spanning 2017 to 2022 was compiled using the Snow Report SA Instagram page,including the date and location of snowfall.A 72-hour back trajectory for each snowfall event was initiated for both Afriski and the whole of *** amounts to models of moisture source trajectories for 28 and 82 snowfall days,*** air mass pathways are classified according to their frequency per snowfall event,per month in the snow season,per year and for the full *** this,associated moisture source regions and dominant air mass trajectories were *** study reports that the air mass trajectories associated with Afriski and Lesotho as a whole are very *** most common pathway of air mass trajectories transporting snow-bearing moisture to Lesotho was an inland trajectory from the northern regions of southern *** pathway makes up 16.6%of all trajectories reported and is associated with the Angola Low,the Congo Air Boundary and the *** High Pressure.

关键词： Eastern Lesotho Highlands Afriski Snow Cut-off Lows HYSPLIT Synoptic Climatology

Conserved vectors and symmetry solutions of the Landau–Ginzburg–Higgs equation of theoretical physics

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 51-65页

作者： Chaudry Masood Khalique Mduduzi Yolane Thabo Lephoko Material Science Innovation and Modelling Research Focus AreaDepartment of Mathematical SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusPrivate Bag X 2046Mmabatho 2735South Africa

This paper is devoted to the investigation of the Landau–Ginzburg–Higgs equation(LGHe),which serves as a mathematical model to understand phenomena such as superconductivity and cyclotron *** LGHe finds applications in various scientific fields,including fluid dynamics,plasma physics,biological systems,and *** study adopts Lie symmetry analysis as the primary framework for *** analysis involves the identification of Lie point symmetries that are admitted by the differential *** leveraging these Lie point symmetries,symmetry reductions are performed,leading to the discovery of group invariant *** obtain explicit solutions,several mathematical methods are applied,including Kudryashov's method,the extended Jacobi elliptic function expansion method,the power series method,and the simplest equation *** methods yield solutions characterized by exponential,hyperbolic,and elliptic *** obtained solutions are visually represented through 3D,2D,and density plots,which effectively illustrate the nature of the *** plots depict various patterns,such as kink-shaped,singular kink-shaped,bell-shaped,and periodic ***,the paper employs the multiplier method and the conservation theorem introduced by Ibragimov to derive conserved *** conserved vectors play a crucial role in the study of physical quantities,such as the conservation of energy and momentum,and contribute to the understanding of the underlying physics of the system.

关键词： Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation Lie symmetry analysis group invariant solutions conserved vectors multiplier method Ibragimov's method

Applications of cnoidal and snoidal wave solutions via optimal system of subalgebras for a generalized extended (2+1)-D quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with power-law nonlinearity in oceanography and ocean engineering

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 126-153页

作者： Oke Davies Adeyemo International Institute for Symmetry Analysis and Mathematical Modelling Department of Mathematical SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusPrivate Bag X 2046Mmabatho 2735Republic of South Africa

The nonlinear evolution equations have a wide range of applications,more precisely in physics,biology,chemistry and engineering *** domain serves as a point of interest to a large extent in the world’s mathematical ***,this paper purveys an analytical study of a generalized extended(2+1)-dimensional quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with power-law nonlinearity in oceanography and ocean *** Lie group theory of differential equations is utilized to compute an optimal system of one dimension for the Lie algebra of the *** further reduce the equation using the subalgebras ***,more general solutions of the underlying equation are secured for some special cases of n with the use of extended Jacobi function expansion ***,we secure new bounded and unbounded solutions of interest for the equation in various solitonic structures including bright,dark,periodic(cnoidal and snoidal),compact-type as well as singular *** applications of cnoidal and snoidal waves of the model in oceanography and ocean engineering for the first time,are outlined with suitable *** can be of interest to oceanographers and ocean engineers for future ***,to visualize the dynamics of the results found,we present the graphic display of each of the ***,we construct conservation laws of the understudy equation via the application of Noether’s theorem.

关键词： A generalized extended(2+1)-dimensional quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation Lie point symmetries Optimal system of subalgebras Cnoidal and snoidal waves Extended Jacobi function expansion technique Conservation laws

A review of whole-medical systems and holistic care approach for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 199-209页

作者： Loveness Makoni Idah T.Manduna Alaisa L.Mbiriri Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology(CAFSaB) Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Adventist Development and Relief Agency(ADRA) 5 Cecil RoadGreendaleHarare 0000Zimbabwe

Whole-person care and holistic care approach has been proposed for complementary and integrative health care for type 2 diabetes ***,some doubts still exist on the feasibility of replicating processes followed in clinical trials and observational studies in real-world *** narrative literature review summarized and assessed existing clinical evidence(clinical trials,observational studies,and case reports)describing holistic and integrated care approach in adult and adolescent individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical *** goal was to highlight existing evidence for implementation and outcomes of whole-medical systems and holistic integrated care approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus.A nonsystematic literature search was performed on Google Scholar,PubMed,Web of Science,ProQuest and ScienceDirect to identify clinical evidence from different parts of the world,evaluating the use of whole-medical systems and/or holistic care interventions in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes *** keywords were used in the *** were analyzed using content analysis and simple descriptive statistics(percentages).Most of the studies(64%)were mainly conducted in Eastern countries(India,China and Israel)while 36%of the studies were conducted in the Western countries(USA,Netherlands,Canada and Mexico).Lifestyle medicine and integrated naturopathy were shown to be the commonly used whole-medical systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus *** improvements in type 2 diabetes parameters,medication use,other symptoms,and overall feeling of wellness were observed in all *** review study revealed limited utilization and/or documentation of whole-medical systems or holistic care treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus in regions of the world other than eastern *** medicine,naturopathy,yoga,Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine were shown to be effective for type 2 diabetes mellitu

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Holistic care Integrative medicine Type 2 diabetes mellitus Team-based intervention

NFA:A neural factorization autoencoder based online telephony fraud detection

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 158-167页

作者： Abdul Wahid Mounira Msahli Albert Bifet Gerard Memmi Department of Computer Sciences and Networks(INFRES) LTCITelecom ParisInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseau91120France Artificial Intelligence Institute The University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 31053240HamiltonNew Zealand

The proliferation of internet communication channels has increased telecom fraud,causing billions of euros in losses for customers and the industry each *** constantly find new ways to engage in illegal activity on the *** reduce these losses,a new fraud detection approach is *** fraud detection involves identifying a small number of fraudulent calls from a vast amount of call *** an effective strategy to combat fraud has become *** much effort has been made to detect fraud,most existing methods are designed for batch processing,not real-time *** solve this problem,we propose an online fraud detection model using a Neural Factorization Autoencoder(NFA),which analyzes customer calling patterns to detect fraudulent *** model employs Neural Factorization Machines(NFM)and an Autoencoder(AE)to model calling patterns and a memory module to adapt to changing customer *** evaluate our approach on a large dataset of real-world call detail records and compare it with several state-of-the-art *** results show that our approach outperforms the baselines,with an AUC of 91.06%,a TPR of 91.89%,an FPR of 14.76%,and an F1-score of 95.45%.These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in detecting fraud in real-time and suggest that it can be a valuable tool for preventing fraud in telecommunications networks.

关键词： Telecom industry Streaming anomaly detection Fraud analysis Factorization machine Real-time system Security

Book review “Wattles: Australian Acacia species around the world” by David M. Richardson, Johannes J. Le Roux and Elizabete Marchante

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 140-141页

作者： Klaus von Gadow Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-University GöttingenBüsgenweg 5D-37077GöttingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

In a world of Google and AI, developing an encyclopedic coverage of a theme that is of great interest to biologists, social scientists, politicians and environmental managers, is a daunting challenge. Wattles is a book that presents new knowledge, makes interesting reading, and has the potential to stimulate research in a variety of disciplines. We learn that Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a genus of shrubs and trees comprising 1,083 species of which 417 are known to have been introduced to areas outside their native range. We are surprised to read that Australian acacias are found almost everywhere, in virtually all terrestrial habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, alpine settings,rainforests, coastal dunes and deserts, causing major environmental and socio-economic changes in the invaded regions. Until recently, Acacia comprised a group of plant species native to Africa, South America and Australasia, but the name is now reserved for species predominantly from Australia, including some from Southeast Asia. The genus name Acacia is Neo-Latin, and refers to a preparation extracted from the leaves and fruit pods of Vachellia nilotica, the original type of the genus.

关键词： Richardson outside Latin

Nanotechnology approaches towards biodeterioration-resistant wood:A review

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 3-26页

作者： Ayyoob Arpanaei Qiliang Fu Tripti Singh Scion Private Bag 3020Rotorua 3046New Zealand Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Wood can be a suitable alternative to energy-intensive materials in various ***-ertheless,its susceptibility to weathering and decay has significantly hindered the broad adop-tion of the most commercially significant wood *** current solutions do tackle certain challenges,they often come with disadvantages like high costs,environmental risks,and/or ***-based methods can be employed to mitigate these weaknesses and create durable,sustainable wood *** this review,we delve into cutting-edge advance-ments in the development of biodeterioration-resistant wood through innovative nanotechnol-ogy *** methods usually involve the application of nanomaterials,either pos-sessing biocidal properties or serving as carriers for *** systematically describe these approaches and compare them to conventional wood modification ***,this re-view provides a brief overview of the prevalent biodeteriorating organisms and their mechanisms of action,which notably impact the development and choice of a suitable strategy for wood mod-ification/*** the requirements of biodeteriorating organisms for growth and wood degradation,it is expected that the new nanotechnology-based approaches to enhance wood dura-bility may provide innovative broad-spectrum biocidal *** systems can simulta-neously induce alterations in the physicochemical properties of wood,thereby constraining the availability of the growth *** alterations can efficiently inhibit the biodeterio-ration process by decreasing water absorption,restricting access to the wood components,and reducing void spaces within the wood ***,this review highlights the new oppor-tunities,challenges,and perspectives of nanotechnology methods for biodeterioration-resistant wood,through which some techno-economic,environmental and safety aspects associated with these methods are addressed.

关键词： Wood durability Decay Wood modification Biodeterioration mechanisms Biocides Wood nanotechnology

Investigations of nuclear chirality at iThemba LABS

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 7-38页

作者： R.A.Bark E.A.Lawrie C.Liu S.Y.Wang iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences National Research FoundationP.O.Box 722Somerset-West 7129South Africa Department of Physics University of the Western CapePrivate Bag X177535BellvilleSouth Africa Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China

Progress in the studies of chirality in atomic nuclei at iThemba LABS is *** regions of chirality,around mass 80 and 190 have been discovered using the AFRODITE array,specifically in the nuclei^(74)As,^(78,80,82)Br,^(81)Kr,and^(193,194,198)*** phenomena have been observed,including multiple chiral bands in the same nucleus,the coexistence of octupole correlations and nuclear chirality,and the coexistence of pseudo spin and nuclear *** best example of chiral degeneracy to date was found in ^(194)*** level scheme of ^(106)Ag has been revisited and interpreted in terms of two-and four-quasiparticle *** using the particle-rotor model have shown that the fingerprints of chirality in the two-quasiparticle system only can occur in an idealised model *** systems with a higher number of quasiparticles,the calculations showed that nuclear chirality can persist.

关键词： chirality high-spin states particle-rotor model

Anisotropic quintessence compact star in f(T)gravity with Tolman–Kuchowicz metric potentials

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 61-75页

作者： Piyali Bhar Farook Rahaman Shyam Das Somi Aktar Abdelghani Errehymy Department of Mathematics Government General Degree College SingurHooghlyWest Bengal 712409India Department of Mathematics Jadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032West BengalIndia Department of Physics Malda College MaldaWest Bengal 732101India Astrophysics Research Centre School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa

To obtain analytically relativistic quintessence anisotropic spherical solutions in the f(T)paradigm is the primary objective of this *** do this,the pressure anisotropy condition is imposed,and we employ a metric potential of the Tolman–Kuchowicz(TK)*** also suppose that our current model incorporates a quintessence field characterized by a parameterωq,in addition to the anisotropic matter *** the presence of the parameterα,the field equations are modified by the choice of the f(T)*** f(T)gravity parameterαadds new components to the basic physical characteristics,such as density,pressure,subliminal sound velocity,surface redshift,etc,of the present *** selecting the compact star Her x-1 and varyingαfrom 0.5 to 2.5,we examined all the physical characteristics of the model parameter of the *** graphical process demonstrates that a more compact item is produced with greater values ofα.The hydrostatic equilibrium condition of the model is discussed,as well as the mass-radius relationship for our current model is obtained.

关键词： quintessence star f(T)gravity stability condition