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Materials Reports(Energy) 2024年第3期4卷 77-83页

作者： Habtamu Fekadu Etefa Francis Birhanu Dejene Department of Physics Walter Sisulu UniversityPrivate Bag X-1Mthatha5117South Africa

ZnO nanowires(ZnO NWs),ZnO nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)and carbon dots(C-dots)were synthesized by hydrothermal,sol-gel and hydrothermal methods *** were also characterized and applied for dye sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).The effects of C-dots on ZnO NWs and ZnO NPs have been *** C-dots were used at a mole ratio of citric acid(CA)to ethylene diamine(EDA)of 1:*** C-dots were found to enhance the performance of the flexible electrode *** the addition of C-dots,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of ZnO NPs was boosted to be two times higher than that of ZnO NPs DSSCs without ***,the ultraviolet(UV)-band revealed a blue shift,resulting in a lower band gap and a reduced charge transfer resistance,which can enhance the PCE of *** loaded quantity on the flexible electrode substrate made of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)was optimized(50 mg).For DSSCs,the PET flexible electrode conductive polymer has produced positive *** ZnO NWs and ZnO NWs@C-dots,the PCE values were 1.45%and 4.25%;while for ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs@C-dots,they were 2.34%and 5.81%,*** work achieved remarkable and competitive performance when compared to solid(indium tin oxides/glass)-based substrate.

关键词： ZnO NWs@C-dots ZnO NPs@C-dots PET DSSCs Flexible electrode

Classifying moisture sources associated with snowfall in the mountains of Lesotho

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1941-1953页

作者： Alexi M.MARINAKI Jennifer M.FITCHETT School of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag X3Wits 2050South Africa

An average of eight snowfall events occur each year in the eastern Lesotho *** snowfall events are typically associated with cut-off low(CoLs)systems and mid-latitude ***,the moisture sources of the snowfall are unclassified and *** Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model,an air mass back trajectory model,has been used to evaluate moisture source waters locally in southern Africa and internationally in China and *** study uses HYSPLIT to determine the source moisture of snow in Lesotho.A list of all 82 snowfall events in Lesotho spanning 2017 to 2022 was compiled using the Snow Report SA Instagram page,including the date and location of snowfall.A 72-hour back trajectory for each snowfall event was initiated for both Afriski and the whole of *** amounts to models of moisture source trajectories for 28 and 82 snowfall days,*** air mass pathways are classified according to their frequency per snowfall event,per month in the snow season,per year and for the full *** this,associated moisture source regions and dominant air mass trajectories were *** study reports that the air mass trajectories associated with Afriski and Lesotho as a whole are very *** most common pathway of air mass trajectories transporting snow-bearing moisture to Lesotho was an inland trajectory from the northern regions of southern *** pathway makes up 16.6%of all trajectories reported and is associated with the Angola Low,the Congo Air Boundary and the *** High Pressure.

关键词： Eastern Lesotho Highlands Afriski Snow Cut-off Lows HYSPLIT Synoptic Climatology

Conserved vectors and symmetry solutions of the Landau–Ginzburg–Higgs equation of theoretical physics

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 51-65页

作者： Chaudry Masood Khalique Mduduzi Yolane Thabo Lephoko Material Science Innovation and Modelling Research Focus AreaDepartment of Mathematical SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusPrivate Bag X 2046Mmabatho 2735South Africa

This paper is devoted to the investigation of the Landau–Ginzburg–Higgs equation(LGHe),which serves as a mathematical model to understand phenomena such as superconductivity and cyclotron *** LGHe finds applications in various scientific fields,including fluid dynamics,plasma physics,biological systems,and *** study adopts Lie symmetry analysis as the primary framework for *** analysis involves the identification of Lie point symmetries that are admitted by the differential *** leveraging these Lie point symmetries,symmetry reductions are performed,leading to the discovery of group invariant *** obtain explicit solutions,several mathematical methods are applied,including Kudryashov's method,the extended Jacobi elliptic function expansion method,the power series method,and the simplest equation *** methods yield solutions characterized by exponential,hyperbolic,and elliptic *** obtained solutions are visually represented through 3D,2D,and density plots,which effectively illustrate the nature of the *** plots depict various patterns,such as kink-shaped,singular kink-shaped,bell-shaped,and periodic ***,the paper employs the multiplier method and the conservation theorem introduced by Ibragimov to derive conserved *** conserved vectors play a crucial role in the study of physical quantities,such as the conservation of energy and momentum,and contribute to the understanding of the underlying physics of the system.

关键词： Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation Lie symmetry analysis group invariant solutions conserved vectors multiplier method Ibragimov's method

A hybrid solar-biogas system for post-COVID-19 rural energy access

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： Ochuko K.Overen KeChrist Obileke Edson L Meyer Golden Makaka Oliver O.Apeh Fort Hare Institute of Technology University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Physics Renewable Energy Research CentreUniversity of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and Build EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa

Solar home systems for rural electrification are often designed with a limited energy supply,which presents a drawback for the ***,uncontrolled livestock faeces in rural communities constitute environmental sanitation and health *** excrement can be used through a biogas digester to supplement solar energy to provide adequate and sustainable elec-tricity access to underserved rural communities while achieving waste ***,this study presents a hybrid solar-biogas system for a more dynamic energy supply and waste management for post-Covid recovery plans in rural communities.A parametric research approach that involves the use of the Integrated Environment Solution Virtual Environment software application and mathematical models to design the desired household load and the hybrid system sizing is used in the *** findings show that the daily household energy consumption was 6.6 kWh,equivalent to 206.40 kWh/month.A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m^(3)hybrid solar-biogas system was found to adequately power the ***,the total initial investment cost of the system was$5777.20 with a net present value of$6566.78,net profit of$4443.6,a payback period of 14 years and 8 months,and a levelized cost of energy of$0.21/kWh;these include a 60%initial investment and maintenance costs *** performance contracting and energy-as-a-service were recommended to effectively run and operate the *** study successfully revealed the design,specifications and upscaling mechanism of the proposed hybrid solar-biogas *** research is required to unveil the efficacy of the system,the performance gap and the perception of the technology by the beneficiaries.

关键词： energy access sustainable rural development clean energy waste management post-COVID-19 recovery plan

NFA:A neural factorization autoencoder based online telephony fraud detection

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 158-167页

作者： Abdul Wahid Mounira Msahli Albert Bifet Gerard Memmi Department of Computer Sciences and Networks(INFRES) LTCITelecom ParisInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseau91120France Artificial Intelligence Institute The University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 31053240HamiltonNew Zealand

The proliferation of internet communication channels has increased telecom fraud,causing billions of euros in losses for customers and the industry each *** constantly find new ways to engage in illegal activity on the *** reduce these losses,a new fraud detection approach is *** fraud detection involves identifying a small number of fraudulent calls from a vast amount of call *** an effective strategy to combat fraud has become *** much effort has been made to detect fraud,most existing methods are designed for batch processing,not real-time *** solve this problem,we propose an online fraud detection model using a Neural Factorization Autoencoder(NFA),which analyzes customer calling patterns to detect fraudulent *** model employs Neural Factorization Machines(NFM)and an Autoencoder(AE)to model calling patterns and a memory module to adapt to changing customer *** evaluate our approach on a large dataset of real-world call detail records and compare it with several state-of-the-art *** results show that our approach outperforms the baselines,with an AUC of 91.06%,a TPR of 91.89%,an FPR of 14.76%,and an F1-score of 95.45%.These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in detecting fraud in real-time and suggest that it can be a valuable tool for preventing fraud in telecommunications networks.

关键词： Telecom industry Streaming anomaly detection Fraud analysis Factorization machine Real-time system Security

Nanotechnology approaches towards biodeterioration-resistant wood:A review

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 3-26页

作者： Ayyoob Arpanaei Qiliang Fu Tripti Singh Scion Private Bag 3020Rotorua 3046New Zealand Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Wood can be a suitable alternative to energy-intensive materials in various ***-ertheless,its susceptibility to weathering and decay has significantly hindered the broad adop-tion of the most commercially significant wood *** current solutions do tackle certain challenges,they often come with disadvantages like high costs,environmental risks,and/or ***-based methods can be employed to mitigate these weaknesses and create durable,sustainable wood *** this review,we delve into cutting-edge advance-ments in the development of biodeterioration-resistant wood through innovative nanotechnol-ogy *** methods usually involve the application of nanomaterials,either pos-sessing biocidal properties or serving as carriers for *** systematically describe these approaches and compare them to conventional wood modification ***,this re-view provides a brief overview of the prevalent biodeteriorating organisms and their mechanisms of action,which notably impact the development and choice of a suitable strategy for wood mod-ification/*** the requirements of biodeteriorating organisms for growth and wood degradation,it is expected that the new nanotechnology-based approaches to enhance wood dura-bility may provide innovative broad-spectrum biocidal *** systems can simulta-neously induce alterations in the physicochemical properties of wood,thereby constraining the availability of the growth *** alterations can efficiently inhibit the biodeterio-ration process by decreasing water absorption,restricting access to the wood components,and reducing void spaces within the wood ***,this review highlights the new oppor-tunities,challenges,and perspectives of nanotechnology methods for biodeterioration-resistant wood,through which some techno-economic,environmental and safety aspects associated with these methods are addressed.

关键词： Wood durability Decay Wood modification Biodeterioration mechanisms Biocides Wood nanotechnology

Applications of cnoidal and snoidal wave solutions via optimal system of subalgebras for a generalized extended (2+1)-D quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with power-law nonlinearity in oceanography and ocean engineering

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 126-153页

作者： Oke Davies Adeyemo International Institute for Symmetry Analysis and Mathematical Modelling Department of Mathematical SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusPrivate Bag X 2046Mmabatho 2735Republic of South Africa

The nonlinear evolution equations have a wide range of applications,more precisely in physics,biology,chemistry and engineering *** domain serves as a point of interest to a large extent in the world’s mathematical ***,this paper purveys an analytical study of a generalized extended(2+1)-dimensional quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with power-law nonlinearity in oceanography and ocean *** Lie group theory of differential equations is utilized to compute an optimal system of one dimension for the Lie algebra of the *** further reduce the equation using the subalgebras ***,more general solutions of the underlying equation are secured for some special cases of n with the use of extended Jacobi function expansion ***,we secure new bounded and unbounded solutions of interest for the equation in various solitonic structures including bright,dark,periodic(cnoidal and snoidal),compact-type as well as singular *** applications of cnoidal and snoidal waves of the model in oceanography and ocean engineering for the first time,are outlined with suitable *** can be of interest to oceanographers and ocean engineers for future ***,to visualize the dynamics of the results found,we present the graphic display of each of the ***,we construct conservation laws of the understudy equation via the application of Noether’s theorem.

关键词： A generalized extended(2+1)-dimensional quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation Lie point symmetries Optimal system of subalgebras Cnoidal and snoidal waves Extended Jacobi function expansion technique Conservation laws

Assessment of challenges and strategies for driving energy transitions in emerging markets:A socio-technological systems perspective

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 81-100页

作者： Nelson S.Chipangamate Glen T.Nwaila Wits Mining Institute University of the Witwatersrand1 Jan Smuts Ave.Johannesburg2000South Africa School of Geosciences University of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag 3Wits2050South Africa

The pursuit of improved quality of life standards has significantly influenced the contemporary mining model in the 21st *** era is witnessing an unprecedented transformation driven by pressing concerns related to sustainability,climate change,the just energy transition,dynamic operating environments,and complex social *** transitions present both opportunities and *** aim of this study is to provide an extensive literature review on energy transition to identify the challenges and strategies associated with navigating transformations in energy *** these transformations is particularly critical in the face of the severe consequences of global warming,where an accelerated energy transition is viewed as a universal *** a socio-technological systems perspective,specifically through the application of Actor Network Theory(ANT),this research provides a theoretical foundation while categorising challenges into five distinct domains and outlining strategies across these different *** insights are specifically tailored for emerging market countries to effectively navigate energy transition while fostering the development of resilient ***,our findings highlight that energy transition encompasses more than a mere technological shift;it entails fundamental changes in various systemic socio-economic *** focusing on the role of social structures in transitions,this study makes a significant and innovative contribution to ANT,which has historically been criticised for its limited acknowledgement of social ***,we propose an emerging market energy transition framework,which not only addresses technological aspects,but also integrates social *** framework paves the way for future research and exploration of energy transition *** outcomes of this study offer valuable insights to policymakers,researchers,and practitioners engaged in t

关键词： Actor network theory Energy transition Social innovation Technology Actor inclusive policy

A review of whole-medical systems and holistic care approach for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 199-209页

作者： Loveness Makoni Idah T.Manduna Alaisa L.Mbiriri Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology(CAFSaB) Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Adventist Development and Relief Agency(ADRA) 5 Cecil RoadGreendaleHarare 0000Zimbabwe

Whole-person care and holistic care approach has been proposed for complementary and integrative health care for type 2 diabetes ***,some doubts still exist on the feasibility of replicating processes followed in clinical trials and observational studies in real-world *** narrative literature review summarized and assessed existing clinical evidence(clinical trials,observational studies,and case reports)describing holistic and integrated care approach in adult and adolescent individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical *** goal was to highlight existing evidence for implementation and outcomes of whole-medical systems and holistic integrated care approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus.A nonsystematic literature search was performed on Google Scholar,PubMed,Web of Science,ProQuest and ScienceDirect to identify clinical evidence from different parts of the world,evaluating the use of whole-medical systems and/or holistic care interventions in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes *** keywords were used in the *** were analyzed using content analysis and simple descriptive statistics(percentages).Most of the studies(64%)were mainly conducted in Eastern countries(India,China and Israel)while 36%of the studies were conducted in the Western countries(USA,Netherlands,Canada and Mexico).Lifestyle medicine and integrated naturopathy were shown to be the commonly used whole-medical systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus *** improvements in type 2 diabetes parameters,medication use,other symptoms,and overall feeling of wellness were observed in all *** review study revealed limited utilization and/or documentation of whole-medical systems or holistic care treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus in regions of the world other than eastern *** medicine,naturopathy,yoga,Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine were shown to be effective for type 2 diabetes mellitu

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Holistic care Integrative medicine Type 2 diabetes mellitus Team-based intervention

Unsteady squeezing flow and heat transport of SiO2/kerosene oil nanofluid around radially stretchable parallel rotating disks with upper disk oscillating

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Propulsion and Power Research 2024年第1期13卷 64-79页

作者： Folarin Oluwaseun Sicelo Goqo Hiranmoy Mondal School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01ScottsvilePietermaritzburg 3209South Africa Department of Applied Mathematics Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of TechnologyWest BengalKolkata 700064India

In this study,we have analyzedfluid mobility and thermal transport of the SiO2/kerosene nanofluid within two rotating stretchable *** top disk is simulated to be oscil-lating with a periodic velocity and squeezing continuously the nanofluid within a porous me-dium and making thefluid toflow perpendicularly to the situated magneticﬁ*** radiation effects are considered in the heat transfer *** non-linear(NL)PDEs that describe the nanofluid mobility structure and thermal transport are transformed into system of NL-ODEs by introducing adequately suitable non-dimensional variables after which the NL-ODEs were numerically solved via spectral quasi-linearization method(SQLM)on over-lapping *** consequences of several pertinent parameters of the model on pressure,tem-perature,velocity,skin drag coefﬁcient and thermal transport rate are examined and elucidated in detail with the aid ofﬁgures and *** was found that theflow structure with prescribing conditions develops negative pressure situation which has vast applications in modern day medical engineering,especially in the construction of air pressure stabilizers used in medical isolation and wound therapy physiology.

关键词： Nanofluids Unsteady Squeezing Stretchable Overlapping spectral quasi-linearization SiO2 Kerosene Rotating disks