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Hepatocellular Ballooning is Due to Highly Pronounced Glycogenosis Potentially Associated with Steatosis and Metabolic Reprogramming

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第1期12卷 52-61页

作者： Silvia Ribback Kristin Peters Mohd Yasser Jessica Prey Paula Wilhelmi Qin Su Frank Dombrowski Peter Bannasch Institut für Pathologie Universitaetsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany Cell Marque Millipore-SigmaRocklinCAUSA German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ) HeidelbergGermany

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular ballooning is a common finding in chronic liver disease,mainly characterized by rarefied cytoplasm that often contains Mallory-Denk bodies(MDB).Ballooning has mostly been attributed to degeneration but its striking resemblance to glycogenotic/steatotic changes characterizing preneoplastic hepatocellular lesions in animal models and chronic human liver diseases prompts the question whether ballooned hepatocytes(BH)are damaged cells on the path to death or rather viable cells,possibly involved in neoplastic ***:Using specimens from 96 cirrhotic human livers,BH characteristics were assessed for their glycogen/lipid stores,enzyme activities,and proto-oncogenic signaling cascades by enzyme-and immunohistochemical approaches with serial paraffin and cryostat ***:BH were present in 43.8%of cirrhotic *** pronounced excess glycogen storage of(glycogenosis)and/or lipids(steatosis)were characteristic,ground glass features and MDB were often *** glucose-6-phosphatase,increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and altered immunoreactivity of enzymes involved in glycolysis,lipid metabolism,and cholesterol biosynthesis were ***,components of the insulin signaling cascade were upregulated along with insulin dependent glucose transporter glucose transporter 4 and the v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway associated with de novo ***:BH are hallmarked by particularly pronounced glycogenosis with facultative steatosis,many of their features being reminiscent of metabolic aberrations documented in preneoplastic hepatocellular lesions in experimental animals and chronic human liver ***,BH are not damaged entities facing death but rather viable cells featuring metabolic reprogramming,indicative of a preneoplastic nature.

关键词： Chronic liver disease Carbohydrate metabolism Insulin signaling Preneoplasia Metabolic reprogramming

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Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： Yuan Cheng Jianing Zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang Zhihao Xu Xiaoyun Yuan Lu Fang sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning *** electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task *** to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic ***,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware *** from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the *** multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different *** evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single ***,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual *** proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

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Design of a constant-voltage and constant-current controller with dual-loop and adaptive switching frequency control

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第5期36卷 104-110页

作者：陈映平李志谦 sigma Micro Co.Ltd.

A 5.0-V 2.0-A flyback power supply controller providing constant-voltage （CV） and constant-current （CC） output regulation without the use of an optical coupler is presented. Dual-close-loop control is proposed here due to its better regulation performance of tolerance over process and temperature compared with open loop control used in common. At the same time, the two modes, CC and CV, could switch to each other automatically and smoothly according to the output voltage level not sacrificing the regulation accuracy at the switching phase, which overcomes the drawback of the digital control scheme depending on a hysteresis comparator to change the mode. On-chip compensation using active capacitor multiplier technique is applied to stabilize the voltage loop, eliminate an additional package pin, and save on the die area. The system consumes as little as 100 mW at no-load condition without degrading the transient response performance by utilizing the adaptive switching frequency control mode. The proposed controller has been implemented in a commercial 0.35μm 40-V BCD process, and the active chip area is 1.5×1.0 mm^2. The total error of the output voltage due to line and load variations is less than 4-1.7%.

关键词： constant voltage constant current dual-loop adaptive switching frequency

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用于学习和解释行人预期行为的群体交互场

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 70-82页

作者： Xueyang Wang Xuecheng Chen Puhua Jiang Haozhe Lin Xiaoyun Yuan Mengqi Ji Yuchen Guo Ruqi Huang Lu Fang sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Zhejiang Future Technology Institute Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua UniversityZhejiangJiaxing 314033China

Anticipating others’actions is innate and essential in order for humans to navigate and interact well with others in dense *** ability is urgently required for unmanned systems such as service robots and self-driving ***,existing solutions struggle to predict pedestrian anticipation accurately,because the influence of group-related social behaviors has not been well *** group relationships and group interactions are ubiquitous and significantly influence pedestrian anticipation,their influence is diverse and subtle,making it difficult to explicitly ***,we propose the group interaction field(GIF),a novel group-aware representation that quantifies pedestrian anticipation into a probability field of pedestrians’future locations and attention *** end-to-end neural network,GIFNet,is tailored to estimate the GIF from explicit multidimensional *** quantifies the influence of group behaviors by formulating a group interaction graph with propagation and graph attention that is adaptive to the group size and dynamic interaction *** experimental results show that the GIF effectively represents the change in pedestrians’anticipation under the prominent impact of group behaviors and accurately predicts pedestrians’future ***,the GIF contributes to explaining various predictions of pedestrians’behavior in different social *** proposed GIF will eventually be able to allow unmanned systems to work in a human-like manner and comply with social norms,thereby promoting harmonious human-machine relationships.

关键词： Human behavior modeling and prediction Implicit representation of pedestrian anticipation Group interaction Graph neural network

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Dinosaur Dynamics in an Integrative Model for Rotating Rocks and Deformable Bodies

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2017年第3期7卷 35-40页

作者： Lena J-T Stromberg previously sigma epsilon engrg and Dep of Solid Mech Royal Inst of Techn KTH Stockholm Sweden

Present long range interactions for signals, as well as large scale rare phenomena at Earthquakes are subjects of wave dynamics with large impact. Here, that will be addressed in a general (science fiction) format. The method used is based on energy balance for a continuum and kinematics of noncircular orbits, nco. Released vortex formation in a process invoking escape velocity for beamed up Dinosaurs, is modeled with fluid dynamics of a Helix. It is found that elasticity in terms of volumetric changes and vorticities interact giving large velocities and interchange of potential and kinetic energies. The model is an example of atmosphere integrative physiology.

关键词： Angular Velocity Vorticity Eddy Fluid Dynamics Helix Noncircular Orbit Nco Energy Balance Density Integrative Physiology Dinosaur Beam up

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Chern Classes in Bivariant Theory Definitions of Brasselet and of Sabbah

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Chinese Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 1995年第4期10卷 120-127页

作者： Jianyi ZHOU sigma CNRS CIRM

ＣｈｅｒｎＣｌａｓｓｅｓｉｎＢｉｖａｒｉａｎｔＴｈｅｏｒｙＤｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＢｒａｓｓｅｌｅｔａｎｄｏｆＳａｂｂａｈ￥ＪｉａｎｙｉＺＨＯＵ（ＳｉＧｍＡＣＮＲＳ，ＣＩＲＭＬｕｍｉｎｙＣａｓｅ９１６，Ｆ－１３２８... 详细信息

ＣｈｅｒｎＣｌａｓｓｅｓｉｎＢｉｖａｒｉａｎｔＴｈｅｏｒｙＤｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＢｒａｓｓｅｌｅｔａｎｄｏｆＳａｂｂａｈ￥ＪｉａｎｙｉＺＨＯＵ（ＳｉＧｍＡＣＮＲＳ，ＣＩＲＭＬｕｍｉｎｙＣａｓｅ９１６，Ｆ－１３２８８ＭａｒｓｅｉｌｌｅＣｅｄｅｘ９；...

关键词： SABBAH定义双变理论 CHERN类 BRASSELET定义

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Peer-Paired Collaboration for On-Demand Streaming Applications and an Improved Error Recovery Technique

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2003年第6期8卷 651-657页

作者：郭常杰沈国斌李世鹏钟玉琢 Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Microsoft Research Asia Sigma Center

Previous studies on streaming media networks have mainly focused on how to conserve the network bandwidth, especially the Internet backbone bandwidth, while maintaining a desired quality. This paper tackles the problem from another perspective, trying to improve the individual streaming quality while not increasing the backbone traffic. Specifically, we apply a peer-paired collaborative streaming architecture that exploits the power of peer-to-peer networking and extends the peer-paired collaboration from a live broadcasting scenario to the more general on-demand streaming scenario by introducing a unique catch-up scheme. Experimental results show that the peer-paired collaboration can bring about a significant performance gain for on-demand streaming application scenarios. In addition, we propose a forward error correction based error recovery technique that can resist up to 50% packet losses regardless of whether the losses are independent or shared.

关键词： streaming media peer-paired collaboration on-demand forward error correction (FEC)

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An Interpretation of the Poincare Morphism for Compact Toric Varieties

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Chinese Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 1995年第4期10卷 1-7页

作者： Jean－Paul BRASSEL CIRM－Marsille－France sigma

ＡｎＩｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＰｏｉｎｃａｒéＭｏｒｐｈｉｓｍｆｏｒＣｏｍｐａｃｔＴｏｒｉｃＶａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓ￥Ｊｅａｎ－ＰａｕｌＢＲＡＳＳＥＬＥＴ（ＣＩＲＭ－Ｍａｒｓｅｉｌｌｅ－ＦｒａｎｃｅＳｉＧｍＡＣ... 详细信息

ＡｎＩｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＰｏｉｎｃａｒéＭｏｒｐｈｉｓｍｆｏｒＣｏｍｐａｃｔＴｏｒｉｃＶａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓ￥Ｊｅａｎ－ＰａｕｌＢＲＡＳＳＥＬＥＴ（ＣＩＲＭ－Ｍａｒｓｅｉｌｌｅ－ＦｒａｎｃｅＳｉＧｍＡＣＮＲＳ，ＣＩＲＭＬｕｍｉｎｙＣａｓ...

关键词： POINCARE射紧复曲面簇拓扑空间

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An improved CESE method and its application to steady-state coronal structure simulation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第1期57卷 153-166页

作者： ZHOU YuFen FENG XueShang sigma Weather Group State Key Laboratory for Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

This paper presents an improved space-time conservation element and solution element(CESE)method by applying a non-staggered space-time mesh system and simply improving the calculation of flow variables and applies it to magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)*** improved CESE method can improve the solution quality even with a large disparity in the Courant number(CFL)when using a fixed global marching ***,for a small CFL(say<0.1),the method can significantly reduce the numerical dissipation and retain the solution quality,which are verified by two benchmark *** meanwhile,comparison with the original CESE scheme shows better resolution of the improved scheme ***,we demonstrate its validation through the application of this method in three-dimensional coronal dynamical structure with dipole magnetic fields and measured solar surface magnetic fields as the initial input.

关键词： improved CESE scheme numerical dissipation steady-state coronal structure

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GPU-accelerated computing of three-dimensional solar wind background

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第11期56卷 1864-1880页

作者： FENG XueShang ZHONG DingKun XIANG ChangQing ZHANG Yao sigma Weather Group State Key Laboratory for Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

High-performance computational models are required to make the real-time or faster than rea^-time numerical prediction of adverse space weather events and their influence on the geospace environment. The main objective in this article is to explore the application of programmable graphic processing units （GPUs） to the numerical space weather modeling for the study of solar wind background that is a crucial part in the numerical space weather modeling. GPU programming is realized for our Solar-Interplanetary-CESE MHD model （SIP-CESE MHD model） by numerically studying the solar corona/interplanetary so- lar wind. The global solar wind structures are obtained by the established GPU model with the magnetic field synoptic data as input. Meanwhile, the time-dependent solar surface boundary conditions derived from the method of characteristics and the mass flux limit are incorporated to couple the observation and the three-dimensional （3D） MHD model. The simulated evolu- tion of the global structures for two Carrington rotations 2058 and 2062 is compared with solar observations and solar wind measurements t^om spacecraft near the Earth. The MHD model is also validated by comparison with the standard potential field source surface （PFSS） model. Comparisons show that the MHD results are in good overall agreement with coronal and interplanetary structures, including the size and distribution of coronal holes, the position and shape of the streamer belts, and the transition of the solar wind speeds and magnetic field polarities.

关键词： space weather modeling SIP-CESE MHD model GPU computing

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