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The Role of Phosphorylation in Redox Regulation of Photosynthesis Genes psaA and psbA during Photosynthetic Acclimation of Mustard

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 416-429页

作者： Sebastian Steiner Lars Dietzel Yvonne Schroter Vidal Fey Raik Wagner Thomas Pfannschmidt Junior Research Group 'Plant acclimation to environmental changes: Protein analysis by MS' at the institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology Department of Plant Physiology Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena Dornburger Str. 159 07743 Jena Germany present address: VTT Technical research Center of Finland Medical Biotechnology Turku Finland present address: Department of Chemistry Bioenergetics University of Umea Sweden

The long-term response （LTR） to light-quality gradients improves performance and survival of plants in dense stands. It involves redox-controlled transcriptional regulation of the plastome-encoded genes psaAB （encoding the P700 apoproteins of photosystem I） and psbA （encoding the D1 protein of photosystem II） and requires the action of plastidlocalized kinases. To study the potential impact of phosphorylation events on plastid gene expression during the LTR, we analyzed mustard seedlings acclimated to light sources favoring either photosystem I or photosystem II. Primer extension analyses of psaA transcripts indicate that the redox regulation occurs at the principal bacterial promoters, suggesting that the plastid encoded RNA polymerase （PEP） is the target for redox signals. Chloroplast protein fractions containing PEP and other DNA-binding proteins were purified from mustard via heparin-Sepharose chromatography. The biochemical properties of these fractions were analyzed with special emphasis on promoter recognition and specificity, phosphorylation state, and kinase activity. The results demonstrate that the LTR involves the action of small DNA-binding proteins; three of them exhibit specific changes in the phosphorylation state. Auto-phosphorylation assays, in addition, exhibit large differences in the activity of endogenous kinase activities. Chloroplast run-on transcription experiments with the kinase inhibitor H7 and the reductant DTT indicate that phosphorylation events are essential for the mediation of redox signals toward psaA and psbA transcription initiation, but require the synergistic action of a thiol redox signal. The data support the idea that redox signals from the thylakoid membrane are linked to gene expression via phosphorylation events; however, this mediation appears to require a complex network of interacting proteins rather than a simple phosphorelay.

关键词： Light-quality acclimation redox control protein phosphorylation chloroplast transcription Sinapis alba.

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Timing Is Everything： Highly Specific and Transient Expression of a MAP Kinase Determines Auxin-Induced Leaf Venation Patterns in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第11期7卷 1637-1652页

作者： Vera Stanko Concetta Giuliani Katarzyna Retzer Armin Djamei Vanessa Wahl Bernhard Wurzinger Cathal Wilson Erwin Heberle-Bors Markus Teige Friedrich Kragler Department of Plant Molecular Biology Max. F. Perutz Laboratories University of Vienna Dr. Bohrgasse 9/4 Vienna A-1030 Austria present address: Felix-Klein-Gymnasium Bottingerstraβe 17 D-37073 Gottingen Germany present address: Austrian Centre of Industrial biotechnology Muthgasse 11 A-1190 Vienna Austria present address: Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Muthgasse 18 A-1190 Vienna Austria present address: Gregor Mendel institute of Molecular Plant Biology Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 1030 Vienna Austria Max Planck institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Wissenschaftspark Golm Am Muhlenberg 1 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Department of biochemistry Max. F. Perutz Laboratories University of Vienna Dr. Bohrgasse 9/5 Vienna A-1030 Austria present address: Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology University of Vienna Althanstr. 14 A-1090 Vienna Austria present address: Telethon institute of Genetics and Medicine Via Pietro Castellino 11180131-Naples Italy Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology University of Vienna AIthanstr. 14 A-1090 Vienna Austria

Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） cascades are universal signal transduction modules present in all eukaryotes. In plants, MAPK cascades were shown to regulate cell division, developmental processes, stress responses, and hormone pathways. The subgroup A of Arabidopsis MAPKs consists of AtMPK3, AtMPK6, and AtMPK10. AtMPK3 and AtMPK6 are activated by their upstream MAP kinase kinases （MKKs） AtMKK4 and AtMKK5 in response to biotic and abiotic stress. In addition, they were identified as key regulators of stomatal development and patterning. AtMPKIO has long been considered as a pseudo-gene, derived from a gene duplication of AtMPK6. Here we show that AtMPKIO is expressed highly but very transiently in seedlings and at sites of local auxin maxima leaves. MPK10 encodes a functional kinase and interacts with the upstream MAP kinase kinase （MAPKK） AtMKK2. mpklO mutants are delayed in flowering in long-day conditions and in continuous light. Moreover, cotyledons of mpk10 and mkk2 mutants have reduced vein complexity, which can be reversed by inhibiting polar auxin transport （PAT）. Auxin does not affect AtMPKIO expression while treatment with the PAT inhibitor HFCA extends the expression in leaves and reverses the mpklO mutant phenotype. These results suggest that the AtMKK2-AtMPK10 MAPK module regulates venation complexity by altering PAT efficiency.

关键词： Arabidopsis MAP kinase leaf development polar auxin transport leaf venation pattern.

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Tremella polysaccharide mitigates high fat diet-induced anxiety-like behavior through the microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Haicui Wu Shuyu Chen Wenxiu Zhang Yuqing Lu Jiayi Zheng Jinhui Chang Jiachi Chiou Research institute for Future Food， The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control， The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research institute Bo InnoHealth biotechnology Company Limited， Hong Kong Science Park Department of Food Science and Nutrition， The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Neurology， The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and neuropsychiatric disorders， including anxiety. Previous research found that Tremella polysaccharide (TP) exhibited neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of TP on HFD-induced anxiety-like behaviors and elucidate the underlying mechanisms from the point view of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Two groups of HFD-induced obese mice were orally gavaged with low dose (TPL， 40 mg/kg) and high dose (TPH， 400 mg/kg) of TP. A 12-week administration of TPH could significantly improve anxiety-like behaviors in HFD mice. In the hippocampus， microglia activation， the expression of blood-brain barrier (BBB) markers， and the levels of two neurotransmitters (serotonin and norepinephrine) were countered by TPH in mice consuming HFD. Furthermore， TPH improved the intestinal permeability and immune response of the enterocytes in HFD-fed mice. The gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by HFD was also rebalanced by TP treatments， especially in Proteobacteria and its lower taxa. The correlational analysis also suggested that shifts of some microbial genera were closely associated with body weight and the parameters of behavioral tests. Interestingly， fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) results indicated that fecal microbiota from TPH-treated obese mice could prevent HFD-induced anxiety-like behaviors， suppressing microglia activation and intestinal permeability. In conclusion， the present study indicated that TP intake is a promising dietary intervention strategy to prevent HFD-induced anxiety via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

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Bio-analysis of Saliva Using Paper Devices and Colorimetric Assays

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 114-132页

作者： Adhan Narasimhan Harshil Jain Kowshika Muniandy Raja Chinnappan Naresh Kumar Mani Microfluidics Sensors and Diagnostics(μSenD)LaboratoryCentre for MicrofluidicsBiomarkersPhotoceutics&Sensors(μBioPS)Department of BiotechnologyManipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India College of Medicine Alfaisal UniversityRiyadh 11533SaudiArabia Tissue/Organ Bioengineering&BioMEMS Lab Organ Transplant Centre of ExcellenceTransplant Research&Innovation DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In light of the evolving nature of various diseases,time becomes a crucial factor in diagnosis and identifying the underlying causes.A point-of-care device provides a rapid diagnosis of a disease without using complex and advanced instruments,which are costly and difficult to transport.A paper-based device is a relatively frugal solution wherein the paper is used as a substratum in which the reactions are carried *** methods are non-invasive,and the sample collection is relatively *** is one such body fluid in which various biomarkers are present for numerous *** of saliva has attracted more attention recently due to its non-invasiveness and *** the discovery of clinical biomarkers from salivary analysis has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare sector by providing crucial information to monitor the health status of individuals and disease progression which enables personalized *** review provides the limitation of the traditional methods in clinical applications and highlights the significance of saliva as a non-invasive biological fluid that is a source of multiple biomarkers associated with various *** also provides insights into the different paper-based colorimetric microfluidic devices developed against salivary biomarkers in the past *** major challenges in the point-of-care application and the future prospects have been discussed as ***,we also emphasize the importance of this approach in dental disease diagnosis which is least explored and holds potential applications.

关键词： Paper-based assay Salivary analysis Non-invasive Point-of-care Body fluids Biomarkers Qualitative detection

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Expression, Purification and Sublocalization of SARS-CoV Nucleocapsid Protein in Insect Cells

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第11期36卷 754-758页

作者： Ai-Xia REN, You-Hua XIE, Yu-Ying KONG, Guan-Zhen YANG, Yao-Zhou ZHANG,Yuan WANG, and Xiang-Fu WUinstitute of biochemistry and biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai institute of biochemistry and cell Biology, Shanghai institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China institute of biochemistry, Zhejiang University of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China institute of biochemistry and biotechnology College of Life Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China.

The causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a previously unidentified coronavirus, SARS-CoV. The nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV is a major viral protein recognized by acute and early convalescent sera from SARS patients. To facilitate the studies on the function and structure of the N protein, this report describe the expression and purification of recombinant SARS-CoV N protein using the baculovirus

关键词： severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein baculovirus insect cells

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Functional Cooperativity of Enzymes of Phosphoinositide Conversion According to Synergistic Effects on Pectin Secretion in Tobacco Pollen Tubes

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Molecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 870-881页

作者： Till Ischebeck Linh Hai Vu Xu Jin Irene Stenzel Christian Lofke Ingo Heilmann Department of Plant biochemistry Albrecht-von-Haller-lnstitute for Plant Sciences Georg-August-University Gottingen Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11 37077 Guttingen Germany present address: Center for biochemistry Cologne University Joseph-Stelzmann-Straβe 52 50931 Cologne Germany present address: Department of Forest Botany Georg-August-University Gottingen Busgenweg 2 37077 Gottingen Germany present address: Department of Plant Cell Biology Albrecht-von-Haller-lnstitute for Plant Sciences Georg-August-University Gottingen Untere Karspule 2 37073 Gottingen Germany

The Arabidopsis phosphoinositide kinases PI4Kβ1 and PIP5K5 have been implicated in the control of directional vesicle trafficking underlying polar tip growth in pollen tubes. PI4Kβ1 and PIP5K5 catalyze key consecutive steps of phosphoinositide conversion, and it appears obvious that phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate formed by PI4Kβ1 might act as a substrate for phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate formation by PIP5K5. However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally addressed and distinct localization patterns of PI4Kβ1, PIP5K5, and also PI-synthases （PIS） generating phosphatidylinositol suggest additional complexity. Here, the synergistic functionality of enzymes of phosphoinositide conversion was assessed. In tobacco and Arabidopsis pollen tubes, phosphoinositides influence the apical secretion of pectin, and increased pectin deposition results in characteristic morphological alterations. Catalytically active and dominant negative variants of PI4Kβ1 and PIP5K5 were systematically co-expressed in tobacco pollen tubes and the incidence of morphologies related to enhanced pectin secretion was evaluated. The data support a proposed functional interplay of PI4Kβ1 and PIP5K5 at the trans-Golgi network, mediating directional vesicle trafficking. Co-expression experiments additionally including PIS isoforms, PIS1 or PIS2, indicate that pectin secretion is synergistically mediated by PI4Kβ1 and PIPSK5 acting on Ptdlns formed by PIS2 rather than PIS1. Possible ramifications for the preferential channeling of phosphoinositide intermediates between particular isoforms of PI pathway enzymes are discussed.

关键词： Phosphatidylinositol synthase phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase cooperativity pectin secretion pollen tubes.

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以负熵机制为靶点的天然药物研究（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第7期 11-12页

作者：高天乐郭慧慧蒋建东 institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College institute of Medicinal biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Current strategies for drug discovery research mainly focus on molecular targets,in which structure biology plays a central role,such as the detailed mechanism of a drug–target *** principle of this approach is the presumed molecular mechanism or genetic background of the disease being *** this approach has brought progress in understanding the mode of action for some drugs,most prevalent illnesses-especially chronic diseases-are multifactorial and present with a group of symptoms,as is often the case in cardiovascular diseases,metabolic disorders,cancers,and so forth.

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Exogenous application of bio-stimulants and growth retardants improve nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jameel M. Arif Muhammad Kareem Shadia Hama Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Emami Somayeh Yasmeen Azra Aftab Komal Negm Mohamed Department of Agricultural biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Department of biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Department of Agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural Research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Department of Water Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural Research Center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after *** The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stimulant Cotton Fiber quality Mepiquat chloride Moringa leaf extract Potassium accumulation Oil contents

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Developing guanine base editors for G-to-T editing in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1557-1560页

作者： Lang Liu Zhongming Zhang Chenyang Wang Fang Yan Wenxian Sun Xueping Zhou Weiguo Miao Huanbin Zhou State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Pathology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Scientiﬁc Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guilin Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuilin 541399China School of Plant Protection Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies Ministry of Agricultural and Rural AffairsSanya 572024China

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely present and related to desirable agronomic traits in *** regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (Cas9)-mediated base editors have been frequently used to correct defective alleles and create novel alleles by artificial evolution for rapid crop genetic improvement (Ma et al.,2021).

关键词： alleles agronomic base

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Physiological and biochemical characteristic of Miscanthus×giganteus grown in heavy metal-oil sludge co-contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 114-125页

作者： Anna Muratova Yelena Lyubun Irina Sungurtseva Olga Turkovskaya Asil Nurzhanova institute of biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms RAS Saratov 410015Russia institute of Plant Biology and biotechnology Almaty 050040Kazakhstan

The effect of oil sludge and zinc,present in soil both separately and as a mixture on the physiological and biochemical parameters of Miscanthus×giganteus plant was examined in a pot *** opposite effect of pollutants on the accumulation of plant biomass was established:in comparison with uncontaminated control the oil sludge increased,and Zn reduced the root and shoot *** sludge had an inhibitory effect on the plant photosynthetic apparatus,which intensified in the presence of *** specific antioxidant response of M.×giganteus to the presence of both pollutants was a marked increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase(mostly owing to oil sludge)and glutathione-S-transferase(mostly owing to zinc)in the *** participation of glutathione-S-transferase in the detoxification of both the organic and the inorganic pollutants was *** inhibited the activity of laccase-like oxidase,whereas oil sludge promoted laccase and ascorbate oxi-dase *** finding suggests that these enzymes play a part in the oxidative detox-ification of the organic *** both pollutants used jointly,Zn accumulation in the roots increased 6-fold,leading to increase in the efficiency of soil clean-up from the *** turn,Zn did not significantly affect the soil clean-up from oil *** study shows for the first time the effect of co-contamination of soil with oil sludge and Zn on the phys-iological and biochemical characteristics of the bioenergetic plant M.×*** data obtained are important for understanding the mechanisms of phytoremediation with this plant.

关键词： Miscanthus×giganteus Oil sludge Zinc Antioxidant enzymes Oxidative enzymes

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