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The mini player with diverse functions:extracellular vesicles in cell biology,disease,and therapeutics

Protein & Cell 2022年第9期13卷 631-654页

作者： Abhimanyu Thakur Xiaoshan Ke Ya-Wen Chen Pedram Motallebnejad Kui Zhang Qizhou Lian Huanhuan Joyce Chen The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA The Ben May Department for Cancer Research The University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineKeck School of MedicineHastings Center for Pulmonary ResearchUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong prenatal diagnostic center and cord blood bank Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics the University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are tiny biological nanovesicles ranging from approximately 30–1000 nm in diameter that are released into the extracellular matrix of most cell types and in *** classification of EVs includes exosomes,microvesicles,and apoptotic bodies,dependent on various factors such as size,markers,and biogenesis *** transition of EV relevance from that of being assumed as a trash bag to be a key player in critical physiological and pathological conditions has been revolutionary in many *** have been recently revealed to play a crucial role in stem cell biology and cancer progression via intercellular communication,contributing to organ development and the progression of *** review focuses on the significant research progress made so far in the role of the crosstalk between EVs and stem cells and their niche,and cellular communication among different germ layers in developmental *** addition,it discusses the role of EVs in cancer progression and their application as therapeutic agents or drug delivery *** such discoveries have been facilitated by tremendous technological advancements in EV-associated research,especially the microfluidics *** pros and cons in the context of characterization of EVs are also extensively discussed in this *** review also deliberates the role of EVs in normal cell processes and disease conditions,and their application as a diagnostic and therapeutic ***,we propose future perspectives for EV-related research in stem cell and cancer biology.

关键词： extracellular vesicles exosomes stem cells cancer exosomal communication exosomal therapeutics

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Fe65-engineered neuronal exosomes encapsulating corynoxine-B ameliorate cognition and pathology of Alzheimer’s disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5481-5494页

作者： Ashok Iyaswamy Abhimanyu Thakur Xin-Jie Guan Senthilkumar Krishnamoorthi Tsz Yan Fung Kejia Lu Isha Gaurav Zhijun Yang Cheng-Fu Su Kwok-Fai Lau Kui Zhang Roy Chun-Laam Ng Qizhou Lian King-Ho Cheung Keqiang Ye Huanhuan Joyce Chen Min Li Mr.&Mrs.Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA Ben May Department for Cancer Research The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Division of Neuroscience School of Biological SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthManchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina prenatal diagnostic center and cord blood bank Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics the University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the predominant impairment of neurons in the hippocampus and the formation of amyloid plaques,hyperphosphorylated tau protein,and neurofibrillary tangles in the *** overexpression of amyloid-βprecursor protein(APP)in an AD brain results in the binding of APP intracellular domain(AICD)to Fe65 protein via the C-terminal Fe65-PTB2 interaction,which then triggers the secretion of amyloid-βand the consequent pathogenesis of ***,targeting the interaction between APP and Fe65 can offer a promising therapeutic approach for ***,exosome,a type of extracellular vesicle with diameter around 30–200 nm,has gained much attention as a potential delivery tool for brain diseases,including AD,due to their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier,their efficient uptake by autologous cells,and their ability to be surface-modified with target-specific receptor ***,the engineering of hippocampus neuron cell-derived exosomes to overexpress Fe65,enabled the development of a novel exosome-based targeted drug delivery system,which carried Corynoxine-B(Cory-B,an autophagy inducer)to the APP overexpressed-neuron cells in the brain of AD *** Fe65-engineered HT22 hippocampus neuron cell-derived exosomes(Fe65-EXO)loaded with Cory-B(Fe65-EXO-Cory-B)hijacked the signaling and blocked the natural interaction between Fe65 and APP,enabling APP-targeted delivery of ***,Fe65-EXO-Cory-B induced autophagy in APP-expressing neuronal cells,leading to amelioration of the cognitive decline and pathogenesis in AD mice,demonstrating the potential of Fe65-EXO-Cory-B as an effective therapeutic intervention for AD.

关键词： Alzheimer gained loaded

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prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis study of 2782 cases of high-risk pregnant women

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第4期123卷 423-430页

作者： ZHANG Lin ZHANG Xiao-hong LIANG Mei-ying REN Mei-hong prenatal Diagnosis center Peking University People's Hospital Beijing 100044 China

Background prenatal diagnoses are extremely advantageous for pregnant women with high-risk indicators and can help prevent the birth of malformed infants. However, no large-scale statistical study analyzing the correlation between fetal chromosome disorders and abnormal indicators during pregnancy has been done in China. The objectives of this study were to diagnose and analyze fetal chromosome abnormalities, determine the feasibility of the various prenatal test methods and establish diagnostic guidelines for the early, middle, and late trimesters. Methods From January 2004 to May 2009, 2782 pregnant women at high-risk underwent prenatal diagnoses. Categorized data expressed as either actual counts or percentages were analyzed by the chi-square or Fisher＇s exact test. Chorionic villus sampling was performed in the early-trimester （10-12 weeks of gestation）, amniocentesis in mid-trimester （16-28 weeks of gestation）, and umbilical cord blood collection in mid- or late-trimester （16-37 weeks of gestation）. In 51 cases either autopsy samples from intrauterine fetal deaths or placental tissues from aborted fetuses were tested. Results Chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 3.99% （111/2782） of the samples. Overall, the success rate of cytogenetic analysis for high-risk pregnancy groups was 98.17% （2731/2782）. It was significantly less successful when used to analyze data from the chorionic villus sampling compared with that from amniocentesis and umbilical cord blood （P=-0.000）. Abnormal chromosome carriers had the highest percentage of abnormal chromosomes （67.86%） when compared with chromosomal abnormalities in patients with ultra-sonographic ＂soft markers＂（11.81%）, advanced maternal age （4.51%） and those who had positive serum screening results （P=-0.000）. Conclusions Invasive prenatal diagnostic techniques are feasible tools for confirming fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Abnormal chromosomes detected in one of the parents carrying abnormal chromosome, ultrasoun

关键词： chorionic villus sampling amniocentesis umbilical cord blood collection chromosomal karyotype prenatal diagnosis

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Discordant prenatal diagnosis results of QF-PCR,aCGH and Karyotyping in a de novo case of mosaic isodicentric Y chromosomes

Discordant prenatal diagnosis results of QF-PCR,aCGH and Kar...

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第十届全国遗传病诊断与产前诊断学术交流会暨海峡两岸医药卫生交流协会遗传与生殖专业委员会第一届年会

作者：刘渊 Li Guo Hanbiao Chen Jian Lu Jingjing Hu Xianzheng Li Ting Wang Xing Li Fengzhen Li Aihua Yin 广东省妇幼保健院医学遗传中心 Medical Genetic center Guangdong Women and Children Hospital

Objective: To present a de novo mosaic case of isodicentric Y chromosomes in amniotic cell which led to the discordant prenatal diagnosis results of Quantitative fluorescent PCR, Array-based CGH and Karyotyping. Methods: Quantitative fluorescent PCR analysis of un-cultured amniotic cells for short tandem repeat markers was used to detect the aneuploidies of chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X and Y. The analysis of array-based CGH, karyotyping and FISH were performed on cultured amniotic cells to identify the abnormal of Y chromosome of the fetus. The peripheral blood from the parents and cord blood from aborted fetus were collected for karyotyping analysis. Results QF-PCR indicated the fetus had an extra Y chromosome or a structural abnormality of Y chromosome. Array-based CGH analysis identified a deletion on Y chromosome. Karyotyping and FISH revealed a mosaic of 45,X/46,X,idic(Y) of the fetus. The karyotyping result of the cord blood sample from the aborted fetus was consistent with the result of amniotic cells. The parental karyotypes were normal, which indicated this mosaic case of isodicentric Y chromosomes of the fetus was de novo. Conclusion Several approaches have been used for the detection numerical and structural chromosomal alterations of prenatal cases. None of them can replace each other due to their technical limitation. The combination of conventional karyotyping and molecular cytogenetic techniques can promote diagnostic accuracy in specific cases.

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