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Management of gestational diabetes mellitus via nutritional interventions:The relevance of gastric emptying

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1394-1397页

作者： Wei-Kun Huang Ryan J Jalleh Christopher K Rayner Tong-Zhi Wu Adelaide Medical School and centre of research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000Australia Adelaide Medical School and centre of research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of Adelaide and Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyRoyal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000Australia

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)represents one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and is important to the well-being of both mothers and offspring in the short and long *** intervention remains the mainstay for the management of *** efficacy of nutritional approaches(*** restriction and small frequent meals)to improving the maternal-neonatal outcomes of GDM was attested to by Chinese population data,discussed in two articles in recent issues of this ***,a specific focus on the relevance of postprandial glycaemic control was *** rather than fasting hyperglycaemia often represents the predominant manifestation of disordered glucose homeostasis in Chinese women with *** is now increasing appreciation that the rate of gastric emptying,which controls the delivery of nutrients for digestion and absorption in the small intestine,is a key determinant of postprandial glycaemia in both health,type 1 and 2 *** remains to be established whether gastric emptying is abnormally rapid in GDM,particularly among Chinese women,thus contributing to a predisposition to postprandial hyperglycaemia,and if so,how this influences the therapeutic response to nutritional *** is essential that we understand the role of gastric emptying in the regulation of postprandial glycaemia during pregnancy and the potential for its modulation by nutritional strategies in order to improve postprandial glycaemic control in GDM.

关键词： Gastric emptying Postprandial glycaemia Diet Nutritional interventions Gestational diabetes mellitus

Iron supplementation during malaria infection in pregnancy and childhood:A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 12-20页

作者： Neha Surela Amrendra Chaudhary Poonam Kataria Jyoti Das National Institute of Malaria research Sector-8DwarkaNew Delhi-110077India

Malaria presents a significant global public health challenge,with severe malarial anaemia being a primary manifestation of the *** understanding of anaemia caused by malaria remains incomplete,making the treatment more *** is a crucial micronutrient essential for haemoglobin synthesis,oxygen delivery,and other vital metabolic functions in the *** is indispensable for the growth of human beings,as well as bacteria,protozoa,and viruses in vitro and in *** deficiency is among the most common nutritional deficiencies and can have detrimental effects during developmental stages of ***-induced iron deficiency occurs due to the hemolysis of erythrocytes and the suppression of erythropoiesis,leading to *** iron requirements is particularly critical during pivotal life stages such as pregnancy,infancy,and *** intake alone may not suffice to meet adequate iron requirements,thus highlighting the vital role of iron *** iron supplementation can alleviate iron deficiency,it can exacerbate malaria infection by providing additional iron for the ***,in the context of pregnancy and childhood,iron supplementation combined with malaria prevention and treatment has been shown to be beneficial in improving birth outcomes and ensuring proper growth and development,*** review aims to identify the role and impact of iron supplementation in malaria infection during the life stages of pregnancy and childhood.

关键词： Iron supplementation Malaria pregnancy Childhood

Repeated pregnancy losses with multiple aneuploidies and major genomic imbalance:A case report

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 143-146页

作者： Shailesh Pande Shiny Babu Harshavardhan Gawde Neha Minde Genetic research Center ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child HealthJehangir Merwanji StreetParelMumbai-400012India

Rationale:If one of the partners is having balanced autosomal translocation,it is usually observed that the offspring inherit either normal chromosomes,balanced translocation identical to one of the parent or unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements of the same parental chromosome having ***:A unique case presented with history of 8 miscarriages for genetic *** last abortus material evaluation showed monosomy of chromosome X(Turner syndrome)in all the analyzed *** was a history of infertility and also repeated second trimester abortions on the paternal *** the maternal side,there was a history of intellectual ***:History of repeated abnormal pregnancy ***’s karyotype is normal;however,husband shows translocation between chromosome 4 and ***:Peripheral blood sample around 3 mL was collected for *** biopsy was done and DNA was extracted and processed for whole exome ***:Wife’s karyotype is normal and husband has translocation between chromosome 4 and ***,the entire pregnancy outcome including embryo screening has different,complete or partial aneuploidies of chromosomes other than chromosome 4 and *** lesson:Though the translocation in one of the parent is balanced,we have to think beyond traditional ways for evaluating a couple with repeated pregnancy loss as we cannot predict the errors at cell *** of in vitro fertilization and preimplantation genetic diagnosis in couples having balanced translocations should be discussed so that early intervention can prevent the agony of pregnancy loss.

关键词： In vitro fertilization Karyotype Products of conception Preimplantation genetic testing PGT Recurrent pregnancy loss

Retinal Vascular Imaging Application in Women’s Reproductive Health:Clinical Implications and Future Directions

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第2期6卷 92-96页

作者： Beth Shi Yu Lim Ling-Jun Li Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Obstetrics&Gynaecology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Global centre for Asian Women’s Health Human Potential Translational Research ProgrammeYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore NUS Bia-Echo Asia centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality(ACRLE) Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Singapore Eye research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore 168751Singapore

Over the past two decades,population-based studies employing semiautomatic computer-assisted programs have uncovered associations between retinal microvascular features and various systemic *** the recognition of retinal imaging in cardiometabolic health grows,there is increasing evidence supporting its application in women’s health,particularly during the reproductive *** review aims to summarize the indications of retinal imaging in women’s health and intergenerational health,where suboptimal retinal imaging has been found to mirror pathological systemic changes,such as suboptimal hemodynamic circulation,inflammation,endothelial dysfunction,oxidative stress,and hypoxia in *** from Singapore Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes and Singapore Preconception Study of Long-Term Maternal and Child Outcomes cohorts have reported serial changes in retinal conventional microvascular features(e.g.,retinal arteriolar narrowing,retinal venular widening)and retinal geometric microvascular features(e.g.,sparse fractal dimension,enlarged branching angle,and increased curvature tortuosity)during the preconception and antenatal *** morphological abnormalities were found to be related to female fertility,maternal antenatal health conditions,postnatal maternal cardiometabolic health,and intergenerational health in the *** the compelling evidence of the ability to detect microvascular changes through noninvasive methods at an early stage,retinal imaging holds the potential to facilitate timely interventions,mitigate the progression of complications,and prevent adverse pregnancy *** ahead,the convergence of artificial intelligence and advanced imaging techniques heralds a promising era in women’s health research and clinical practice.

关键词： Retinal vascular imaging Reproductive health

Predictors of Adverse pregnancy Outcomes Following Traumatic Injuries

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 642-647页

作者： Wan-rong LU Ping WU Gong SONG Mei-qi GU Zhe XU Li HE National Clinical research Center for Gynecology and Obstetrics Cancer Biology Research CenterTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Traumatic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective After traumatic injury in pregnant women,providing timely and appropriate management for high-risk patients is crucial for both pregnant women and *** study aimed to identify risk factors that predict adverse pregnancy outcomes after traumatic *** A retrospective cohort study including 317 pregnant patients who experienced trauma was *** collected data included general demographics,injury mechanisms and adverse pregnancy *** were divided into two subgroups based on the absence or presence of trauma-related adverse pregnancy *** and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to estimate the associations between clinical variables and adverse pregnancy *** A total of 41(12.93%)patients experienced adverse pregnancy outcomes within the first 24 h *** study revealed that age>35 years(OR=14.995,95%CI:5.024–44.755,Ppregnancy *** age,gestational age at delivery,vaginal bleeding and positive FAST results were risk factors for abnormal *** Advanced maternal age,third trimester,and positive FAST results should alert multidisciplinary trauma teams to closely monitor patients to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.

关键词： adverse pregnancy outcomes predictive factors abnormal delivery trauma

Immune rebalancing at the maternal-fetal interface of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during early pregnancy

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Protein & Cell 2024年第6期15卷 460-473页

作者： Chenxiang Xi Zihui Yan Dandan Bai Yalin Zhang Beiying Wang Xiaoxiao Han Li Wu Xiaohui Shi Zhiyi Hu Ming Tang Zhongqu Su Yingdong Liu Binya Liu Jiqing Yin Hong Wang Xiaocui Li Yanping Zhang Shaorong Gao Wenqiang Liu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalShanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Jiaxing 314050China

The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)remains a threat to pregnant ***,the impact of early pregnancy SARS-CoV-2 infection on the maternal-fetal interface remains poorly ***,we present a comprehensive analysis of single-cell transcriptomics and metabolomics in placental samples infected with SARS-CoV-2 during early *** to control placentas,SARS-CoV-2 infection elicited immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface and induced metabolic alterations in amino acid and phospholipid profiles during the initial weeks ***,subsequent immune cell activation and heightened immune tolerance in trophoblast cells established a novel dynamic equilibrium that mitigated the impact on the maternal-fetal ***,the immune response and metabolic alterations at the maternal-fetal interface exhibited a gradual decline during the second *** study underscores the adaptive immune tolerance mechanisms and establishment of immunological balance during the first two trimesters following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： fetal alterations pregnancy

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection in early pregnancy on placental development

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 622-625页

作者： Shanru Yi Liping Wang Mengting Wang Wei Hong Ben Xu Xiaoying He Mengtian Yang Zhiping Wu Beiying Wang Guang Yang Shijun Shen Xinyu Cui Ruixue Wang Kai Wang Hong Wang Xiaocui Li Shaorong Gao Cizhong Jiang Jiayu Chen Clinical and Translation research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education Orthopaedic Department of Tongji HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai 200065China Frontier Science Center for Stem cell research Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 201204China

Dear Editor,Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the potential risks associated with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and its effect on fetal development have been a subject of considerable public concern. Previous studies have ... 详细信息

关键词： pregnancy fetal Effect

Beta-HCG Levels and Ovarian Ultrasonography Results among Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 233-241页

作者： Celine C. Agonsi Francis Anacletus Joel Aluko Chinemerem Eleke Joy C. Samuel African centre of Public Health and Toxicological research (ACE-PUTOR) University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria Department of Nursing Science University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria

Background: Certain ovarian cancers that were previously common in postmenopausal women are now increasingly observed in women of reproductive age. The research on using β-HCG as a diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer in women of reproductive age is ongoing. Aim: This study assessed the level of serum β-HCG in non-pregnant women of reproductive age and determined its potential association with suspicious ovarian ultrasonography results. Methods: The study was conducted in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. This study adopted a cross-sectional design on a quota sample of 224 case notes of women aged 18 - 40 years obtained from eight diagnostic centres. A data extraction form was used for data collection. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and Odds Ratio at 95% confidence and 5% significance levels. Results: About 5.8% of the participants exhibited detectable levels of serum β-HCG above 5 IU/L (World Health Organization reference) at a mean concentration of 5.87 (±1.75) IU/L. About 4.0% of the participants had suspicious ovarian lesions identified through ultrasonography. Participants with elevated serum β-HCG levels above the WHO reference were 59 times more likely to have suspicious ovarian lesions (Odds ratio: 59.4, 95%CI: 12.3 - 287.8, p β-HCG level and age (p = 0.041) as well as parity (p Conclusion: Serum β-HCG levels above the WHO reference in non-pregnant women were associated with suspicious ovarian lesions. More rigorous primary research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

关键词： Biomarkers Ovarian Cancer pregnancy Ultrasonography

Generation of double knockout cattle via CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein(RNP)electroporation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 456-462页

作者： Gyeong-Min Gim Kyeong-Hyeon Eom Dong-Hyeok Kwon Dae-Jin Jung Dae-Hyun Kim Jun-Koo Yi Jae-Jung Ha Ji-Hyun Lee Seong-Beom Lee Woo-Jae Son Soo-Young Yum Won-Wu Lee Goo Jang Laboratory of Theriogenology and Biotechnology Department of Veterinary Clinical ScienceCollege of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea LARTBio Co. Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea Gyeongsangbukdo Livestock research Institute YeongjuRepublic of Korea Comparative Medicine Disease research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Background Genome editing has been considered as powerful tool in agricultural ***,genome editing progress in cattle has not been fast as in other mammal species,for some disadvantages including long gestational periods,single pregnancy,and high raising ***,technically demanding methods such as microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)are needed for gene editing in *** this point of view,electroporation in embryos has been risen as an *** First,editing efficiency of our electroporation methods were tested for *** of mutation on embryo was confirmed by T7E1 *** first combination,mutation rates for MSTN and PRNP were 57.6%±13.7%and 54.6%±13.5%,*** case of MSTN/BLG,mutation rates were 83.9%±23.6%for MSTN,84.5%±18.0%for ***,the double-KO embryos were transferred to surrogates and mutation rate was identified in resultant calves by targeted deep *** recipients were transferred for MSTN/PRNP,4 calves were delivered,and one calf underwent an induction for double *** surrogates were given double-KO embryos for MSTN/BLG,and four of the six calves that were born had mutations in both *** These data demonstrated that production of genome edited cattle via electroporation of RNP could be effectively ***,MSTN and PRNP from beef cattle and MSTN and BLG from dairy cattle have been born and they will be valuable resources for future precision breeding.

关键词： Beta-lactoglobulin Cattle CRISPR-Cas9 Electroporation Knockout MSTN PRNP