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Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1258-1277页

作者： Yu Fu Jianmin Zhou Martine Schroyen Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Guanghai Qi Jing Wang Key laboratory of Feed Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China precision livestock and nutrition laboratory Gembloux Agro‑Bio TechTERRA Teaching and Research CentreUniversity of LiegeGembloux B‑5030Belgium

Background Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying *** study compared the differences of eggshell quality,bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiologi-cal characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction.A total of 24074-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were selected and allocated to a high(HBS,44.83±1.31 N)or low(LBS,24.43±0.57 N)eggshell breaking strength *** A decreased thickness,weight and weight ratio of eggshells were observed in the LBS,accompanied with ultrastructural deterioration and total Ca *** quality was negatively correlated with eggshell quality,marked with enhanced structures and increased components in the *** the LBS,the mammillary knobs and effective layer grew *** the initiation stage of eggshell calcification,a total of 130 differentially expressed genes(DEGs,122 upregulated and 8 downregulated)were identified in the uterus of hens in the LBS relative to those in the *** DEGs were relevant to apoptosis due to the cellular Ca *** values of p62 protein level,caspase-8 activity,Bax protein expression and lower values of Bcl protein expression and Bcl/Bax ratio were seen in the *** assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells and tissue damages in the uterus of the *** few DEGs were identified at the growth stage,similar uterine tissue damages were also observed in the *** expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocal-cin were upregulated in humeri of the *** diameter and more structural damages of endocortical bones and decreased ash were observed in femurs of the *** The lower eggshell breaking strength may be attributed to a declined Ca transport due to uterine tissue damages,which

关键词： Bone parameter Calcium transport Eggshell quality Laying hen Tissue damage

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Prospects of sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.) polysaccharides: preparation， structural characterization， and bioactivities diversity

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shuyuan Shi Ruiyun Wu Zixin Han Yu Sun Pinglan Li Fazheng Ren Nan Shang Key laboratory of precision nutrition and Food Quality， College of Food Science and nutritional Engineering， China Agricultural University Key laboratory of precision nutrition and Food Quality， Department of nutrition and Healthy， China Agricultural University College of Engineering， China Agricultural University

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food. Polysaccharide， as one of its primary active components， has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods， with good commercial prospects. Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides， related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization. This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods， structural characterization and physicochemical properties， biological activity and potential mechanisms， and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides. Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides， which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications， exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo， including antioxidant， immunomodulatory， anti-inflammatory， hepatorenal protective， antibacterial， antiviral， and prebiotic activities. After analysis， it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity. We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides， summarized the critical aspects， and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.

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Encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate improves intestinal inflammation and gut flora disorder in suckling rats with iron deficiency anemia

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mengxiao Hu Lili Qiu Rui Song Xiyu Qin Xiaoxue Liu Zidi Tan Rong Liu Xiaoyu Wang College of Food Science & nutritional Engineering， China Agricultural University Key laboratory of precision nutrition and Food Quality， Department of nutrition and Health， China Agricultural University Food laboratory of Zhongyuan Luohe

The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia （IDA） remains high in infants， resulting in growth retardation， neurodevelopmental impairment， immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries. Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research. This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate （FePP） on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats. Newborn Sprague Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4（2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW， respectively） during postnatal days 2-14. Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4in promoting growth， alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels. Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group （P > 0.05）. However， the high dose of FeSO4did not show a down-regulation effect. Compared with the Ctrl group， IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats， and FePP could restore this dysbiosis. Besides， FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia. Spearman's correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status， pro-inflammatory cytokine expression， and oxidative stress level. Overall， these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA， and is more effective than FeSO4in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota， which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.

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Weizmannia coagulans:an ideal probiotic for gut health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Shiqi Zhang Pinglan Li Suwon Lee Yu Wang Chunming Tan Nan Shang Key laboratory of Functional Dairy Ministry of EducationCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Coree Beijing Co. Ltd.Beijing 101312China Key laboratory of precision nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Weizmannia coagulans(formerly Bacillus coagulans)is a spore-forming and lactic acid-producing *** has recently attracted much attention from researchers and food manufacturers due to its probiotic functions and stability in processing and *** is capable of improving gut health through the regulation of gut microbiota,modulation of immunity,and improving digestibility and ***,germinated cells and metabolites of *** modulate the gut micro-environment and further affect other *** is an environment-friendly probiotic since it can contribute to the host by reconstructing the balance of gut microbiota and only temporarily resides in the intestine after *** has been generally recognized as safe(GRAS)by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA),thus it is an ideal probiotic for improving gut *** merit of its stability in processing and storage provides *** spores many possibilities for its use in various types of functional *** review presents an overview of the characteristics of *** that make it an ideal probiotic candidate and highlights the proposed health benefits with scientific evidence conferred by the administration of ***.

关键词： Weizmannia coagulans Spore former Probiotics Microbiota Gut disorders

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Dietary Macleaya cordata extract supplementation improves the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 374-395页

作者： Bochen Song Jie He Xue Pan Linglian Kong Chuanpi Xiao Chake Keerqin Zhigang Song Key laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non‑Grain Feed Resources College of Animal Science and TechnologyShandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018ShandongChina Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Ageing College of Life SciencesYantai UniversityYantai 264005ShandongChina precision livestock and nutrition Unit University of LiègeGembloux Agro‑Bio TechGemblouxBelgium Phytobiotics(Jiangsu)Biotech Co. Ltd.Jintan 213200China

Background The poultry industry needs effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis(NE)caused by Clostridium *** The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Macleaya cordata extract(MCE)on the immune function and gut microbiota of broilers with NE.A total of 2881-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a 2×2 factorial arrangement with two concentrations of dietary MCE supplementation(0 or 350 mg/kg of diet)and two disease challenge statuses(control or NE).Results The results revealed that NE significantly increased the feed conversion rate(FCR),mortality,intestinal lesion score,the levels of IL-1β,IL-17 and IFN-γ/IL-4 in serum and IL-17/IL-10 in the jejunal mucosa,m RNA levels of TLR2,IFN-γand p Ig R in the jejunum,and Clostridium perfringens concentrations in the *** significantly decreased the body weight(BW),body weight gain(BWG),jejunal villus height,V/C,m RNA level of AMPK-α1 in jejunum,IL-4 level in the jejunal mucosa and lactic acid bacteria abundance in the *** significantly increased BW,BWG,jejunal villus height,V/C,m RNA levels of occludin,ZO-1 and AMPK-α1 in the jejunum,the levels of Ig A and Ig G in serum and IL-10 in the jejunal mucosa and m RNA levels of NF-κB,IL-10 and MHC-II in the ***,MCE significantly decreased the FCR,mortality,intestinal lesion score,jejunal crypt depth,the levels of IFN-γand IL-17 in serum and IL-17/IL-10 in the jejunal mucosa,Clostridium perfringens concentrations in the cecum,and m RNA levels of IL-17/IL-10 in the ***,NE significantly increased the abundance of bacteria that are associated with inflammation,obesity and depression(Alistipes,Barnesiella,Intestinimonas,RF39 and UCG-005)and significantly decreased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria(Anaerotruncus,Butyricicoccus and Bacteroides)in the *** significantly increased the abundance of SCFA-producing b

关键词： Broiler chicken Gut microbiota Immune function Macleaya cordata extract Necrotic enteritis

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Dynamic RNA methylation modifications and their regulatory role in mammalian development and diseases

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2084-2104页

作者： Wenlan Yang Yongliang Zhao Yungui Yang State Key laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the CellSchool of Life SciencesInner Mongolia University CAS Key laboratory of Genomic and precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences China National Center for Bioinformation School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Among over 170 different types of chemical modifications on RNA nucleobases identified so far, RNA methylation is the major type of epitranscriptomic modifications existing on almost all types of RNAs, and has been demonstrated to participate in the entire process of RNA metabolism, including transcription, pre-mRNA alternative splicing and maturation, mRNA nucleus export, mRNA degradation and stabilization, mRNA translation. Attributing to the development of high-throughput detection technologies and the identification of both dynamic regulators and recognition proteins, mechanisms of RNA methylation modification in regulating the normal development of the organism as well as various disease occurrence and developmental abnormalities upon RNA methylation dysregulation have become increasingly clear. Here, we particularly focus on three types of RNA methylations: N6-methylcytosine(m6A), 5-methylcytosine(m5C), and N7-methyladenosine(m7G). We summarize the elements related to their dynamic installment and removal,specific binding proteins, and the development of high-throughput detection technologies. Then, for a comprehensive understanding of their biological significance, we also overview the latest knowledge on the underlying mechanisms and key roles of these three mRNA methylation modifications in gametogenesis, embryonic development, immune system development, as well as disease and tumor progression.

关键词： RNA methylation (m6A m5C and m7G) detection techniques RNA metabolism gametogenesis embryogenesis immune system development tumorigenesis

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Fermented defatted rice bran-derived gut Clostridium butyricum improved the gut barrier function by regulating HIF-1 signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Weifa Su Zipeng Jiang Tao Gong Man Du Fengqin Wang Zeqing Lu Mingliang Jin Yizhen Wang Key laboratory of Molecular Animal nutrition， Ministry of Education， Zhejiang University Key laboratory of Animal nutrition and Feed， Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs， Zhejiang University National Engineering Research Center of Green Feeds and Healthy livestock Industry， Zhejiang University Key laboratory of Animal nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province， Zhejiang University College of Animal Science， Institute of Feed Science， Zhejiang University

Emerging evidence of the beneficial effects of defatted rice bran (DFRB) on gut health has advanced the development of fermented defatted rice bran as a potential functional food. However， less is known about its effects and underlying mechanisms on gut health. In this study， a mouse model together with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was utilized to study the effects and mechanisms of fermented DFRB (FR) on gut barrier function. We found that FR improved the intestinal morphology， gut tight junction proteins， mucin， antimicrobial peptides， and IL-22 and promoted the gut Clostridium butyricum and butyrate. Notably， correlation analysis indicated gut C. butyricum and butyrate were two FR-induced effectors that improved gut health. FMT results suggested that C. butyricum， butyrate， and fecal microbiota from the FR group all reduced PHD2 expression by activating PPAR-γ in the mouse colon. This decrease in gut PHD2 subsequently upregulated the HIF-1α expression， which in turn increased the expression of its targeted downstream tight junction proteins， mucin and antimicrobial peptides， and colonic IL-22 secretion. Overall， FR-derived C. butyricum and butyrate might improve gut barrier function through the HIF-1 signaling pathway， which provides a reference for the application of fermented DFRB as a potential functional food for improving of gut barrier function.

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Hesperidin ameliorates H_(2)O_(2)-induced bovine mammary epithelial cell oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1737-1750页

作者： Qi Huang Jiashuo Liu Can Peng Xuefeng Han Zhiliang Tan CAS Key laboratory for Agro‑Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina State Key laboratory of Animal nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Background Hesperidin is a citrus flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, its protective effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells(b MECs) exposed to oxidative stress have not been *** In this study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress in b MECs and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that hesperidin attenuated H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell damage by reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels, increasing catalase(CAT) activity, and improving cell proliferation and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, hesperidin activated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway by inducing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of its downstream genes NQO1 and HO-1, which are antioxidant enzymes involved in ROS scavenging and cellular redox balance. The protective effects of hesperidin were blocked by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, indicating that they were Nrf2 *** Our results suggest that hesperidin could protect b MECs from oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting that hesperidin as a natural antioxidant has positive potential as a feed additive or plant drug to promote the health benefits of bovine mammary.

关键词： Bovine mammary epithelial cell Hesperidin Nrf2 signaling pathway Oxidative stress

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Sulforaphane ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by KLF4-mediated macrophage M2 polarization

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2727-2740页

作者： Xianghui Huang Jia Xu Ye Xu Bingxin Huangfu Feng Zhang Yanzhou Hu Ruxin Gaoa Xinxin Ren Boyang Zhang Kunlun Huang Xiaoyun He Key laboratory of precision nutrition and Food Quality Key Laboratory of Functional DairyMinistry of EducationCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism(Food Safety) the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R.ChinaBeijing 100083China

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global issue and a severe threat to public ***, to date, no approved therapeutic drugs have been developed. Dietary interventions with naturalproducts have shown promise in preventing and treating NAFLD. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytocompoundwith antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and previous research has demonstrated that SFN canameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying thesebeneficial effects remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed the protective effects of SFN on excessive lipidaccumulation and inflammatory injury in a high-fat, high-fructose diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) mouse model. We found that SFN attenuates the inflammatory injury in a macrophage cell line andthe liver of NASH mice, owing to the promotion of M1-type macrophage polarization toward the M2-type andthe regulation of inflammatory mediators. Further analysis demonstrated that this SFN-induced macrophageM2-type polarization occurs in a Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)-dependent manner. In summary, we uncovereda new mechanism of action underlying SFN activity and provide evidence that dietary intervention with SFNmight be protective against NASH.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) Krüppel-like factor 4 Nuclear translocation Chemokine Lipid metabolism

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Dynamic changes of rumen microbiota and serum metabolome revealed increases in meat quality and growth performances of sheep fed bio‑fermented rice straw

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1207-1226页

作者： Yin Yin Kyawt Min Aung Yao Xu Zhanying Sun Yaqi Zhou Weiyun Zhu Varijakshapanicker Padmakumar Zhankun Tan Yanfen Cheng laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology National Center for International Research on Animal Gut NutritionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Animal nutrition University of Veterinary ScienceNay Pyi Taw 15013Myanmar International livestock Research Institute Nairobi 00100Kenya College of Animal Science Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850000China State Key laboratory of Grassland Agro‑Ecosystems Center for Grassland MicrobiomeCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Background Providing high-quality roughage is crucial for improvement of ruminant production because it is an essential component of their *** previous study showed that feeding bio-fermented rice straw(BF)improved the feed intake and weight gain of ***,it remains unclear why feeding BF to sheep increased their feed intake and weight ***,the purposes of this research were to investigate how the rumen micro-biota and serum metabolome are dynamically changing after feeding BF,as well as how their changes influence the feed intake,digestibility,nutrient transport,meat quality and growth performances of *** growing Hu sheep were allocated into 3 groups:alfalfa hay fed group(AH:positive control),rice straw fed group(RS:negative control)and BF fed group(BF:treatment).Samples of rumen content,blood,rumen epithelium,muscle,feed offered and refusals were collected for the subsequent *** Feeding BF changed the microbial community and rumen fermentation,particularly increasing(P<0.05)relative abundance of Prevotella and propionate production,and decreasing(P<0.05)enteric methane *** histomorphology(height,width,area and thickness)of rumen papillae and gene expression for carbohydrate trans-port(MCT1),tight junction(claudin-1,claudin-4),and cell proliferation(CDK4,Cyclin A2,Cyclin E1)were improved(P<0.05)in sheep fed ***,serum metabolome was also dynamically changed,which led to up-regulating(P<0.05)the primary bile acid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid in sheep fed *** a result,the higher(P<0.05)feed intake,digestibility,growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality and mono-unsaturated fatty acid concentration in muscle,and the lower(P<0.05)feed cost per kg of live weight were achieved by feeding *** Feeding BF improved the growth performances and meat quality of sheep and reduced their feed ***,bio-fermentation of rice straw could be an innovative way for improving rum

关键词： Bio-fermentation Growth rate Meat quality Metabolome Microbiota Rice straw

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