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Environmental rehabilitation of damaged land

Forest Ecosystems 2020年第2期7卷 247-262页

作者： Mike Mentis postnet 540 Bag X9Benmore 2010South Africa

Background:Much land is subject to damage by construction,development and exploitation with consequent loss of environmental function and *** might the loss be recovered?Results:This article develops principles of environmental *** issues include the *** means restoring the previous *** or not to restore is not a technical but a value *** is subject to adopting the sustainability *** the ethic is followed under rule of law then rehabilitation must be done always to’the high standard’which means handing down unimpaired environmental function and no extra land *** elements of the former condition that it is intended to restore must be *** these in any given case is the purpose of that rehabilitation *** specified restoration elements must be easily measurable with a few simple powerful *** land damage is not fixable so restraint must be exercised in what construction,development and exploitation are *** sustainability is adopted then cost benefit analysis is not a valid form of project appraisal because trading off present benefits against future losses relies on subjectively decided discount rates,and because natural capital is hard to price,indispensable,irreplaceable and *** often to be restored include agricultural land capability,landscape form and environmental *** capability is a widely used convention and,with landscape form,encapsulate many key land factors,and are easily *** soil and thereby environmental function provides the necessary base for an ecological ***:The need for rehabilitation is not to be justified by cost-benefit or scientific and technological proof,but rests on a value judgement to sustain natural capital for present and future *** on what activities and projects to permit should be based on what is physically and financially fixable o

关键词： Cost benefit analysis Environmental function Land capability Landscape form Natural capital Rehabilitation Restoration Sustainability

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Managing project risks and uncertainties

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第1期2卷 31-44页

作者： Mike Mentis Business & the environment Postnet Suite 10102 Private Bag X7005 3650 Hillcrest South Africa

This article considers threats to a project slipping on budget,schedule and *** is used here as the collective for risks（quantifiable bad things that can happen）and uncertainties（poorly or not quantifiable bad possible events）.Based on experience with projects in developing countries this review considers that（a）project slippage is due to uncertainties rather than risks,（b）while eventuation of some bad things is beyond control,managed execution and oversight are stil the primary means to keeping within budget,on time and fit-for-purpose,（c）improving project delivery is less about bigger and more complex and more about coordinated focus,effectiveness and developing thought-out heuristics,and（d）projects take longer and cost more partly because threat identification is inaccurate,the scope of identified threats is too narrow,and the threat assessment product is not integrated into overall project decision-making and *** by definition,what is poorly known is likely to cause *** it is not just the unquantifiability and intangibility of uncertainties causing project slippage,but that they are insufficiently taken into account in project planning and execution that cause budget and time *** project performance requires purpose-driven and managed deployment of scarce seasoned *** can be aided with independent oversight by deeply experienced panelists who contribute technical insights and can potentially show that diligence is seen to be done.

关键词： Budget Fit-for-purpose Management Project Risks Schedule Threats Uncertainties

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Opinion: the use of natural hazard modeling for decision making under uncertainty

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 139-142页

作者： David E Calkin Mike Mentis Forestry Sciences Laboratory US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Business & the environment postnet Suite

Decision making to mitigate the effects of natural hazards is a complex undertaking fraught with uncertainty. Models to describe risks associated with natural hazards have proliferated in recent years. Concurrently, there is a growing body of work focused on developing best practices for natural hazard modeling and to create structured evaluation criteria for complex environmental models. However, to our knowledge there has been less focus on the conditions where decision makers can confidently rely on results from these models. In this review we propose a preliminary set of conditions necessary for the appropriate application of modeled results to natural hazard decision making and provide relevant examples within US wildfire management programs.

关键词： the use of natural hazard modeling for decision making under uncertainty

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Science writing in the real world

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Forestry Studies in China 2014年第1期16卷 4-11页

作者： Mike Mentis Business & the environment Postnet Suite 10102Private Bag X70053650 HillcrestSouth Africa

The objective of this contribution is to consider guides to technical *** the professional writes what he does and does what he writes,guides to how you execute the one relate to how you perform the other,so this article is about more than just *** there is need for idiosyncrasy and individualism,there are some *** must have an explicit purpose stated at the *** their nature,documents in the applied sciences and business address real-world problems,but elsewhere activity may be laissez faire for which the cost-effectiveness in yielding innovations is contestable.A hallmark of written science and technology is that every statement is capable of being tested and capable of being shown to be wrong,and that methods yield repeatable *** should be observed in requiring authoritative referencing for every notion,partly because of the unsatisfying infinite regress in searching for ultimate sources,and partly to avoid squashing *** is not only the content of messages that matters,but reliability *** theory must be built into design to assure that strong inference can be drawn from ***,business and infrastructure projects must substitute the frequent optimistic ’everything goes according to plan’(EGAP) with a more realistic ’most likely development’(MLD) and the risks of even that not happening.A cornerstone of science and technology is *** description,experiment,explanation,hypothesis,idea,instrument,machine,method,model,prediction,statement,technique,test or theory should be more elaborate than necessary to satisfy its ***- the capacity to survive and benefit from shocks- must be designed into project and organizational structure and function by manipulating such factors as complexity and interdependent to evade failure in a turbulent and unpredictable *** role of writing is to integrate these issues,and communicate them so that the stakeholders share a vis

关键词： Antifragility Method Parsimony Problem Purpose Reliability Testability Writing

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