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Recent progress of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2444-2468页

作者： Feng Zhan Kun-Song Hu Jin-Hua Mai Li-Sheng Zhang Zhen-Guo Zhang Huan He Xin-Hua Liu school of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China school of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China IDTECH(Suzhou)Co.Ltd Suzhou 215217China Dyson school of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

With the increasing consumption of fossil fuels,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have attracted considerable attention as green and sustainable energy conversion *** slow kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)has a major impact on the performance of PEMFCs,and although platinum(Pt)can accelerate the reaction rate of the ORR,the scarcity and high cost of Pt resources still limit the development of ***,the development of low-cost high-performance ORR catalysts is essential for the commercial application and development of *** paper reviews the research progress of researchers on Pt-based ORR catalysts in recent years,including Pt/C catalysts,Pt-based alloy catalysts,Pt-based intermetallic compounds,and Pt-based single-atom catalysts(SACs),with a focus on Pt-based alloy catalysts with different *** described in detail the difficulties and solutions in the research process of various ORR catalysts and explained the principle of their activity enhancement with density functional theory(DFT).In addition,an outlook on the development of Pt-based catalysts is given,and reducing the amount of Pt used and improving the performance of catalysts are the directions to work on in the coming period.

关键词： Pt-based catalysts PEMFCs Pt-based intermetallic compounds Single-atom catalysts

Mechanical responses of anchoring structure under triaxial cyclic loading

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 545-560页

作者： Peng Wang Nong Zhang Qun Wei Xingliang Xu Guangzhen Cui Aoran Li Sen Yang Jiaguang Kan State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining School of MinesChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China school of Civil Engineering Xuzhou University of TechnologyXuzhou221116China school of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou213001China

Dynamic load on anchoring structures(AS)within deep roadways can result in cumulative damage and *** study develops an experimental device designed to test AS under triaxial *** device enables the investigation of the mechanical response,failure mode,instability assessment criteria,and anchorage effect of AS subjected to combined cyclic dynamic-static triaxial stress *** results show that the peak bearing strength is positively correlated with the anchoring matrix strength,anchorage length,and edgewise compressive *** bearing capacity decreases significantly when the anchorage direction is severely *** free face failure modes are typically transverse cracking,concave fracturing,V-shaped slipping and detachment,and spallation ***,when the anchoring matrix strength and the anchorage length decrease while the edgewise compressive strength,loading rate,and anchorage inclination angle increase,the failure intensity *** is determined by a negative tangent modulus of the displacement-strength curve or the continued deformation increase against the general downward *** cyclic loads,the driving force that breaks the rock mass along the normal vector and the rigidity of the AS are the two factors that determine roadway ***,a control measure for surrounding rock stability is proposed to reduce the internal driving force via a pressure relief method and improve the rigidity of the AS by full-length anchorage and grouting modification.

关键词： Triaxial stress Dynamic-static combination load Cyclic loading Anchoring structure(AS) Cumulative damage

Unsupervised Multi-Expert Learning Model for Underwater Image Enhancement

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 708-722页

作者： Hongmin Liu Qi Zhang Yufan Hu Hui Zeng Bin Fan the school of Intelligence Science and Technology and the Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China the school of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China IEEE

Underwater image enhancement aims to restore a clean appearance and thus improves the quality of underwater degraded *** methods feed the whole image directly into the model for ***,they ignored that the R,G and B channels of underwater degraded images present varied degrees of degradation,due to the selective absorption for the *** address this issue,we propose an unsupervised multi-expert learning model by considering the enhancement of each color ***,an unsupervised architecture based on generative adversarial network is employed to alleviate the need for paired underwater *** on this,we design a generator,including a multi-expert encoder,a feature fusion module and a feature fusion-guided decoder,to generate the clear underwater ***,a multi-expert discriminator is proposed to verify the authenticity of the R,G and B channels,*** addition,content perceptual loss and edge loss are introduced into the loss function to further improve the content and details of the enhanced *** experiments on public datasets demonstrate that our method achieves more pleasing results in vision *** metrics(PSNR,SSIM,UIQM and UCIQE) evaluated on our enhanced images have been improved obviously.

关键词： Multi-expert learning underwater image enhancement unsupervised learning

Chloride molten salt derived attapulgite with ground-breaking electrochemical performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 463-467页

作者： Kailong Zhang Chao Zhang Luanhui Wu Qidong Yang Jiadong Zhang Guang Hu Liang Song Gaoran Li Wenlong Cai school of Chemical Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology school of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University

The existence of adsorbed water and structural water in the crystal structure of attapulgite（ATP） endows it with poor capability to store lithium ions. Herein, the chloride molten salt method was developed to function ATP materials based on theoretical calculations, which exhibit ground-breaking electrochemical performance. After the modification process, the metal ions in chloride molten salt occupy the vertices of the Mg-O octahedral structure from the liberation of structural water and hydroxyl groups in ATP, forming MaMgbAlcSixOy（M = Li, Na, or K）. Using Li Cl molten salt-modified ATP（Li-ATP） as a proof-of-concept,the detailed phase transition, physicochemical properties, and lithium storage capacity were *** to the original ATP, Li-ATP achieves a nearly 7-fold increase in lithium storage capacity（498mAh/g）, featuring a promising low-cost polyanionic type anode material.

关键词： Anode Attapulgite Electrochemical performance Molten salt modification Phase transition

Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search and Its Applications in Healthcare

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 143-185页

作者： Xin Liu Jie Li Jianwei Zhao Bin Cao Rongge Yan Zhihan Lyu school of Economics and Management Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China school of Artificial Intelligence Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China school of Electrical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China Department of Game Design Uppsala UniversityUppsalaS-75105Sweden

Most of the neural network architectures are based on human experience,which requires a long and tedious trial-and-error *** architecture search(NAS)attempts to detect effective architectures without human *** algorithms(EAs)for NAS can find better solutions than human-designed architectures by exploring a large search space for possible *** multiobjective EAs for NAS,optimal neural architectures that meet various performance criteria can be explored and discovered ***,hardware-accelerated NAS methods can improve the efficiency of the *** existing reviews have mainly focused on different strategies to complete NAS,a few studies have explored the use of EAs for *** this paper,we summarize and explore the use of EAs for NAS,as well as large-scale multiobjective optimization strategies and hardware-accelerated NAS *** performs well in healthcare applications,such as medical image analysis,classification of disease diagnosis,and health *** for NAS can automate the search process and optimize multiple objectives simultaneously in a given healthcare *** neural network has been successfully used in healthcare,but it lacks *** data is highly sensitive,and privacy leaks are frequently reported in the healthcare *** solve these problems,in healthcare,we propose an interpretable neuroevolution framework based on federated learning to address search efficiency and privacy ***,we also point out future research directions for evolutionary ***,for researchers who want to use EAs to optimize NNs in healthcare,we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of doing so to provide detailed guidance,and propose an interpretable privacy-preserving framework for healthcare applications.

关键词： Neural architecture search evolutionary computation large-scale multiobjective optimization distributed parallelism healthcare

Comparison of toxicity between lanthanum oxide nanoparticles and lanthanum chloride

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 424-430,I0007页

作者： Kun Huang Songchang Lai Miao Guo Xingwu Zhu Jiashuangwei Yuan Zhehao Liu Gonghua Hu Yanfang Gao school of Public Health and Health Management Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou341000China

Due to the wide application of rare earth elements,lanthanum(La) is gradually accumulated in our living *** can enter the body through a variety of routes,which has a series of effects on various *** a consequence,the safety of lanthanum deserves our *** study aims to compare the toxicity of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles(La_(2)O_(3) NPs) and lanthanum chloride(LaCl_(3)) and enrich the toxicity evaluation of ***,a 30 d intragastal experiment was conducted.C57BL/6j mice were given by La_(2)O_(3) NPs solution and LaCl_(3) solution respectively at doses of 0,30,60 and120 mg/kg BW(lanthanum content).The results show that,compared with the control group,both La_(2)O_(3)NPs and LaCl_(3) can reduce the body weight of female mice in the high-dose group,but for male mice,the high-dose La_(2)O_(3) NPs solution can increase the body weight,while LaCl_(3) has the opposite *** coefficients of liver,kidney,heart,lung,uterine and ovaries increase first and then decrease with the exposure dose,but testes and epididymides coefficient keep increasing with the exposure of LaCl_(3) and La_(2)O_(3) ***_(2)O_(3) NPs and LaCl_(3) can reduce the concentration of triglycerides(TG) and increase the level of low density lipoprotein(LDL),but the effect of La_(2)O_(3) NPs is more ***_(2)O_(3) NPs and LaCl_(3) can reduce the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA),increase the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and enhance the activity of catalase(CAT),but LaCl_(3) has more obvious protective effects on oxidative ***_(2)O_(3) NPs and LaCl_(3) have potential risks to liver,and the toxicity of La_(2)O_(3) NPs might be higher than that of LaCl_(3).

关键词： Rare earth elements Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles Lanthanum chloride Lipid metabolism Oxidative stress

Electrocatalysts with atomic-level site for nitrate reduction to ammonia

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 642-668页

作者： Shuai Yin Rong Cao Yifan Han Jiachangli Shang Jing Zhang Wei Jiang Guigao Liu National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina school of Pharmacy Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

Ammonia(NH_(3))is an important raw material for modern agriculture and industry,being widely demanded to sustain the sustainable development of modern ***,the industrial production methods of NH_(3),such as the traditional Haber-Bosch process,have drawbacks including high energy consumption and significant carbon dioxide *** recent years,the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)powered by intermittent renewable energy sources has gradually become a multidisciplinary research hotspot,as it allows for the efficient synthesis of NH_(3)under mild *** this review,we focus on the research of electrocatalysts with atomic-level site,which have attracted attention due to their extremely high atomic utilization efficiency and unique structural characteristics in the field of NO_(3)***,we introduce the mechanism of nitrate reduction for ammonia synthesis and discuss the in-situ characterization techniques related to the mechanism ***,we review the progress of the electrocatalysts with atomic-level site for nitrate reduction and explore the structure-activity relationship to guide the rational design of efficient ***,the conclusions of this review and the challenges and prospective of this promising field are presented.

关键词： Ammonia synthesis Nitrate reduction Electrocatalysts with atomic-level site Reaction mechanism In-situ characterization techniques

Construction of a nomogram model to predict technical difficulty in performing laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2418-2439页

作者： Xiao-Cong Zhou Shi-Wei Guan Fei-Yue Ke Gaurav Dhamija Qiang Wang Bang-Fei Chen Medical University(Wenzhou Central Hospital) Wenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University(Wenzhou Central Hospital)Wenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Central HospitalWenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina school of International Studies Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou Central HospitalWenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Radiology The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University(Wenzhou Central Hospital)Wenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Colorectal Surgery The Affiliated Zhejiang HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine(Zhejiang Hospital)Hangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal surgeons are well aware that performing surgery for rectal cancer becomes more challenging in obese patients with narrow and deep pelvic ***,it is essential for colorectal surgeons to have a comprehensive understanding of pelvic structure prior to surgery and anticipate potential surgical *** To evaluate predictive parameters for technical challenges encountered during laparoscopic radical sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal *** We retrospectively gathered data from 162 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic radical sphincterpreserving surgery for rectal ***-dimensional reconstruction of pelvic bone and soft tissue parameters was conducted using computed tomography(CT)*** difficulty was categorized as either high or low,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify predictors of operative difficulty,ultimately creating a *** Out of 162 patients,21(13.0%)were classified in the high surgical difficulty group,while 141(87.0%)were in the low surgical difficulty *** logistic regression analysis showed that the surgical approach using laparoscopic intersphincteric dissection,intraoperative preventive ostomy,and the sacrococcygeal distance were independent risk factors for highly difficult laparoscopic radical sphincter-sparing surgery for rectal cancer(P<0.05).Conversely,the anterior-posterior diameter of pelvic inlet/sacrococcygeal distance was identified as a protective factor(P<0.05).A nomogram was subsequently constructed,demonstrating good predictive accuracy(C-index=0.834).CONCLUSION The surgical approach,intraoperative preventive ostomy,the sacrococcygeal distance,and the anterior-posterior diameter of pelvic inlet/sacrococcygeal distance could help to predict the difficulty of laparoscopic radical sphincter-preserving surgery.

关键词： Nomogram Rectal cancer Laparoscopic operation Sphincter-preserving surgery Technical difficulty

A visible-light-assisted Pd/TiO_(2)gas sensor with carbon nanotubes electrodes for trace formaldehyde detection

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 257-266页

作者： Can Liu Qiao-Qiao Zou Bin Liu Yong Zhang school of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China school of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

Owing to the ppb-level detection standard toward the toxic and harmful gas,the detection of trace gases has become an important subject in the field of indoor environment ***,the traditional resistive gas sensors hardly meet the requirement due to the weak signal generated by trace gas molecules that are difficult to ***,a visible-light-assisted Pd/TiO_(2)gas sensor is proposed to endow the effective detection of trace formaldehyde(HCHO)gas without heating *** from the enhanced photocatalytic properties of TiO_(2)by Pd decoration,the visible-light-assisted Pd/TiO_(2)gas sensor can detect the HCHO gas as low as80×10^(–9)at room *** successful preparation of nanoscale TiO_(2)sensing layer is facilitated by the ultrathin carbon nanotube interdigital electrode in the gas sensor,which avoids the discontinuity of the sensing layer caused by the excessive thickness of the traditional metal *** addition,the whole preparation process of the Pd/TiO_(2)gas sensor with carbon nanotube electrodes is compatible with mainstream CMOS fabrication technology,which is expected to realize the batch fabrication and micro-integrated application of gas *** is expected that our work can provide a new strategy for the batch preparation of high-performance trace HCHO gas sensors and their future applications in portable electronic devices such as smartphones.

关键词： Visible-light-assisted gas sensor Pd/TiO_(2) Trace HCHO detection Carbon nanotubes electrodes