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Investigation of Pb(Ⅱ)bioremediation potential of algae and cyanobacteria strains isolated from polluted water

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Water science and Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 237-246页

作者： W.G.Madusha Lakmali A.D.Sarangi N.P.Athukorala Keerthi B.Jayasundera Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka

Algae and cyanobacteria are known to be able to remove a variety of pollutants from water,including toxic metal ions.In this study,algal and cyanobacterial species growing in two polluted water bodies were identified,and the Pb(Ⅱ)removal ability of these isolated species was investigated.Based on microscopic observations,27 species were identified,and nine species were isolated as pure cultures.Pb(Ⅱ)bioremediation of five selected species(Anacystis sp.,Chlorella sp.1,Monoraphidium sp.,Phormidium sp.,and Uronema sp.)was studied in detail.The mean Pb(Ⅱ)removal abilities varied among these five species:Phormidium sp.>Monoraphidium sp.>Uronema sp.>Chlorella sp.1>Anacystis sp.The Pb(Ⅱ)tolerance of each species was determined based on the live cell percentage and biofilm formation capacity.Within a period of 3 d,Phormidium sp.,Monoraphidium sp.,and Uronema sp.showed nearly 90%of survival,and all five species demonstrated biofilm formation capacities exceeding 50%.Furthermore,the Pb(Ⅱ)removal ability of the five species exhibited a strong positive correlation with the live cell percentage and showed a strong negative correlation with the biofilm formation capacity.In conclusion,Phormidium sp.,Monoraphidium sp.,and Uronema sp.exhibited high tolerances towards Pb(Ⅱ)and presented high removal abilities.Thus,these species can be identified as potential sorbents for development of suitable adsorption systems to remove Pb(Ⅱ)from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Algae Toxic metals Isolation Bio-removal Biofilm formation

Estimation of Urban Green Cover Changes in Colombo Municipal Area over Ten Years Using Remote Sensing Techniques

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2022年第4期10卷 95-108页

作者： Karunarathna Atapattu Mudiyanselage Ruwanmali Priyanwada ATAPATTU E.A.Nadeeka M.EDIRISINGHE Sarath P.NISSANKA T.Tamasha FERNANDO Ajith Rohana GUNAWARDENA postgraduate institute of Agriculture Old Galaha Road University of Peradeniya Department of Crop science Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Research and Development Central Environmental Authority

Colombo is the commercial capital of Sri Lanka, with a high population, buildings, and vehicles.Therefore, it is vital to observe the spatial distribution of vegetation types and changes in the green cover of Colombo city to identify priority areas to improve green cover. This study was carried out to estimate the changes in green cover in Colombo Municipal Area(CMA) and its postal zones over 10 years using remote sensing techniques. The green cover was categorized into trees, shrubs, Play-grounds(PG)/Grasslands, wetlands, rooftops, and Ipomoea cover. Accordingly, total green cover increased up to 26.17% from 22.36% during the period of 2012–2022. During the past decade,except for the PG/Grasslands, all other vegetation types have been reduced. Five of the 15 postal zones in the CMA’s green cover have decreased during the past 10 years, including Colombo 04, 05,06, 09, and 13. The highest green cover was recorded in Colombo 07, while the lowest green cover was present in Colombo 11. The outcome of the study emphasizes that CMA is moving towards greening and sustainability even with the expansion of built-up areas and urban populations.

关键词： Urban areas Colombo Municipal Area postal zone green cover remote sensing

Clinical and environmental isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Brazil: Genotyping and detection of virulence gene

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第10期10卷 945-951页

作者： Tereza de Jesus Pinheiro Gomes Bandeira Debora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco Marcos Fabio Gadelha Rocha Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro Crister Jose Ocadaque Manoel de Araújo Neto Paiva Raimunda Samia Nogueira Brilhante Jose Júlio Costa Sidrim Specialized Medical Mycology Center Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology Federal University of Ceará Christus School of Medicine postgraduate Program in Veterinary sciences State University of Ceará Federal institute of Education Science and Technology of Ceará

Objective: To evaluate the genetic diversity of clinical and environmental isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei(B.pseudomallei) recovered in Ceara, Brazil, and screen these isolates for the presence of type three secretion system virulence gene.Methods: Nineteen B.pseudomallei isolates(9 from clinical cases and 10 from soils)were analyzed.Random amplified polymorphic DNA was performed with primers OPQ-2, OPQ-4 and OPQ-16 to evaluate the genetic diversity, and type three secretion system gene was detected through polymerase chain reaction.Results: Random amplified polymorphic DNA showed a genetic relatedness of approximately 50% among the tested B.pseudomallei isolates, which were grouped into two clades, of which the biggest ones comprised 18/19 isolates for primer OPQ-2, and 17/19 isolates for primer OPQ-16.Primer OPQ-4 grouped the isolates into three clades comprising 1/19, 3/19 and 15/19 isolates.Additionally, type three secretion system gene was detected in all tested isolates.Conclusions: This is an effort to type B.pseudomallei strains from Ceara, which is important for better understanding this pathogen, contributing for the epidemiological surveillance of melioidosis in this endemic region.

关键词： Burkholderia pseudomallei Melioidosis RAPD TTSS 基因

Kinetic study of austenite formation during continuous heating of unalloyed ductile iron

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第1期22卷 27-31页

作者： Octvio Vazquez-Gómez Jos Antonio Barrera-Godínez Hctor Javier Vergara-Hernndez Faculty of Chemistry Metallurgical Engineering DepartmentAutonomous National University of Mexico Metallurgy science postgraduate Programme Morelia Institute of Technology

The austenite formation kinetics in unalloyed cast ductile iron was studied on the basis of dilatometry measurements, and Avrami＇s equation was used to estimate the material＇s kinetic parameters. A continuous heating transformation diagram was constructed us-ing heating rates in the range of 0.06 to 0.83℃·s^-1. As the heating rate was augmented, the critical temperatures, c1A and Aα, as well as the intercritical range, which was evaluated as the difference between the critical temperatures, α c1Δ T =A_a- A_c1 , increased. At a low heating rate, the kinetics of austenite formation was slow as a consequence of the iron＇s silicon content. The effect of heating rate on k and n, the kinetic parameters of Avrami＇s equation, was also determined. Parameter n, which is associated with nucleation sites and growth geometry, de-creased with an increase in heating rate. In addition, parameter k increased with the increase of heating rate, suggesting that the nucleation and growth rates are carbon-and silicon-diffusion controlled during austenite formation under continuous heating.

关键词： ductile iron austenite continuous heating heating rate kinetics dilatometry

Low-temperature thermocatalytic particulate carbon decomposition via urea solution-combustion derived CeO2 nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第1期39卷 67-74,I0003页

作者： S.P.Ratnayake M.M.M.G.P.G.Mantilaka C.Sandaruwan D.Dahanayake Y.Pivini Gunasekara S.Jeyasakthy N.M.Gurusinghe U.K.Wanninayake K.M.Nalin de Silva Sri Lanka institute of Nanotechnology Nanotechnology and Science ParkHomagamaSri Lanka School of science Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University(RMIT)Victoria3000Australia Postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices(CAMD) Department of ChemistryUniversity of ColomboColombo 00300Sri Lanka

A facile,one-pot,urea solution combustion route was utilized to synthesize highly catalytic CeO2 nanostructures.CeO2 prepared under varying thermal conditions was characterized by electron microscopy,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,infrared and Raman techniques.As the synthesis temperature is raised from 400 to 1000℃,the crystallite size and dspacing of nanoparticles are observed to reduce while cell parameters remain in the same range.Particle size exhibits an accession from~20 to~50 nm along the process.Initial CeO2 nanoparticles are detected as a composite structure of CeO2 and graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3 N4)produced by the pyrolysis of urea.Concerning the solid carbon particulate oxidation capacity,an outstanding performance is exhibited by CeO2 synthesized at 800℃where the oxidation onset temperature is reduced by 27%compared with the others.The superior performance is attributed to the carbon nitride-generated unique CeO2 nanomorphology consolidating ample reactive sites and facilitated oxygen delivery for a highly efficient thermocatalytic process.Concerning atmospheric pollution mitigation,synthesis of these CeO2 nanostructures represents a cost effective and convenient abatement technique for carbon particulates in comparison to cost-intensive,environmentally detrimental and noble-metal based techniques.

关键词： Ceria Nanoparticles Soot Solution combustion Graphitic carbon nitride Rare earths

Effect of initial microstructure on austenite formation kinetics in high-strength experimental microalloyed steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第12期22卷 1304-1312页

作者： Edgar López-Martínez Octavio Vázquez-Gómez Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández Bernardo Campillo Faculty of Chemistry Metallurgical Engineering Department Autonomous National University of Mexico National Council for science and Technology Metallurgy science postgraduate Programme Morelia Institute of Technology institute of Physical sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico

Austenite formation kinetics in two high-strength experimental microalloyed steels with different initial microstructures comprising bainite-martensite and ferrite-martensite/austenite microconstituents was studied during continuous heating by dilatometric analysis. Austenite formation occurred in two steps：（1） carbide dissolution and precipitation and （2） transformation of residual ferrite to austenite. Dilatometric analysis was used to determine the critical temperatures of austenite formation and continuous heating transformation diagrams for heating rates ranging from 0.03°C.s^-1 to 0.67°C.s^-1. The austenite volume fraction was fitted using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation to determine the kinetic parameters k and n as functions of the heating rate. Both n and k parameters increased with increasing heat- ing rate, which suggests an increase in the nucleation and growth rates of austenite. The activation energy of austenite formation was determined by the Kissinger method. Two activation energies were associated with each of the two austenite formation steps. In the first step, the austenite growth rate was controlled by carbon diffusion from carbide dissolution and precipitation; in the second step, it was controlled by the dissolution of residual ferrite to austenite.

关键词： non-isothermal kinetics microalloyed steel austenite heating dilatometry

Transition of Thalassaemia and Friedreich ataxia from fatal to chronic diseases

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World Journal of Methodology 2014年第4期4卷 197-218页

作者： Annita Kolnagou Christina N Kontoghiorghe George J Kontoghiorghes postgraduate Research institute of science Technology Environment and Medicine Limassol 3021 Cyprus

Thalassaemia major(TM) and Friedreich's ataxia(FA) are autosomal recessive inherited diseases related to the proteins haemoglobin and frataxin respectively. In both diseases abnormalities in iron metabolism is the main cause of iron toxicity leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Major efforts are directed towards the prevention of these diseases and also in their treatment using iron chelation therapy. Both TM and FA are endemic in Cyprus, where the frequency per total population of asymptomatic heterozygote carriers and patients is the highest worldwide. Cyprus has been a pioneering nation in preventing and nearly eliminating the birth of TM and FA patients by introducing an organized health structure, including prenatal and antenatal diagnosis. Effective iron chelation therapy, improved diagnostic methods and transfusion techniques as well as supportive therapy from other clinical specializations have improved the survival and quality of life of TM patients.Despite the tiresome clinical management regimes many TM patients are successful in their professional lives, have families with children and some are now living well into their fifties. The introduction of deferiprone led to the elimination of cardiac failure induced by iron overload toxicity, which was the major cause of mortality in TM. Effective combinations of deferiprone with deferoxamine in TM patients caused the fall of body iron to normal physiological ranges. In FA different mechanisms of iron metabolism and toxicity apply to that of TM, which can be targeted with specific iron chelation protocols. Preliminary findings from the introduction of deferiprone in FA patients have increased the hopes for improved and effective therapy in this untreatable condition. New and personalised treatments are proposed in TM and FA. Overall, advances in treatments and in particular of chelation therapy using deferiprone are transforming TM and FA from fatal to chronic conditions. The paradigm of Cyprus in the prevention and treatment of TM can be used for

关键词： Thalassaemia Friedreich ataxia Prenatal diagnosis Survival Chelation therapy Deferiprone Deferoxamine Cyprus

Laparoscopic management of hydatid cysts using long ribbon gauze:An initial experience of 37 consecutive cases

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 109-114页

作者： Ashok Kumar II Nalini Kanta Ghosh Anu Behari Ashish Singh Rahul Rai Somanath Malage Rajneesh Kumar Singh Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical ScienceLucknow 226014India

Objective:The laparoscopic approach is becoming the standard of care for many surgical disorders.However,in the case of hydatid cysts,laparoscopic management is challenging due to the risk of spillage of hydatid fluid,which can cause an anaphylactic reaction and recurrence.Here,we report our initial experience with laparoscopic partial pericystectomy of hydatid cysts using long ribbon gauze to decrease intra-operative spillage.Method:This was a retrospective study(between January 2010 and December 2021)in the Department of Surgical Gastroenterology,Sanjay Gandhi postgraduate institute of Medical science,a tertiary care referral center in northern India.Here,we have included 37 consecutive patients with hydatid cysts of the liver and spleen.Diagnosis was made by laboratory and imaging findings(abdominal sonography or contrast enhanced CT scans).All patients were managed with laparoscopic partial pericystectomy.Intraoperatively,a betadine-soaked long ribbon gauze,high-pressure suction canula,and an endo-bag were used in all patients.The collected data included patient demography,location,size,and number of cysts,WHO type,operative time,blood loss,postoperative complications,hospital stay and follow-up.Result:In our series,the mean age was 38.4±13.6 years,15(40.5%)were men and 22(59.5%)were women.The right lobe of the liver was the most commonly affected site(21,56.8%).The mean operative time was 80.0±32.0 min,and intraoperative blood loss was 23.6±11.5 mL.Bile leak was present in 6(16.2%)patients.There was no mortality.The hospital stay was 5(3,9)days,and no recurrence was observed at a median follow-up of 36 months.Conclusion:Laparoscopic partial pericystectomy using this technique is safe in the management of hydatid cysts.Simply,proper packing and safe removal of soaked gauzes can minimize the incidence of postoperative complications and recurrence.

关键词： Hydatid cyst Laparoscopic partial pericystectomy Long ribbon gauze

Self-reported participation restrictions in normal hearing individuals in thyroid ontogeny: Evidence of subclinical changes

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Journal of Otology 2019年第1期14卷 6-11页

作者： Caio Le?nidas Oliveira de Andrade Gabriela Carvalho Machado Luan Paulo Franco Magalh?es Elen Pereira de Jesus Elaine Alves Matias Taíse Lima de Oliveira Cerqueira Hélida Braga de Oliveira Luciene da Cruz Fernandes Helton Estrela Ramos Crésio de Arag?o Dantas Alves postgraduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems Institute of Health Science–Federal University of Bahia Department of Life sciences University of the State of Bahia Social Services Sister Dulce institute of Health science–Federal University of Bahia Department of Speech Therapy Institute of Health Science–Federal University of Bahia Department of Bioregulation Health & Sciences Institute Federal University Bahia (UFBA) Medical School Institute of Health Science–Federal University of Bahia

Purpose: To verify evidence of subclinical alterations through self-reported participation restrictions in normal hearing individuals and congenital hypothyroidism patients.Methods: An analytical, quantitative, cross-sectional exploratory study with a 1:1 ratio, consisting of a convenience sample of 86 normal hearing individuals with(n = 42) and without(n = 44) congenital hypothyroidism diagnosis. All participants underwent tonal and speech audiometry, immitance and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. The researchers excluded people with hearing loss, genetic syndromes and metabolic diseases. The instrument used for evaluate of self-reported participation restrictions was the HHIE-adapted questionnaire, composed of 25 questions, 12 of which were social domain and 13 emotional domain. Student's ttest and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%.Results: There was a significant(p < 0.001) self-reported participation restrictions in CH(61.9%), with a greater relevance for the social domain(p = 0.002). There was a greater frequency of mild/moderate(40.5%)and higher prevalence of association with clinical factors and adherence to treatment.Conclusion: The findings indicate that self-reported participation restrictions in normal hearing individuals with congenital hypothyroidism was more significant than in the non-exposed group, suggesting evidence of subclinical auditory abnormalities in this population.

关键词： Hearing Hearing loss Auditory perception Congenital hypothyroidism Surveys and questionnaires