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Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of ethnicminority villages in China using geospatial technology and statistical models

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2770-2789页

作者： SHAO Dandan ZOH Kyungjin Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Graduate school of environmental studies Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial *** are a special type of settlement space that preserve a large number of historical traces of the ethnic culture of ancient *** are important carriers of China’s excellent traditional culture and are key to the implementation of rural revitalization *** this study,1652 EMV in China were selected as the research *** Nearest Neighbor Index,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation index were employed to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of minority *** network models,spatial lag models,and geographical detectors were used to analyze the formation mechanism of spatial heterogeneity in *** results indicate that:(1)EMV exhibit significant spatial differentiation characterized by“single-core with multiple surrounding sub-centers,”“polarization between east and west,”“decreasing quantity from southwest to east coast to northeast to northwest,”and“large dispersion with small agglomeration.”(2)EMV are mainly distributed in areas rich in intangible cultural heritage,with high vegetation coverage and low altitude,far from central cities,and having limited arable land and an underdeveloped economy and transportation,particularly in shaded or riverbank areas.(3)Distance from the nearest river(X3),distance from central cities(X8),national intangible cultural heritage(X9),and NDVI(X10)were the main driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of EMV,whereas elevation(X1)and GDP(X5)had the weakest *** EMV are a relatively unique territorial spatial unit,the identification of their spatial heterogeneity characteristics not only deepens the research content of settlement geography,but also involves the assessment,protection,and development of Minority Villages,which is of great significance for the inheritance and utilization of excellent

关键词： Ethnic-Minority Villages Spatial structure Settlement geography Neural network model Spatial econometric model GeoDetector

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Full sexual maturity-cycle exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of 17β-estradiol decreases reproductive capacity of zebrafish

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 580-592页

作者： Yongkang Zhang Yuanjun Jiang Qian Sun Meng Li Sheng Chen Jingyu Liang Chunsheng Liu College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China school of environmental studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

17β-Estradiol(E2)has been widely detected in natural water and treatment with E2 induces potential endocrine disrupting effects in ***,effects on fish fecundity and steroid system after treatment with environmentally relevant concentrations of E2 for the full sexual maturation cycle remain *** this study,zebrafish were treatment with 0,10 or100 ng/L E2 from embryo to adult stage,and effects on gonadal development and differentiation,steroid hormone levels,transcription of genes associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver(HPG)axis in adults and fertilization rate of offspring were *** results showed that treatment with E2 lead to increased number of feminization in *** females,E2 decreased cumulative amount of spawning and inhibited the maturation of *** males,E2 inhibited the maturation and motility of sperm,as well as decreased the movement speed of *** adverse effects on sperm might be responsible for the reduced fertilization observed in *** addition,treatment with E2 changed the levels of steroid hormones in zebrafish gonad and altered the transcriptional levels of genes associated with HPG axis,which is responsible for the regulation of germ cells maturation and gonadal development in ***,these results suggested that treatment with environmentally relevant concentrations of E2 for the full sexual maturity cycle resulted in adverse effects on reproduction in zebrafish.

关键词： environmental estrogen Zebrafish Fecundity Gonadal development Endocrine disruption

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Source identification and accumulation prediction of Cu in soils from Northwest China over the past 30 years

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Xumei Mao Yuwei Shao school of environmental studies China University of Geosciences

The source and enrichment process of Cu in soil are important for soil environmental pollution monitoring， evaluation， and prediction. The Cu content change curve can reflect the change trend and can be used for early warning and prediction. However， the historical change of Cu content in soil is rarely described by a functional curve due to the lack of long-term observational data. In addition to the soil geochemical background providing soil Cu and the weak accumulation of Cu in soil caused by weathering deposition， industrialization and urbanization in human activities are considered to be the main contribution to accelerating the accumulation of Cu in soil in recent years. According to the historical data of Cu content in soil， the historical change curve of copper content in soil in northwest China was established based on equation fitting. The results indicate that the Cu content affected by human activities is closely related to the total primary energy production (10 000 tons of SCE). The study area in Northwest China satisfies the Allometric1 model. The average annual weathering deposition in the study area from 1990 to 2020 is about 0.00487 mg/kg Cu. Based on the total primary energy production (10 000 tons of SCE)， the future Cu content in soil in the study area can be predicted by Allometric1 model. This model can provide reference for Cu accumulation control and pollution policy in soil.

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Classifying moisture sources associated with snowfall in the mountains of Lesotho

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1941-1953页

作者： Alexi M.MARINAKI Jennifer M.FITCHETT school of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag X3Wits 2050South Africa

An average of eight snowfall events occur each year in the eastern Lesotho *** snowfall events are typically associated with cut-off low(CoLs)systems and mid-latitude ***,the moisture sources of the snowfall are unclassified and *** Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model,an air mass back trajectory model,has been used to evaluate moisture source waters locally in southern Africa and internationally in China and *** study uses HYSPLIT to determine the source moisture of snow in Lesotho.A list of all 82 snowfall events in Lesotho spanning 2017 to 2022 was compiled using the Snow Report SA Instagram page,including the date and location of snowfall.A 72-hour back trajectory for each snowfall event was initiated for both Afriski and the whole of *** amounts to models of moisture source trajectories for 28 and 82 snowfall days,*** air mass pathways are classified according to their frequency per snowfall event,per month in the snow season,per year and for the full *** this,associated moisture source regions and dominant air mass trajectories were *** study reports that the air mass trajectories associated with Afriski and Lesotho as a whole are very *** most common pathway of air mass trajectories transporting snow-bearing moisture to Lesotho was an inland trajectory from the northern regions of southern *** pathway makes up 16.6%of all trajectories reported and is associated with the Angola Low,the Congo Air Boundary and the *** High Pressure.

关键词： Eastern Lesotho Highlands Afriski Snow Cut-off Lows HYSPLIT Synoptic Climatology

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Smart electrochemical sensing of amyloid-beta to manage total Alzheimer's diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1185-1186页

作者： Ajeet Kaushik school of Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) NanoBioTech Laboratory Department of Environmental Engineering Florida Polytechnic University

Need for Alzheimer ’s disease progression monitoring: Alzheimer ’s disease(AD) is an irreversible progressive brain disorder that causes severe and incurable neuro-impairment. The World Health Organization estimates that 55 million people are affected by AD dementia by 2020 which may exceed 78 million by 2030 and 139 in 2050. The estimated cost to manage AD is above US$ 1.3 trillion, which will further increase to US$ 2.8 trillion by 2030.

关键词： IMMUNOSENSOR

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Investigation of HO_(2) uptake mechanisms onto multiple-component ambient aerosols collected in summer and winter time in Yokohama,Japan

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 18-29页

作者： Jun Zhou Yukiko Fukusaki Kentaro Murano Tania Gautam Yu Bai Yoshimi Inomata Hiroaki Komatsu Mayuko Takeda Bin Yuan Min Shao Yosuke Sakamoto Yoshizumi Kajii Institute for environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation forenvironmental Quality Guangzhou 511443China Graduate school of Global environmental studies Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8501Japan Yokohama environmental Science Research Institute Yokohama Kanagawa 221–0024Japan Department of Chemistry University of AlbertaAlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G2Canada Graduate school of Human and environmental studies Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Kanagawa environmental Research Center Kanagawa 254-0014Japan Center for Regional environmental Research National Institute for Environmental StudiesIbaraki305-8506Japan

The heterogeneous loss of HO_(2)radicals onto ambient aerosols plays an important role in tropospheric ***,sparse investigation of the dominating parameters controlling the HO_(2)uptake coefficients onto ambient aerosols(γHO_(2))has largely hindered the application of the measuredγHO_(2)to the global spatial *** we induced an offine method using LFP-LIF technique to measure the kinetics of HO_(2)uptake onto ambient aerosols collected in summertime and wintertime in Yokohama city,a regional urban site near Tokyo,*** controlling the dominating parameters which infuenceγHO_(2),we were able to investigate the detailed HO_(2)uptake *** characterized the chemical composition of the collected ambient aerosols,including organics,inorganics,transition metals ions,*** modeledγHO_(2)using different *** show thatγHO_(2)increased with the increase in RH,and the aerosol states(“dry”or wet/aqueous)have large effects onγHO_(2).With fixed RH and aerosol chemical composition,γHO_(2)was highly dependent on pH and inversely correlated with[HO_(2)]_*** combing the measuredγHO_(2)values with the modeled ones,we found that both the HO_(2)self-reaction and transition metal-catalyzed reactions should be accounted for to yield a single parameterization to predictγHO_(2),and different chemical compositions may have collective effects onγHO_(2).Results may serve for extending theγHO_(2)values measured at one observation site to different environmental conditions,which will help us to achieve more accurate modeling results concerning secondary pollutant formation(i.e.,ozone).

关键词： HO_(2)uptake kinetics Offine method Impacting factors Mechanism

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Characteristics and Genesis of Acid Drainage Contamination from a Rock Tunneling Project Site

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 190-200页

作者： Yanyun Li Zejiao Luo Shihua Qi Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin environmental Aquatic Science School of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

While acid mine drainage(AMD)issues have become a topic of global concern,few studies have focused on acid drainage problems of non-mining *** conducted field research and a series of laboratory experiments to investigate the characteristics,release processes and formation of acid drainage *** rock samples and adjacent surface water,groundwater,soil and sediment samples were collected at a railway tunnel construction site in central China,and various parameters,such as the p H,mineral ion concentrations,and heavy metal concentrations,were *** on the measured concentrations,surface water and sediments were seriously contaminated by acids,sulfate salts and heavy *** in surface water showed a decreasing tendency as the distance from the spoils increased,while that in sediments showed a greater influence of coprecipitation and adsorption processes of heavy metal *** eluviation experiments of three rock samples indicated that R2(silty fine sandstone)was the most likely major acid drainage *** ferrooxidans was cultured and isolated from contaminated water to study the oxidation conditions during the release *** significant release of acid drainage when air and bacteria were both in the culture container suggested that oxygen and bacteria were necessary to produce acid drainage from spoils.

关键词： acid mine drainage heavy metals leaching oxidation

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Recent progress of self-supported air electrodes for flexible Zn-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 110-136,I0004页

作者： Chen Xu Yanli Niu Vonika Ka-Man Au Shuaiqi Gong Xuan Liu Jianying Wang Deli Wu Zuofeng Chen school of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of environmental Science&Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Science and environmental studies The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Smart wearable devices are regarded to be the next prevailing technology product after smartphones and smart homes,and thus there has recently been rapid development in flexible electronic energy storage *** them,flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries have received widespread attention because of their high energy density,good safety,and *** bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts are the primary consideration in the development of flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries,and self-supported air cathodes are strong candidates because of their advantages including simplified fabrication process,reduced interfacial resistance,accelerated electron transfer,and good *** review outlines the research progress in the design and construction of nanoarray bifunctional oxygen *** from the configuration and basic principles of zinc-air batteries and the strategies for the design of bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts,a detailed discussion of self-supported air cathodes on carbon and metal substrates and their uses in flexible zinc-air batteries will ***,the challenges and opportunities in the development of flexible zinc-air batteries will be discussed.

关键词： Bifunctional electrocatalysts Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Self-supported air electrodes Flexible zinc-air batteries

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The great catastrophe: causes of the Permo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： Paul B.Wignall David P.G.Bond school of Earth & Environment University of Leeds school of environmental Sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during the Permo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever experienced. All groups were badly affected, especially amongst the benthos(e.g. brachiopods, corals, bryozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). Planktonic populations underwent a fundamental change with eukaryotic algae being replaced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, green-sulphur bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria and prasinophytes. Detailed studies of boundary sections, especially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling the Permo-Triassic boundary. Many of the losses occur at the beginning and end of this interval painting a picture of a two-phase extinction. Improved knowledge of the extinction has been supported by numerous geochemical studies that allow diverse proposed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A transition from oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections globally, although the intensity and timing shows regional variability. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rapidly rising temperatures and many extinction scenarios attribute the losses to both anoxia and high *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting support from geochemical proxies and, even less likely, siltation(burial under a massive influx of terrigenous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrophic changes at the end of the Permian was likely Siberian Trap eruptions and their associated carbon dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter episodes stemming from Siberian volcanism have also been linked to the crisis, but the short-term nature of these episodes(

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation productivity collapse volcanic winter

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General radical difluoromethylation using difluoroacetic anhydride via photoredox catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2637-2646页

作者： Meng He Yankai Yang Heng Zhang Zhipeng Guan Zhi-Bing Dong Hong Yi Aiwen Lei school of Chemistry and environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences and Institute for Advanced studies(IAS) Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

CF_(2)H-containing molecules play pivotal roles in diverse fields from medicinal chemistry to materials science. However, the application of existing CF_(2)H reagents as a source of CF_(2)H radical is limited by their reactivity and preparation. Herein, we develop a simple and general visible-light-catalyzed radical difluoromethylation reaction of alkenes, dienes, and heteroaromatics using commercially available, easy-to-handle, and low-cost difluoroacetic anhydride as the CF_(2)H reagent. This scalable protocol enables the convenient synthesis of a range of CF_(2)H-containing compounds under mild conditions, exhibiting a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. Potential applications are further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis, sunlight experiments, derivatization experiments as well as the synthesis of bioactive molecules.

关键词： radical difluoromethylation alkenes/dienes/heteroaromatics difluoroacetic anhydride photoredox

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