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Recognition of a salivary effector by the TNL protein RCSP promotes effector-triggered immunity and systemic resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2025年第1期67卷 150-168页

作者： Weiwei Rao Tingting Ma Jiayuan Cao Yajun Zhang Sisi Chen Shu Lin Xiaoxiao Liu Guangcun He Li Wan Key Laboratory of plant Design CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Insects secret chemosensory proteins(CSPs)into plant cells as potential effector proteins during *** molecular mechanisms underlying how CSPs activate plant immunity remain largely *** show that CSPs from six distinct insect orders induce dwarfism when overexpressed in Nicotiana ***-mediated transient expression of Nilaparvata lugens CSP11(NlCSP11)triggered cell death and plant dwarfism,both of which were dependent on ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1(EDS1),N requirement gene1(NRG1)and SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 101(SAG101),indicating the activation of effector-triggered immunity(ETI)in *** of NlCSP11 led to stronger systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 lacking effector HopQ1-1 and tobacco mosaic virus,and induced higher accumulation of salicylic acid(SA)in uninfiltrated leaves compared to another effector XopQ that is recognized by a Tollinterleukin-1 receptor(TIR)domain nucleotidebinding leucine-rich repeat receptor(TNL)called ROQ1 in ***,NlCSP11-induced dwarfism and systemic resistance,but not cell death,were abolished in *** transgenic line expressing the SA-degrading enzyme Nah *** large-scale virus-induced gene silencing screening,we identified a TNL protein that mediates the recognition of CSPs(RCSP),including aphid effector MP10 that triggers resistance against aphids in ***,bimolecular fluorescence complementation and Alpha Fold2 prediction unveiled an interaction between NlCSP11 and ***,RCSP does not contain the conserved catalytic glutamic acid in the TIR domain,which is required for TNL *** findings point to enhanced ETI and systemic resistance by a TNL protein via hyperactivation of the SA ***,RCSP is the first TNL identified to recognize an insect effector.

关键词： chemosensory protein effector effector-triggered immunity salicylic acid TIR-NBS-LRR

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Characteristics and phytotoxicity of hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter:Effects of feedstock type and hydrothermal temperature

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第3期149卷 139-148页

作者： Qianqian Lang Xuan Guo Chao Wang Lingyao Li Yufei Li Junxiang Xu Xiang Zhao Jijin Li Bensheng Liu Qinping Sun Guoyuan Zou Institute of plant Nutrition and Resources Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

The dissolved organic matter(DOM)with high mobility and reactivity plays a crucial role in *** this study,the characteristics and phytotoxicity ofDOMreleased fromthe hydrochars prepared from different feedstocks(cowmanure,corn stalk and Myriophyllum aquaticum)under three hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)temperatures(180,200 and 220°C)were *** results showed that the hydrochars had high dissolved organic carbon content(20.15 to 37.65 mg/g)and its content showed a gradual reduction as HTC temperature *** fluorescent components including mixed substance of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances(C1,30.92%-58.32%),UVA humic acid-like substance(C2,25.27%-29.94%)and protein-like substance(C3,11.74%-41.92%)were identified in hydrochar DOM by excitation emission matrix spectra coupled with parallel factor *** HTC temperature increased the relative proportion of aromatic substances(C1+C2)and humification degree of hydrochar DOM from cow manure,while it presented adverse effects on the hydrochar DOM from corn stalk and *** principal component analysis suggested that feedstock type and HTC temperature posed significant effects on the characteristics of hydrochar ***,seed germination test of all hydrochar DOM demonstrated that the root length was reduced by 8.88%-26.43%in contrast with control,and the germination index values were 73.57%-91.12%.These findings provided new insights into the potential environmental effects for hydrochar application in soil.

关键词： Hydrochar Hydrothermal temperature Dissolved organic matter Excitation emission matrix Parallel factor analysis Phytotoxicity

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Molecular and cellular mechanisms of photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in plants

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Molecular plant 2025年第1期18卷 26-41页

作者： Na Wang Xiang Li Jun Zhu Zhong-Nan Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of plant Molecular sciences Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources DevelopmentCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of plant Germplasm Resources College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(P/TGMS)lines display male sterility under high-temperature/long-day light conditions and male fertility under low-temperature/short-day light conditions.P/TGMS lines are the fundamental basis for the two-line hybrid breeding,which has notably increased the yield potential and grain quality of rice *** this review,we focus on the research progress on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in *** essence of P/TGMS line is their ability to produce viable pollen under varying *** overview the processes involved in anther and pollen development,as well as the molecular,cellular,and genetic mechanisms underlying P/TGMS in Arabidopsis,rice,and other *** development has been identified as a common mechanism of P/TGMS fertility restoration in both Arabidopsis and rice,while reactive oxygen species homeostasis has been implicated in rice P/***,we discuss the prospective applications of P/TGMS and potential solutions to the challenges in this *** review deepens the understanding of the mechanisms underlying P/TGMS and its utilization in two-line hybrid breeding across diverse crops.

关键词： P/TGMS lines pollen cell wall transition slow development ROS homeostasis

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Silk damping in scalar-induced gravitational waves:a novel probe for new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 75-81页

作者： Yan-Heng Yu Sai Wang Theoretical Physics division Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Silk damping is well known in the study of cosmic microwave background(CMB)and accounts for suppression of the angular power spectrum of CMB on large angular *** this article,we study the effect of Silk damping on the scalar-induced gravitational waves(SIGWs).Resulting from the dissipation of cosmic fluid,the Silk damping notably suppresses the energy-density spectrum of SIGWs on scales comparable to a diffusion scale at the decoupling time of weakly-interacting *** effect offers a novel observable for probing the underlying particle interaction,especially for those mediated by heavy gauge bosons beyond the standard model of *** anticipate that pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gauge bosons with mass∼10^(3)-10^(4)GeV,while space-and ground-based interferometers to those with mass∼10^(7)-10^(12)GeV,leading to essential comple-ments to on-going and future experiments of high-energy physics.

关键词： scalar-induced gravitational waves Silk damping new physics

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RPSR1, a major quantitative trait locus for Pythium stalk rot resistance in maize

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 51-61页

作者： He, Shengfeng Chen, Junbin Liu, Chuang Liu, Dandan Wang, Lei Duan, Canxing Zhu, Wangsheng State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for plant Quarantine Pests China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Institute of plant sciences University of Bern Altenbergrain 21 Bern 3013 Switzerland Institute of Crop sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Pythium stalk rot (PSR) is a destructive disease of maize, severely affecting yield and grain quality. The identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) or genes for resistance to PSR forms the basis of disease-resistant hybrids breeding. In this study, a major QTL, Resistance to Pythium stalk rot 1 (RPSR1), was identified from a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from MS71 and POP. Using a recombinant progeny testing strategy, RPSR1 was fine-mapped in a 472 kb interval. Through candidate gene expression, gene knock-down and knock-out studies, a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase gene, PEP RECEPTOR 2 (ZmPEPR2), was assigned as a PSR resistance gene. These results provide insights into the genetic architecture of resistance to PSR in maize, which should facilitate breeding maize for resistance to stalk rot. © 2025 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS

关键词： LRR-RLK Maize Pythium stalk rot Quantitative trait loci (QTL) ZmPEPR2

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Unlocking the power of tandem repeat variations to fine-tune rice phenotypes

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 297-298页

作者： Kang Chong Key Laboratory of plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The diversity of crop phenotypes is shaped by numerous genomic *** staple cereals like rice,lots of functional variants,including quantitative trait locus(QTLs),have been identified and used to improve various crop traits(yield,quality,architecture,etc.).To breed ideal crop cultivars for agricultural production,we need more and more precise modulation of phenotypes to obtain desirable *** the past decade,genome editing techniques have enabled us to precisely change crop genome sequences,and also functional variants[1],[2],[3].

关键词： cultivar cereal precise

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Geochemistry of shales of middle Permian Barren Measures Formation,West Bokaro Basin,India:Implications on provenance,paleodepositional and paleoclimatic conditions

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 40-65页

作者： Mritunjoy Banerjee Biplab Bhattacharya Arnab Bhattacharya Aniruddha Pathak Partha Pratim Banerjee Department of Earth sciences Indian Institute of Technology Natural Resource division Tata Steel Limited

Geochemical analyses of fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks,such as shales,are significant since they portray the nature of the control factors from source to sink in a sedimentary basin,and help characterizing the heterogeneity in potential source and/or reservoir *** rock geochemistry（including major element oxides,trace elements and rare earth elements） of 20 shale samples from the Permian Barren Measures Formation,West Bokaro Basin,Peninsular India,is presented to decipher the provenance,paleoweathering,paleotectonic,paleodepositional and paleoredox conditions of the basin within the Lower Gondwana paleogeographic framework.X-ray diffraction（XRD） peaks and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）reveal an abundance of quartz,muscovite and clay minerals,viz.,illite,kaolinite,etc.,with less abundant feldspar and *** concentrations of major element oxides,trace elements and rare earth elements（REEs） of the shale samples are compared with predefined standards such as PAAS and *** CIA（chemical index of alteration） and the A-CN-K values,based on the ratios of the major element oxides,signify intense chemical *** ratios of Sr/Cu versus Rb/Sr and K2O/Al2O3versus Ga/Rb,and high ∑REE values indicate a temperate *** of the major element oxides（e.g.,K2O/Na2O versus SiO2） suggest a passive tectonic *** Eu/Eu*and（Gd/Yb）_n values depict predominantly post-Archean granitic and gneissic source *** ratios of trace elements,viz.,Th/Sc,Th/Co,Th/Cr,La/Sc and Eu/Eu*,and the distribution pattern of the REEs（higher LREE in comparison to HREE） attest to a felsic-intermediate source from a nearby *** redox-sensitive trace elements,such as V and Ni,indicate a dysoxic condition that prevailed during *** ratios of Fe2O3versus MgO and Log（MgO/Al2O3） versus Log（K2O/Al2O3）,and the ternary plots of Fe2O3-MgO-SiO2/Al2O3suggest a non-marine to deltaic transitional *** evidence of marine influences during

关键词： Guadalupian Lower Gondwana Passive margin rift basin Fluvial–marine transition Anoxic condition West Bokaro Basin

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Dietary supplementation of valine,isoleucine,and tryptophan may overcome the negative effects of excess leucine in diets for weanling pigs containing corn fermented protein

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 267-281页

作者： Andrea P.Mallea Charmaine D.Espinosa Su A Lee Minoy A.Cristobal Leidy J.Torrez‑Mendoza Hans H.Stein division of Nutritional sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Animal sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Present Address:EnviroFlight RaleighNCUSA.

Background Diets with high inclusion of corn co-products such as corn fermented protein(CFP)may contain excess Leu,which has a negative impact on feed intake and growth performance of pigs due to increased catabolism of Val and Ile and reduced availability of Trp in the brain for serotonin ***,we hypothesized that the negative effect of using CFP in diets for weanling pigs may be overcome if diets are fortified with crystalline sources of Val,Trp,and(or)*** Three hundred and twenty weanling pigs were randomly allotted to one of 10 dietary treatments in a com-pletely randomized design,with 4 pigs per pen and 8 replicate pens per treatment.A corn-soybean meal diet and 2 basal diets based on corn and 10%CFP or corn and 20%CFP were *** additional diets were formu-lated by fortifying the basal diet with 20%CFP with Ile,Trp,Val,Ile and Val,Ile and Trp,Trp and Val,or Ile,Trp and Val.A two-phase feeding program was used,with d 1 to 14 being phase 1 and d 15 to 28 being phase *** scores were recorded every other *** samples were collected on d 14 and 28 from one pig per *** d 14,fecal samples were collected from one pig per pen in 3 of the 10 treatments to determine volatile fatty acids,ammonium concen-tration,and microbial *** pigs were also euthanized and ileal tissue was *** There were no effects of dietary treatments on any of the parameters evaluated in phase *** of 10%or 20%CFP in diets reduced(P<0.05)final body weight on d 28,and average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)in phase 2 and for the entire experimental ***,pigs fed the CFP diet supplemented with Val,Ile,and Trp had final body weight,ADFI,ADG and gain to feed ratio in phase 2 and for the entire experiment that was not different from pigs fed the control *** scores in phase 2 were reduced(P<0.05)if CFP was *** Corn fermented protein may be included by up to 20%in diets for weanling pi

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Corn fermented protein Leucine Tryptophan Valine Weanling pigs

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Genome-wide identification of yellow gene family in Hermetia illucens and functional analysis of yellow-y by CRISPR/Cas9

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 115-126页

作者： Yongcheng Dong Xiaomiao Xu Lansa Qian Zongqing Kou Awawing A.Andongma Lijun Zhou Yongping Huang Yaohui Wang Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Insttutes College of Plant ProtectionAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina Chinese Academy of sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesCASShanghaiChina Insect and Parasite Ecology Group Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityLancasterUK School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

The yellow gene family plays a crucial role in insect *** has potential for use as a visible marker gene in genetic manipulation and transgenic engineering in several model and non-model ***,yellow genes have rarely been identified in Stratiomyidae species and the functions of yellow genes are relatively *** the present study,we first manually annotated and curated 10 yellow genes in the black soldier fly(BSF),Hermetia illucens(Stratiomyidae).Then,the conserved amino acids in the major royal jelly proteins(MRJPs)domain,structural architecture and phylogenetic relationship of yellow genes in BSF were *** found that the BSF yellow-y,yellow-c and yellow-f genes are expressed at all developmental stages,especially in the prepupal *** the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system,we successfully disrupted yellow-y,yellow-c and yellow-f in the ***,the mutation of yellow-y clearly resulted in a pale-yellow body color in prepupae,pupae and adults,instead of the typical black body color of the wild ***,the mutation of yellow-c or yellow-f genes did not result in any change in color of the insects,when compared with the wild *** study indicates that the BSF yellow-y gene plays a role in body pigmentation,providing an optimal marker gene for the genetic manipulation of BSF.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 Hermetia illucens pigmentation yellow family yellow-y

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N^(6)-methyladenosine on the natural antisense transcript of NIA1 stabilizes its mRNA to boost NO biosynthesis and modulate stomatal movement

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Molecular plant 2025年第1期18卷 151-165页

作者： Jie Li Wen Tian Ting Chen Qing-Yan Liu Hua-Wei Wu Chuan-Hui Liu Yuan-Yuan Fang Hui-Shan Guo Jian-Hua Zhao State Key Laboratory of plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Nitric oxide(NO)is a crucial signaling molecule that regulates a wide range of metabolic pathways in different strata of *** plants,nitrate reductase(NR)is a key enzyme for NO *** are two NR-encoding genes in Arabidopsis genome,NIA1 and NIA2,which are precisely regulated and expressed in a tissue-specific *** this study,we found that the natural antisense transcript as-NIA1,transcribed from the 30 UTR of NIA1,stabilizes NIA1 mRNA to maintain its circadian oscillation in plants grown under the light/dark ***,as-NIA1-dependent NIA1 mRNA stability is indispensable for NIA1-mediated NO biosynthesis in guard cells and natural stomatal ***,we revealed that polypyrimidine tract-binding 3(PTB3)regulates the stabilization of NIA1 mRNA by directly binding to UC-rich elements of *** further found that MTA deposits N^(6)-methyladenosine(m6 A)on as-NIA1,facilitating the as-NIA1-PTB3 interaction in vivo,in agreement with RNA structure prediction in that m6 Amediated structural alterations expose the UC-rich elements to enhance the accessibility of *** together,these findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism by which plants precisely manipulate NO biosynthesis to modulate light/dark-regulated stomatal movement,highlighting the coupling of RNA epigenetic modifications and structures shaping RNA-protein interactions in the regulation of hormone biosynthesis.

关键词： natural antisense transcript,NO biosynthesis,N^(6)-methyladenosine,NIA1,stomatal movement

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