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A single degenerated primer significantly improves COX1 barcoding performance in soil nematode community profiling

Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 31-44页

作者： Yincai Ren Dorota L. Porazinska Quanhui Ma Shuhan Liu Hongmei Li Xue Qing Department of plant pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Department of Entomology and nematology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Institute of Grassland Science Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

A new COX1 primer for soil nematode metabarcoding was designed,and this primer outperforms other commonly used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of PCR products.•The lack of reference database is the main reason that led to the low species recovery in COX1 metabarcoding.•We expanded current NCBI database by adding 51 newly generated COX1 reference *** nematodes play important roles in soil ecosystems and often serve as bioindicators of soil *** identification of soil nematodes is often difficult due to their limited diagnostic characters and high phenotypic *** barcoding and metabarcoding techniques are promising but lack universal primers,especially for mitochondrial COX1 *** this study a degenerated COX1 forward primer COIFGED was *** primer pair(COIFGED/JB5GED)outperforms other four commonly used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of polymerase chain reaction(PCR)*** metabarcoding analysis,the reads obtained from the new primer pair had the highest sequencing saturation threshold and amplicon sequence variant(ASV)diversity in comparison to other COX1 as well as 18S rRNA *** annotation of ASVs suggested the new primer pair initially recovered 9 and 6 out of 25 genera from mock communities,respectively,outperformed other COX1 primers,but underperformed the widely used 18S NF1/18Sr2b primers(16 out of 25 genera).By supplementing the COX1 database with our reference sequences,we recovered an additional 6 mock community species bringing the tally closer to that obtained with 18S *** summary,our newly designed COX1 primers significantly improved species recovery and thus can be supplementary or alternative to the conventional 18S metabarcoding.

关键词： degenerated primers DNA metabarcoding mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene phylogeny ribosomal RNA gene soil nematodes

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昆虫和线虫胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子的生理功能研究进展

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昆虫学报 2024年第7期67卷 1006-1018页

作者：钱秀娟刘长仲杨亚贤马丽娟陈红李茜童 Edwin E.LEWIS 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室兰州730070 Department of Entomology Plant Pathology and NematologyCollege of Agricultural and Life SciencesUniversity of IdahoIdahoID 83844-229USA

胰岛素是由胰岛素细胞分泌的一种分子量较小的蛋白质激素,通过细胞信号转导通路控制调节糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢,进而对生命有机体产生影响。昆虫和线虫体内均存在胰岛素信号通路,调控其代谢、生长发育和寿命,且均与脊椎动物高度同源。模... 详细信息

胰岛素是由胰岛素细胞分泌的一种分子量较小的蛋白质激素,通过细胞信号转导通路控制调节糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢,进而对生命有机体产生影响。昆虫和线虫体内均存在胰岛素信号通路,调控其代谢、生长发育和寿命,且均与脊椎动物高度同源。模式生物黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster和秀丽隐杆线虫Caenorhabditis elegans的胰岛素信号通路研究,作为一根探针,为人类胰岛素相关疾病研究提供试验模型,对生命科学的研究具有重要意义,因此有关线虫和昆虫的胰岛素研究较为深入。昆虫病原线虫(entomopathogenic nematode,EPN)作为一种重要的生物防治因子,其生命周期既包括在寄主昆虫内的寄生阶段,又包括在自然界当中的自由生活阶段。在寄生阶段,线虫体内携带的共生细菌主要通过对寄主昆虫的血液循环系统起作用,从而造成寄主昆虫的死亡,因此,EPN与寄主昆虫的血液系统有着密切的关系。综上,探讨胰岛素对EPN的影响,必须同时关注胰岛素对线虫和寄主昆虫的影响。为了能科学系统地展开胰岛素对EPN的影响并进行深入探讨,本文就昆虫和线虫胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子的生理功能展开综述,以期为研究胰岛素对EPN影响及EPN的应用中胰岛素的干预应用提供思路及理论基础。

关键词：胰岛素昆虫线虫昆虫病原线虫共生细菌生理代谢

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Metabolites Composition of Bacillus subtilis HussainT-AMU Determined by LC-MS and Their Effect on Fusarium Dry Rot of Potato Seed Tuber

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第3期92卷 783-799页

作者： Touseef Hussain Abrar A.Khan Heba I.Mohamed plant pathology and nematology section Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia Biological and Geological Sciences Department Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt

Fusarium dry rot is considered to be the most critical soilborne and postharvest disease that damages potato tubers worldwide when they are stored for a long *** study was performed to demonstrate the effect of crude extract,culture filtrate,and cell suspension obtained from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis Hussain T-AMU,on the net house and *** oil-contaminated soil,through the serial dilution method,biosurfactant bacteria were isolated on nutrient agar *** isolate and screen the prospective biosurfactant strain,various biosurfactant screening methods were *** protocols were carried out for morphological,molecular,and chemical *** disease incidences were significantly decreased under net house and field conditions after treatment with biosurfactant extract(20%,70%),culture filtrate(23%,49%),and bacterial cell suspension(46%,27%),*** results indicate a significant effect of *** HussainT-AMU against Fusarium *** characterization of the partially purified extract by gas-chromatography indicated the existence of a high amount of methyl ester fatty *** quantitative analysis determined the presence of lipopeptide-surfactin,fengycin,and iturin in the biosurfactant *** electron microscopy revealed that morphological variation was revealed in the structure of stomata size in leaves and in the mycelia of the pathogen that was *** promising biocontrol agent can be a plausible option for further research and can also be used for the production of green biomolecules at an additional industrial level.

关键词： Biosurfactant biocontrol agents disease severity lipopeptide stomata

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Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Psoralea corylifolia plant by Enhancing the Biocontrol Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Using Press Mud

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第8期91卷 1757-1777页

作者： Yasar Nishat Mohammad Danish Heba I.Mohamed Hisamuddin Shaikh Abeer Elhakem section of plant pathology and nematology Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Biological and Geological Sciences Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityCairo11341Egypt Department of Biology College of Science and Humanities in Al-KharjPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia

Meloidogyne incognita is a plant pathogen causing root-knot disease and loss of crop *** present study aimed to use Trichoderma harzianum as a biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes and used press mud,which is a solid waste by-product of sugarcane,as a biocontrol agent and ***,the combined application of *** and press mud may enhance nematode control and plant *** analysis of press mud using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)integrated with an Energy Dispersive X-ray(EDX)analyzer revealed the presence of different elements such as C,O,Mg,Si,P,K,Ca,Cu and *** addition,a greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of press mud and *** on *** reproduction and growth and the biochemical features of Psoralea *** results showed that plant length,dry biomass,leaf area,the number of seeds per plant,chlorophyll a,chl b,carotenoid content,nitrate reductase,carbonic anhydrase,and nitrogen content were significantly increased(P≤0.05)in the T2 plants(plants were treated with 100 g of press mud+50 mL *** before one week of *** inoculation),over inoculated plants(IC).Antioxidant enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase(APX),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the foliage of *** was significantly increased when plants were treated with press mud+***.A significant reduction in the number of egg masses,nematode population,and root-knot index(RKI)was found in plants with T2 *** results suggest that the combined application of *** and press mud has the potential to control the *** infection and can be used as an environmentally safe alternative to chemical nematicides and also help in the removal of sugarcane waste that causes environmental pollution.

关键词： Growth improvement antioxidant enzymes nitrate reductase carbonic anhydrase root-knot index

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Parasitism and pathogenicity of Radopholus similis to Ipomoea aquatica, Basella rubra and Cucurbita moschata and genetic diversity of different populations

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第1期15卷 120-134页

作者： LI Yu WANG Ke XIE Hui XU Chun-ling WANG Dong-wei LI Jing HUANG Xin PENG Xiao-fang Laboratory of plant nematology and Research Center of Nematodes of plant Quarantine Department of Plant Pathology South China Agricultural University

Ten populations of Radopholus similis from different ornamental hosts were tested for their parasitism and pathogenicity to water spinach （Ipomoea aquatic）, malabar spinach （Basella rubra）, and squash （Cucurbita moschata） in pots. The re- sults showed all three plants were new hosts of R. similis. Growth parameters of plants inoculated with nematodes were significantly lower than those of healthy control plants. All R. similis populations were pathogenic to the three plants, but pathogenicity differed among populations from different hosts. The same R. similis populations also showed different pathogenic effects in the three different plants. RadN5 population from Anthurium andraeanum had the highest pathoge- nicity to the three studied plants. RadN1 from A. andraeanum had the lowest pathogenicity to squash and RadN7 from Chrysalidocarpus lutesens had the lowest pathogenicity to water spinach and malabar spinach. R. similis is usually associated with root tissues, but here we report that it could be found to move and feed in the stem bases of all three studied plants. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of DNA markers of the 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, and mitochondrial DNA gene sequences of ten R. similis populations revealed significant genetic diversity. RadN5 and RadN6 populations from anthurium showed a close genetic relationship and could be distinguished from other populations by PCR-RFLP. At the same time, RadN5 and RadN6 populations were the most pathogenic to three studied plants. These results confirm the existence of large biological variability and molecular diversity among R. similis populations from the same or different hosts, and these characteristics are related to pathogenic variability.

关键词： burrowing nematode parasitism pathogenicity genetic diversity PCR-RFLP

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Exploring the nano-fungicidal efficacy of green synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles(MgO NPs)on the development,physiology,and infection of carrot(Daucus carota L.)with Alternaria leaf blight(ALB):Molecular docking

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第10期22卷 3069-3080页

作者： Lukman AHAMAD Azmat ALI KHAN Masudulla KHAN Orudzhev FARID Mahboob ALAM plant pathology/nematology Laboratory Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India Regional plant Quarantine Station Salt LakeKolkata 700097India Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Botany section Women’s CollegeAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India Amirkhanov Institute of Physics Dagestan Federal Scientific CenterRussian Academy of SciencesMakhachkala 367003Russia Department of Safety Engineering Dongguk UniversityGyeongju-si 780714Republic of Korea

In this research,green synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles(MgO NPs)from lemon fruit extracts and their fungicidal potential was evaluated against Alternaria dauci infection on carrot(Daucus carota L.)under greenhouse *** scanning and transmission electron microscopy(SEM and TEM)and ultra-violet(UV)visible spectroscopy were used to validate and characterize MgO *** crystalline nature of MgONPs was determined using selected area electron diffraction(SAED).MgO NPs triggered substantial antifungal activity against *** when exposed to 50 and 100 mg L^(–1)concentrations but the higher antifungal potential was noticed in 100 mg L^(–1)under invitro *** fungal inoculated plants,a marked decrease in growth,photosynthetic pigments,and an increase in phenol,proline contents,and defense-related enzymes of carrot were seen over control(distilled water).However,foliar application of MgO NPs at 50 and 100 mg L^(–1)resulted in significant improvement of plant growth,photosynthetic pigments,phenol and proline contents,and defense enzymes activity of carrots with and without *** *** of MgO NPs at 100 mg L^(–1)had more plant length(17.11%),shoot dry weight(34.38%),plant fresh weight(20.46%),and root dry weight(49.09%)in carrots when challenged with *** over inoculated *** leaf blight indices and percent disease severity were also reduced in *** inoculated plants when sprayed with MgO *** non-bonding interactions of Alternaria genus protein with nanoparticles were studied using molecular docking.

关键词： green synthesis MgO nanoparticles alternaria leaf blight photosynthetic pigments defense enzymes carrot

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A comparative study of Neogymnomyces virgineus,a new keratinolytic species from dung,and its relationships with the Onygenales

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 13-34页

作者： Francesco Doveri Susanna Pecchia Mariarosaria Vergara Sabrina Sarrocco Giovanni Vannacci Department of Tree Science Entomology and Plant Pathology“G.Scaramuzzi”Section Plant PathologyUniversity of Pisavia del Borghetto 8056124 PisaItaly

Isolations of onygenalean fungi were made recently from different dung samples from Italy.A striking snowwhite species with gymnothecial ascomata,developed in damp chamber on dormouse dung collected in a cave,was subjected to keratinolytic tests and morphological,cultural,and phylogenetic *** keratinolytic ability of this species,associated with a Chrysosporium anamorph and a sexual state of appendiculate reticuloperidia and oblate ascospores,allows it to be accomodated in *** ascomata,blunt or subcapitate peridial appendages,pitted ascospores,and tuberculate conidia suggest it to be a new Neogymnomyces,and this was confirmed by parsimony analyses of LSU and ITS nrDNA *** recent phylogenetic analyses,the morphological and physiological features of order Onygenales and its families are re-examined and *** the introduction of a new species,Neogymnomyces is reviewed and compared with all other genera in *** Chrysosporium imperfect state of Neogymnomyces virgineus is described and compared to the anamorph of *** is also compared to the atypical Chrysosporium merdarium and to several other Chrysosporium species with echinulate to verrucose-tuberculate conidia,isolated from guano,dung,and nitrogen-rich soils in *** onygenalean fungi isolated from any kind of dung are discussed and their facultative coprophily ascribed to variable faecal contents of keratin or other degradable substances.A key to the families and genera of the Onygenales is provided.

关键词： Chrysosporium Coprophily Key Keratinolysis/keratinophily New Neogymnomyces Onygenalean fungi Phylogeny

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Fungi associated with wheat seed discolouration and abnormalities in <i>in-vitro</i>study

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 516-520页

作者： Neha Pathak Razia. K. Zaidi section of plant pathology and nematology Department of Botany Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India

The main aim of present study is to ascertain the fungal species and their effect on germination associated with wheat seeds. Seeds of three varieties WH896, PBW-373 and HD264 of wheat (Triticum aestivum) were collected from Quarsi Agriculture Farm Aligarh. These three seed samples of wheat showing different forms of discouloration and abnormalities were screened for associated fungi. Microscopic examination of wheat seeds reveals that seeds of all the varieties of wheat possess injuries to varying extent. Detailed examination of the seeds has shown that the seeds can be classified on the basis of extent of injury in the three categories viz., seeds having minor cracks, cracks without exposed embryo and cracks with exposed embryo. Seed soaking and washing techniques were also employed. Fusarium moniliforme and Alternaria alternata were isolated from all the categories of seed tested. Floating mycelial bits and conidia of Alternaria, Fusarium, Drechslera, Curvularia lunata, Mucor were found in all the three varieties of wheat. The seeds were subjected to visual observation and examination under stereoscopic microscope. These findings are to study and detect the phytopathogenic mycoflora which causes damage and loss to our seeds and crops.

关键词： Wheat Seed-Borne Fungi Incidence Discolouration Wrinkled Seeds

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Occurrence of Root-Knot and Reniform Nematodes in Ornamental plants Grown in Aligarh Muslim University Campus, India

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1885-1888页

作者： Aasia Rashid Bhat Tabreiz Ahmed Khan Umar Farooq section of plant pathology and nematology Department of Botany Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India

An extensive survey of about 50 ornamental plants growing in A.M.U. campus were carried out to find out the infection of root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus reniformis). Out of 50 species of ornamental plants studied, 29 species of these plants were found to be infected with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and 15 species were infected with reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis). The highest percentage of infection of root-knot nematodes was observed in Impatiens balsamina (100%) and reniform nematode was observed in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (56%). Among the Meloidogyne spp. the highest percentage of infection of M. incognita was observed in Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum (80%) whereas, the highest percentage of infection of M. javanica and M. arenaria was observed in Mirabilis jalapa (72%) and Celosis cristata (28%).

关键词： Root-Knot Nematode Reniform Nematode Ornamental plants

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Chemical Hide and Seek: Nematode’s Journey to Its plant Host

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Molecular plant 2020年第4期13卷 541-543页

作者： Natalie Hamada Henok Zemene Yimer Valerie M.Williamson Shahid Siddique Department of Entomology&nematology University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of plant pathology University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA

plant-parasitic nematodes are among the most destructive plant pathogens,causing estimated damage of more than US$100 billion per *** expert-based assessment of crop health listed nematodes as among the most damaging pests and pathogens in potato,soybean,and wheat crops(Savary et al.,2019).Most damage is caused by a small group of root-infecting sedentary endoparasitic nematodes including cyst nematodes and rootknot nematodes(RKNs).Second-stage juveniles(J2s)of plantparasitic nematodes hatch from eggs into the soil and localize to the roots of host *** success of these non-feeding J2s depends on their ability to locate and infect a suitable *** attraction of plant-parasitic nematodes to the host root has been a subject of study for the past 80 years following the pioneering research that demonstrated the attraction of RKN specifically toward root tips(Lindford,1939).Both volatile and soluble components in the rhizosphere have been shown to influence nematode movement.

关键词： soybean crops soil

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