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Influence of Sanitization Process on Maintaining Sweet Potato Quality for Export

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2024年第1期14卷 31-37页

作者： Saneya M.El Neshawy Tharwa M.Elkholi Salah H.Hegazy Department of Post-harvest Diseases Plant Pathology Research InstituteAgricultural Research Center(ARC)Giza 12619Egypt Central Administration for Medical Services Ministry of AgricultureDokii 12611Egypt General Manager of AgroFood Company Limited Dokii 12611Egypt

The whole cold-chain for exporting sweet potato(native variety“Abees”),to foreign market included immediate curing operation directly after harvest helped in healing skin texture,however,in order to reduce postharvest soft rot(Rhizopus stolonifer)incidence following trimming,and washing,ultraviolet light(UV-C)treatment was used as a main sanitizer for eliminating the soft *** of the roots to UV-C(254 nm)was applied in a UV-C room on freshly harvested and cured sweet potato while rolling up on a movable line at 20 cm distance for 1,2,and 3 *** combining UV-C treatment with chlorine(200 ppm)on roots,marked and significant reduction of the total microbial load and Rhizopus potential was achieved on root surfaces respectively compared with chlorine *** also reduced soft rot percentage to almost 0%*** 3 months of cold-storage,quality assessment of sweet potato showed that root characteristics were markedly *** ability of UV-C light to induce phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)enzyme activity in root tissue and maintain the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase,however with slight increase,was ***-C caused an increase of phenol content in sweet potato tissue that made an activation of defense reaction against the rot causal *** the exposure time to UV-C light increased,a higher content of phenols ***,UV-C application caused decrease in sugar content of root tissue that is flavored by soft rot-causal pathogen.

关键词： Sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas) soft rot Rhizopus stolonifer UV-C light cold storage microbial load

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An efficient and universal protoplast-based transient gene expression system for genome editing in Brassica crops

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Horticultural plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 983-994页

作者： Xiaoxiao Yu Jintai Yu Yin Lu Wenjing Li Guanzhong Huo Jun Zhang Yan Li Jianjun Zhao Jun Li State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation College of Life SciencesHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China Hebei Key Laboratory of plant Physiology and Molecular pathology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China College of Modern Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China Human Resource Department Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China

Protoplast-based transient gene expression system has been widely used in plant genome editing because of its simple operation and less *** order to establish a universal protoplast-based transient transfection system for verifying activities of genome editing vectors containing targets in Brassica,we systematically optimized factors affecting protoplast isolation and transient gene *** established an efficient protoplast-based transient gene expression system(PTGE)in Chinese cabbage,achieving high protoplast yield of 4.9×10^(5)·g^(-1)FW,viability over 95%,and transfection efficiency of 76%.We showed for the first time that pretreatment of protoplasts with a hypotonic MMG could significantly enhance the transfection ***,protoplasts incubated at 37℃ for 6 min improved the transfection efficiency to 86%.We also demonstrated that PTGE worked well(more than 50%transfection efficiency)in multiple Brassica species including cabbage,Pak Choi,Chinese kale,and ***,PTGE was used for validating the activities of CRISPR/Cas9 vectors containing targets in Chinese cabbage,cabbage,and pak choi,demonstrating the broad applicability of the established PTGE for genome editing in Brassica crops.

关键词： Chinese cabbage PTGE Transfection efficiency CRISPR/Cas9

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The new kid on the block in insect pest management:sprayable RNAi goes commercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang David Mota-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim Subba Reddy Palli Silvia I.Rondon Brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes Michael S.Crossley William E.Snyder Angharad M.R.Gatehouse Myron P.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Department of Entomology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA Department of plant Medicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea Department of Entomology University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA Department of Entomology and plant pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the Environment University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Department of Entomology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest damage to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilman et al.,2011).Climate change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environmental and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that meet ever-increasing global demand.

关键词： crops damage pest

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Review on dietary supplements as an effective improvement of Alzheimer's disease:focus on structures and mechanisms

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1787-1805页

作者： Sheng Li Yinling Wei Zhenzhen Liang Lingli Guo Xiaojiang Hao Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal *** are currently over 50 million AD patients *** neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying ***,early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology,providing strong support for the improvement of the disease *** search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements(DSs)has become a major hot *** with the widespread use of DSs,DSs containing polyphenols,alkaloids,terpenes,polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβdeposition,inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation,reconstructing synaptic dysfunction,weakening cholinesterase activity,regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,neuronal inflammation and *** review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents,as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to ***,we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment,aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.

关键词： Dietary supplements Bioactive ingredients Alzheimer’s disease Mechanism of action

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Signaling events during initiation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2014年第3期56卷 250-261页

作者： Alexa M.Schmitz Maria J.Harrison Boyce Thompson Institute for plant Research plant pathology and plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University

Under nutrient-limiting conditions, plants will enter into symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi for the enhancement of mineral nutrient acquisition from the surrounding soil. AM fungi live in close, intracellular association with plant roots where they transfer phosphate and nitrogen to the plant in exchange for carbon. They are obligate fungi, relying on their host as their only carbon source. Much has been discovered in the last decade concerning the signaling events during initiation of the AM symbiosis, including the identification of signaling molecules generated by both partners. This signaling occurs through symbiosis-specific gene products in the host plant, which are indispensable for normal AM development. At the same time, plants have adapted complex mechanisms for avoiding infection by pathogenic fungi, including an innate immune response to general microbial molecules, such as chitin present in fungal cell walls. How it is that AM fungal colonization is maintained without eliciting a defensive response from the host is still uncertain. In this review, we present a summary of the molecular signals and their elicited responses during initiation of the AM symbiosis, including plant immune responses and their suppression.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi chitin chitooligosaccharide cutin LysM MAMP-triggered immunity Myc-LCO Nod factor strigolactones symbiosis

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Nuclear Trafficking During plant Innate Immunity

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Molecular plant 2008年第3期1卷 411-422页

作者： Jun Liu Gitta Coaker Department of plant pathology The University of California Davis CA USA

Land plants possess innate immune systems that can control resistance against pathogen infection. Conceptually, there are two branches of the plant innate immune system. One branch recognizes conserved features of microbial pathogens, while a second branch specifically detects the presence of pathogen effector proteins by plant resistance （R） genes. Innate immunity controlled by plant R genes is called effector-triggered immunity. Although R genes can recognize all classes of plant pathogens, the majority can be grouped into one large family, encoding proteins with a nucleotide binding site and C-terminal leucine rich repeat domains. Despite the importance and number of R genes present in plants, we are just beginning to decipher the signaling events required to initiate defense responses. Recent exciting discoveries have implicated dynamic nuclear trafficking of plant R proteins to achieve effector-triggered immunity. Furthermore, there are several additional lines of evidence implicating nucleo-cyctoplasmic trafficking in plant disease resistance, as mutations in nucleoporins and importins can compromise resistance signaling. Taken together, these data illustrate the importance of nuclear trafficking in the manifestation of disease resistance mediated by R genes.

关键词： DISEASE-RESISTANCE GENES POWDERY MILDEW FUNGUS POTATO-VIRUS-X IMPORTIN-ALPHA DEFENSE RESPONSE EXPORT RECEPTOR PROTEIN-KINASES

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Comparative research of effective utilization and efficacy duration of phenamacrilon rice bakanae disease control by different seed treatment methods Department of plant pathology,China Agricultural University

Comparative research of effective utilization and efficacy d...

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中国植物病理学会2017年学术年会

作者： Liu Panqing Wang Mingqi Liu Pengfei Department of plant pathology China Agricultural University

Phenamacril is a domestically created new fungicide,which showed a good control effecton rice bakanae *** clarify the effective utilization and efficacy duration of phenamacril on rice bakanae disease control,the flowable concentrate for seed coating(FSC) and flowable concentrate for seed treatment(FS) of phenamacril were prepared and used by seed *** residue of phenamacril on seeds after soaking was studied by means of QuEChERS——High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The sample(3 g) was extracted with 1%acetic acid acetonitrile(3 mL),purified by graphite carbon black(GCB)(7.5 mg/mL).The solution was detected by HPLC with UV detection at290 *** linear regression formulations of phenamacril in seed and plant were y= 41.106 0 x-2.722 4(R=0.999 5) and y = 45.739 x-26.764(R=0.999 4) *** recoveries were ranged from 88%to 115%.The results showed that the method of quantitative determination was of a high accuracy and *** showed that there was no significant difference in pesticide utilization between seed soaking with water after coated with FSC and seed soaking with *** degradation dynamics study of phenamacril in rice plants used by seed coating was in conformity with the first-order dynamic *** decline coefficient was K = 0.085 5,T1/2 = *** and a residue of 2.78 mg/kg could be detected after 25 days of *** residue is quite more than the EC of phenamacril on Fusarium fujikuroi in vitrowhich shows the efficacy duration on rice bakanae disease can be more than 25 d in *** study may offer an effective reference for the research and development of phenamacril by seed coating.

关键词： Phenamacril Seed treatment QuEChERS HPLC

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Postulation of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Seven Chinese Spring Wheat Cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第9期12卷 1580-1588页

作者： SHI Li-hong ZHANG Na HU Ya-ya WEI Xue-jun YANG Wen-xiang LIU Da-qun Department of plant pathology College of Plant Protection/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of HebeiAgricultural University of Hebei

To detect the leaf rust resistance genes in the 7 Chinese spring wheat clultivars Shenmian 99025, Shenmia 99042, Shenmian 85, Shenmian 91, Shenmian 96, Shenmian 1167 and Shenmian 962, Thatcher, Thatcher backgrounded near-isogenic lines and 15 pathotypes of P. triticina were used for gene postulate at the seedling stage, and 9 of the 15 pathotypes were used in the field tests. Molecular markers closely linked to, or co-segregated with resistance genes Lrl, Lr9, LrlO, Lrl9, Lr20, Lr21, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28, Lr29, Lr32, Lr34, Lr35, Lr37, Lr38, and Lr47 were screened to assist detection of the resistance genes. As results, 4 known resistance genes, including Lrl, Lr9, Lr26, and Lr34, and other unknown resistance genes were postulated singly or in combination in the tested cultivars. Shenmian 85, Shenmian 91, Shenmian 96, Shenmian 962, Shenmian 1167, and Shenmian 99042 are potentially useful for wheat production and breeding programs. The result suggested that combining gene postulation, molecular markers and pedigrees is effective and more accuracy method to know the resistance genes in cultivars.

关键词： gene postulation molecular marker Triticum aestivum Puccinia triticina resistance gene

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Field evaluation of Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第6期16卷 1347-1357页

作者： JIN Na XUE Hui LI Wen-jing WANG Xue-yan LIU Qian LIU Shu-sen LIU Pei ZHAO Jian-lon JIAN Heng Department of plant pathology China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology Ministry of Agriculture Beijing 100193 P.R.China

Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47,isolated from eggs of Meloidogyne spp.,was evaluated as a potential biocontrol agent of Meloidogyne incognita under in vitro and protective *** observations showed that HDZ-9-47 parasitized eggs of *** within 7 *** vitro,the culture filtrate of HDZ-9-47 caused 97.0%mortality of second-stage juveniles（J2s）of *** and inhibited more than 50%egg *** the field,compared with the control,the rootknot index and J2s density in the treatment of drench the broth contained 1012 HDZ-9-47 spores were respectively reduced by 51.1 and 80.7%at 90 days post transplantation,which were better than that in other application doses and *** addition,reduction rates of root-knot index and J2s density of the treatment of combined application of HDZ-9-47 with biofumigation was 87.1 and 91.0%,respectively,better than either of HDZ-9-47 or biofumigation used alone or fosthiazate *** tomato yield also increased by 16.1%.Together,our results suggest that HDZ-9-47 could be an effective biocontrol agent of ***,and that application of HDZ-9-47 combined with cabbage residue biofumigation was a promising and sustainable option for *** control.

关键词： Meloidogyne incognita Streptomyces rubrogriseus biocontrol parasitism nematicidal metabolites control efficacy

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Parasitism and pathogenicity of Radopholus similis to Ipomoea aquatica, Basella rubra and Cucurbita moschata and genetic diversity of different populations

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第1期15卷 120-134页

作者： LI Yu WANG Ke XIE Hui XU Chun-ling WANG Dong-wei LI Jing HUANG Xin PENG Xiao-fang Laboratory of plant Nematology and Research Center of Nematodes of plant Quarantine Department of Plant Pathology South China Agricultural University

Ten populations of Radopholus similis from different ornamental hosts were tested for their parasitism and pathogenicity to water spinach （Ipomoea aquatic）, malabar spinach （Basella rubra）, and squash （Cucurbita moschata） in pots. The re- sults showed all three plants were new hosts of R. similis. Growth parameters of plants inoculated with nematodes were significantly lower than those of healthy control plants. All R. similis populations were pathogenic to the three plants, but pathogenicity differed among populations from different hosts. The same R. similis populations also showed different pathogenic effects in the three different plants. RadN5 population from Anthurium andraeanum had the highest pathoge- nicity to the three studied plants. RadN1 from A. andraeanum had the lowest pathogenicity to squash and RadN7 from Chrysalidocarpus lutesens had the lowest pathogenicity to water spinach and malabar spinach. R. similis is usually associated with root tissues, but here we report that it could be found to move and feed in the stem bases of all three studied plants. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of DNA markers of the 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, and mitochondrial DNA gene sequences of ten R. similis populations revealed significant genetic diversity. RadN5 and RadN6 populations from anthurium showed a close genetic relationship and could be distinguished from other populations by PCR-RFLP. At the same time, RadN5 and RadN6 populations were the most pathogenic to three studied plants. These results confirm the existence of large biological variability and molecular diversity among R. similis populations from the same or different hosts, and these characteristics are related to pathogenic variability.

关键词： burrowing nematode parasitism pathogenicity genetic diversity PCR-RFLP

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