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Dietary copper requirement of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age

Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 96-104页

作者： Ling Zhu Wei Wu Bingxin Wu Yun Hu Liyang Zhang Weiyun Zhang Tingting Li Xiaoyan Cui Feiyu Gao Ding Li Xugang Luo Shengchen Wang Poultry Mineral nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000China Mineral nutrition Research division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

This research was to assess the dietary copper(Cu)requirement of broiler chickens fed a practical cornsoybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age.A total of 288 numbered Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d of age were randomly allotted 6 treatments with 8 replicate cages(6 broilers per cage)per *** were fed a Cu-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control,containing 7.36 mg Cu/kg)or the basal diet added with 3,6,9,12,or 15 mg Cu/kg from CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O for 21 ***,asymptotic and broken-line models were fitted and the best fitted models were selected to determine dietary Cu *** results revealed that the contents of Cu in serum and liver,m RNA expression levels of Cu-and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOD)in liver and monoamine oxidase b(MAO B)in heart,as well as protein expression level of CuZnSOD in liver were affected(P<0.05)by supplemental Cu levels,and the above indices varied linearly and quadratically(P<0.05)with increasing Cu *** Cu requirements assessed according to the best fitted broken-line models(P<0.05)of the above indexes were 10.45—13.81 mg/*** was concluded that mRNA expression levels of CuZnSOD in liver and MAO B in heart,as well as liver CuZnSOD protein expression level were new specific sensitive biomarkers for estimating dietary Cu requirements,and the dietary Cu requirement was recommended to be 14 mg/kg to support Cu metabolic needs related to key Cucontaining enzymes in broilers fed the corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age,which was higher than the dietary Cu requirement(8 mg/kg)for broilers at the corresponding stage suggested by the Chinese Feeding Standard of Chicken.

关键词： Copper Copper content Gene expression of copper-containing enzyme Requirement Broiler

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Optimized NPK fertilizer recommendations based on topsoil available nutrient criteria for wheat in drylands of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2421-2433页

作者： Wenjie Yang Jie Yu Yanhang Li Bingli Jia Longgang Jiang Aijing Yuan Yue Ma Ming Huang Hanbing Cao Jinshan Liu Weihong Qiu Zhaohui Wang Key Laboratory of plant nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

The optimized management of crop fertilization is very important for improving crop yield and reducing the consumption of chemical *** nutrient values can be used for evaluating the nutritional status of a crop,and they reflect the nutrient concentrations above which the plant is sufficiently supplied for achieving the maximum potential *** on on-farm surveys of 504 farmers and 60 field experimental sites in the drylands of China,we proposed a recommended fertilization method to determine nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizer input rates for wheat production,and then validated the method by a field experiment at 66 different sites in northern *** results showed that wheat grain yield varied from 1.1 to 9.2 t ha^(-1),averaging 4.6 t ha^(-1),and it had a quadratic relationship with the topsoil(0-20 cm)nitrate N and soil available P contents at ***,yield was not correlated with the inputs of N,P,and K *** on the relationship(exponential decay model)between 95–105%of the relative yield and topsoil nitrate N,available P,and available K contents at wheat harvest from 60 field experiments,the topsoil critical nutrient values were determined as 34.6,15.6,and 150 mg kg^(-1)for soil nitrate N,available P,and available K,***,based on five groups of relative yield(>125%,115–125%,105–115%,95–105%,and<95%)and the model,the five groups of topsoil critical nutrient levels and fertilization coefficients(Fc)were ***,we proposed a new method for calculating the recommended fertilizer input rate as:Fr=Gy×Nr×Fc,where Fr is the recommended fertilizer(N/P/K)input rate;Gy is the potential grain yield;Nr is the N(N_(rN)),P(N_(rP)),and K(N_(rK))nutrient requirements for wheat to produce 1,000 kg of grain;and Fc is a coefficient for N(N_c)/P(P_c)/K(K_c)fertilizer.A 2-year validated experiment confirmed that the new method reduced N fertilizer input by 17.5%(38.5 kg N ha^(-1))and P fertilizer i

关键词： fertilization method dryland wheat soil nutrient critical value soil nitrogen topsoil nutrients

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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on zinc uptake,translocation and accumulation in winter wheat during whole plant growth stages

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 374-384页

作者： Jing YANG Chuangye ZHANG Yifan LIU Yuanzhe MA Xiangyao WU Jun CAI Fuyong WU College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of plant nutrition and Agricultural Environment of Northwest of Ministry of Agriculture Yangling 712100China

Although arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)could play important roles in zinc(Zn)uptake in host plants,the effects of AMF on Zn uptake and transport in winter wheat during the whole growth stages remain unclear.A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Funneliformis mosseae(Fm)and Claroideoglomus etunicatum(Ce)on Zn absorption,transport,and accumulation in winter wheat growing in soils spiked with different Zn levels(0,2.5,and 25 mg kg^(-1)).The results showed that there was a significant correlation between mycorrhizal colonization rate and Zn absorption efficiency in winter wheat roots during the post-anthesis period,but there was no significant correlation during the pre-anthesis *** mycorrhizal fungi significantly increased Zn concentrations(0.56–1.58 times)in wheat grains under 0 mg kg^(-1)Zn level,but decreased Zn concentrations in wheat grains under 25 mg kg^(-1)Zn ***,at the filling and maturity stages,AMF increased Zn absorption rate and the contribution of root Zn uptake to grain Zn by 3–14 and 0.36–0.64 times,respectively,under 0 mg kg^(-1)Zn level and 0.21–1.02 and 0.27–0.37 times,respectively,under 2.5 mg kg^(-1)Zn ***,AMF decreased root Zn absorption rate(0.32–0.61 times)and increased the contribution of Zn remobilization in vegetative tissues to grain Zn(1.69–2.01 times)under 25 mg kg^(-1)Zn *** study would complement the mechanisms and effects of AMF on Zn absorption and transport in winter wheat and provide a potential method for the application of AMF to enrich wheat grain Zn.

关键词： grain Zn source mycorrhizal response post-anthesis period Zn absorption rate Zn remobilization

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The chemical characteristics of different sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate sources and their relative bioavailabilities for broilers fed with a conventional corn‑soybean meal diet

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 826-843页

作者： Shengchen Wang Bingxin Wu Ling Zhu Weiyun Zhang Liyang Zhang We Wu Jiaqi Wu Yun Hu Tingting Li Xiaoyan Cui Xugang Luo College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000People’s Republic of China Mineral nutrition Research division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Background Our previous studies demonstrated that divalent organic iron(Fe)proteinate sources with higher complexation or chelation strengths as expressed by the greater quotient of formation(Qf)values displayed higher Fe bioavailabilities for *** iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate(NaFeEDTA)is a trivalent organic Fe source with the strongest chelating ligand ***,the bioavailability of Fe when administered as NaFeEDTA in broilers and other agricultural animals remains ***,the chemical characteristics of 12 NaFeEDTA products were *** these,one feed grade NaFeEDTA(Qf=2.07×10^(8)),one food grade NaFeEDTA(Qf=3.31×10^(8)),and one Fe proteinate with an extremely strong chelation strength(Fe-Prot ES,Qf value=8,590)were *** bioavailabilities relative to Fe sulfate(FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)for broilers fed with a conventional corn-soybean meal diet were evaluated during d 1 to 21 by investigating the effects of the above Fe sources and added Fe levels on the growth performance,hematological indices,Fe contents,activities and gene expressions of Fe-containing enzymes in various tissues of *** NaFeEDTA sources varied greatly in their chemical *** Fe concentration(PI),transferrin saturation(TS),liver Fe content,succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)activities in liver,heart,and kidney,catalase(CAT)activity in liver,and SDH mRNA expressions in liver and kidney increased linearly(P<0.05)with increasing levels of Fe ***,differences among Fe sources were detected(P<0.05)only for PI,liver Fe content,CAT activity in liver,SDH activities in heart and kidney,and SDH mRNA expressions in liver and *** on slope ratios from multiple linear regressions of the above indices on daily dietary analyzed Fe intake,the average bioavailabilities of Fe-Prot ES,feed grade NaFeEDTA,and food grade NaFeEDTA relative to the inorganic FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O(100%)for broilers were 139%,155%,and 166%,***

关键词： Broilers Chelation strengths Fe-containing enzymes NaFeEDTA Relative bioavailabilities

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Straw return decreases polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) accumulation in winter wheat and human health risk by enhancing PAH dissipation in rhizosphere soil

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 699-708页

作者： Jun CAI He ZHANG Xiangyao WU Yifan LIU Yunmei WU Jinfeng WANG Chuangye ZHANG Benhua SUN Fuyong WU College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of plant nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture

Straw return in situ, a common agronomic measure in China, has been widely used not only to increase crop yields and improve soil nutrients but also to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) from agricultural soils. Nevertheless, the safety risks of food crops(i.e., human health risk of wheat grains) grown in PAHs-contaminated agricultural soils amended with crop straw remain uncertain. A pot experiment was conducted in a PAHs-contaminated agricultural soil cultivated with winter wheat under different ratios of corn straw addition(0%(control, CK), 1%, 2.5%, and 5%, weight/weight). Results showed that corn straw addition significantly(P < 0.05) decreased PAH concentrations in rhizosphere soil, roots, straws, and grains by 48.32%–50.01%,11.85%–42.67%, 9.78%–28.03%, and 14.16%–31.67%, respectively, compared with CK, whereas the transfer factors of PAHs from roots to straws were significantly(P < 0.05) increased. A correlation heatmap showed that PAH concentrations in roots, straws, and grains were positively(P < 0.01) correlated with those in rhizosphere soil. These indicated that corn straw decreased PAH accumulation in winter wheat due to the increase of PAH dissipation in the rhizosphere soil, although it enhanced PAH transfer in winter wheat. The incremental lifetime cancer risk(ILCR) model indicated that corn straw significantly(P < 0.05) decreased the human health risk of winter wheat grains by 29.73%–45.05%. Overall, corn straw apparently reduced PAH accumulation in winter wheat, ecological risk, and human health risk via enhancing PAH dissipation in the rhizosphere soil. These findings provide an important scientific basis and theoretical guidance for agricultural safety production.

关键词： corn straw addition ecological risk food crops incremental lifetime cancer risk transfer factor

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Exploiting open source omics data to advance pancreas research

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胰腺病学杂志(英文) 2024年第1期7卷 21-27页

作者： Swaminathan Gayathri Saito Toshie Husain Sohail Z. division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA

The "omics" revolution has transformed the biomedical research landscape by equipping scientists with the ability to interrogate complex biological phenomenon and disease processes at an unprecedented level. The volume of "big" data generated by the different omics studies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has led to the concurrent development of computational tools to enable in silico analysis and aid data deconvolution. Considering the intensive resources and high costs required to generate and analyze big data, there has been centralized, collaborative efforts to make the data and analysis tools freely available as "Open Source," to benefit the wider research community. Pancreatology research studies have contributed to this "big data rush" and have additionally benefitted from utilizing the open source data as evidenced by the increasing number of new research findings and publications that stem from such data. In this review, we briefly introduce the evolution of open source omics data, data types, the "FAIR" guiding principles for data management and reuse, and centralized platforms that enable free and fair data accessibility, availability, and provide tools for omics data analysis. We illustrate, through the case study of our own experience in mining pancreatitis omics data, the power of repurposing open source data to answer translationally relevant questions in pancreas research.

关键词： Gene expression Omics Open source data Pancreatitis

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MicroRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment:Charting the path forward

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1470-1474页

作者： Hong T Lin Antonio F Alvarez Castaneda Somashekar G Krishna Khalid Mumtaz division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are recognized for their involvement in the regulation of gene expression and exhibit significant potential in both the prognostic assessment and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC,like other tumors,seldom occurs in isolation;instead,it evolves within a microenvironment featuring oncogenic and tumor-suppressive *** combined with suitable delivery vehicles,miRNA technology provides the capability to directly engage with these elements,thereby hindering tumor formation and *** research in this domain holds the promise of enabling a more efficacious and multi-modal treatment approach for HCC in the near future.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor microenvironment MicroRNA Mesenchymal stem cell Exosome

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Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites, retrotransposons, and R-loop formation

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu Shulan Fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang Xianrui Guo Kaibiao Zhang Qian Liu James A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for plant Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University division of Biological Science University of Missouri

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle attachments. Despite their conserved functionality, centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution, presenting diverse sizes and compositions across species. The functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences, particularly in centromere identity, remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye centromeres. Our findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs) and interspersed minisatellites. We systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories, highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1, CRS2, and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale) were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 nucleosomes. The minisatellites, mainly derived from retrotransposons, along with CRSs, played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in rye. Additionally, we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1, CRS2, and CRS3, with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in R-loops. Notably, these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres, suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere specification. Our work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition, distribution, and potential function of R-loops in rye centromeres. This knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres, offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

关键词： centromere LTR-RTs minisatellite rye R-loop

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Nomograms and prognosis for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1291-1294页

作者： Hong Tao Lin Ahmed Abdelbaki Somashekar G Krishna Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

In recent years,endoscopic resection,particularly endoscopic submucosal dis-section,has become increasingly popular in treating non-metastatic superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).In this evolving paradigm,it is crucial to identify factors that predict higher rates of lymphatic invasion and poorer *** tumor size,deeper invasion,poorer differentiation,more infiltrative growth patterns(INF-c),higher-grade tumor budding,positive lymphovascular invasion,and certain biomarkers have been associated with lymph node metastasis and increased morbidity through retrospective reviews,leading to the construction of comprehensive nomograms for outcome *** validated by future prospective studies,these nomograms would prove highly applicable in guiding the selection of treatment for superficial ESCC.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophageal resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Lymph node metastasis

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Sporophytic control of tapetal development and pollen fertility by a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in rice

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1500-1516页

作者： Jianguo Zeng Manman Duan Yiqing Wang Guangtao Li Yujing You Jie Shi Changhao Liu Jinyang Zhang Juan Xu Shuqun Zhang Jing Zhao Department of plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory of plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China division of Biochemistry University of MissouriColumbia65211MOUSA

Tapetum,the innermost layer of the anther wall,provides essential nutrients and materials for pollen *** degradation of anther tapetal cells is a prerequisite for normal pollen development in flowering *** cells facilitate male gametogenesis by providing cellular contents after highly coordinated programmed cell death(PCD).Tapetal development is regulated by a transcriptional ***,the signaling pathway(s)involved in this process are poorly *** this study,we report that a mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascade composed of OsYDA1/OsYDA2-OsMKK4-OsMPK6 plays an important role in tapetal development and male gametophyte *** of function of this MAPK cascade leads to anther indehiscence,enlarged tapetum,and aborted pollen *** cells in osmkk4 and osmpk6 mutants exhibit an increased presence of lipid body-like structures within the cytoplasm,which is accompanied by a delayed occurrence of *** of a constitutively active version of OsMPK6(CA-OsMPK6)can rescue the pollen defects in osmkk4 mutants,confirming that OsMPK6 functions downstream of OsMKK4 in this *** crosses also demonstrated that the MAPK cascade sporophyticly regulates pollen *** study reveals a novel function of rice MAPK cascade in plant male reproductive biology.

关键词： degradation MAPK cascade pollen fertility rice tapetum

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