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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer Deborah Rjkers H.J.van der Fels-Klerx Joop J.A.van Loon wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(<2%),but ranged from 8%to 75%for *** to very low limits in insect biomass(~0.01 mg/kg),high transfer may result in *** is recommended that rearing companies implement lower contractual thresholds,and that policymakers consider adjusting legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

Rice gene OsUGT75A regulates seedling emergence under deep-sowing conditions

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 133-141页

作者： Jia Zhao Siyu Liu Xiaoqian Zhao Zhibo Huang Shan Sun Zixuan Zeng Yongqi He Zhoufei Wang The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingNational Engineering Research Center of Plant Space BreedingSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina

Poor seedling emergence is a challenge for direct seeding of rice under deep-sowing field *** we reveal that UDP-glucosyltransferase OsUGT75A promotes rice seedling emergence under deepsowing conditions by increasing shoot *** of OsUGT75A was higher in the middle regions of the shoot and in shoots under deep-sowing *** of free abscisic acid(ABA)and jasmonates(JA)were higher in shoots of OsUGT75A mutants than in those of wild-type plants,and OsUGT75A mutants were more sensitive to ABA and JA *** shoot length was attributed to higher ABA INSENSITIVE 3(OsABI3)expression and lower JASMONATE-ZIM domain protein(OsJAZ)expression in *** extension by OsUGT75A is achieved mainly by promotion of cell *** elite haplotype of OsUGT75A associated with increased shoot length was identified among indica rice ***75A acts to increase seedling emergence under deep-sowing conditions.

关键词： Abscisic acid Deep-sowing Jasmonic acid Rice Shoot length

Gene expression,transcription factor binding and histone modification predict leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity related genes

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Horticultural plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 971-982页

作者： Wei Sun Zhicheng Zhang Guusje Bonnema Xiaowu Wang Aalt Dirk Jan van Dijk State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Vegetable Genomics Beijing 100081China Bioinformatics Group Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands plant breeding Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Biosystems Data Analysis Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GE Amsterdamthe Netherlands

Leaf adaxial-abaxial(ad-abaxial)polarity is crucial for leaf morphology and function,but the genetic machinery governing this process remains *** uncover critical genes involved in leaf ad-abaxial patterning,we applied a combination of in silico prediction using machine learning(ML)and experimental analysis.A Random Forest model was trained using genes known to influence ad-abaxial polarity as ground *** expression data from various tissues and conditions as well as promoter regulation data derived from transcription factor chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)was used as input,enabling the prediction of novel ad-abaxial polarity-related genes and additional transcription *** to this,available and newly-obtained transcriptome data enabled us to identify genes differentially expressed across leaf ad-abaxial *** on these analyses,we obtained a set of 111 novel genes which are involved in leaf ad-abaxial *** explore implications for vegetable crop breeding,we examined the conservation of expression patterns between Arabidopsis and Brassica rapa using single-cell *** results demonstrated the utility of our computational approach for predicting candidate genes in crop *** findings expand the understanding of the genetic networks governing leaf ad-abaxial differentiation in agriculturally important vegetables,enhancing comprehension of natural variation impacting leaf morphology and development,with demonstrable breeding applications.

关键词： Machine learning Leaf polarity Arabidopsis thaliana Brassica rapa Transcription factor

Genome-wide identification,characterization and functional prediction of the SRS gene family in sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 69-80页

作者： Farjana Afroz Susmi Tasmina Islam Simi Md Nahid Hasan Md Abdur Rahim Department of Genetics and plant breeding Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh

Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient oilseed crop of the Pedaliaceae family with high oil content and potential health *** RELATED SEQUENCE(SRS)proteins are the transcription factors(TFs)specific to plants that contain RING-like zinc finger domain and are associated with the regulation of several physiological and biochemical *** also play vital roles in plant growth and development such as root formation,leaf development,floral development,hormone biosynthesis,signal transduction,and biotic and abiotic stress ***,the SRS gene family was not reported in sesame *** this study,identification,molecular characterization,phylogenetic relationship,cis-acting regulatory elements,protein-protein interaction,syntenic relationship,duplication events and expression pattern of SRS genes were analyzed in *** identified total six SiSRS genes on seven different linkage groups in the *** genome by comparing with the other species,including the model plant Arabidopsis *** SiSRS genes showed variation in their structure like2–5 exons and 1–4 *** other species,SiSRS proteins also contained‘RING-like zinc finger'and‘LRP1'***,the SiSRS genes were clustered into subclasses via phylogenetic analysis with proteins of ***,***,and some other plant *** cis-acting regulatory elements analysis revealed that the promoter region of SiSRS4(SIN_1011561)showed the highest 13 and 16 elements for light-and phytohormone-responses whereas,SiSRS1(SIN_1015187)showed the highest 15 elements for *** ABREs,or ABA-responsive elements,were found in a maximum of 8 copies in the SiSRS3(SIN 1009100).Moreover,the available RNA-seq based expression of SiSRS genes revealed variation in expression patterns between stress-treated and non-treated samples,especially in drought and salinity conditions *** SiSRS genes like SiSRS1(SIN_1015187)and SiSRS5(SIN_1021065),also exhibited variabl

关键词： SiSRS gene family SHI Transcription factor Characterization Sesamum indicum

Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang Zhou Paul CStruik Junfei Gu Peter E.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang Jianchang Yang Xinyou Yin Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands College of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop *** study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrogen(N)accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants(greener or yellower)were analyzed,using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during grain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal *** was associated with greater post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-N duration,and this greater post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake.A density experiment showed that current management practices(insufficient planting density accompanied by abundant N application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype,ultimately limiting its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake,as well as N translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity,adjustments of crop management practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrogen Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites, retrotransposons, and R-loop formation

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu Shulan Fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang Xianrui Guo Kaibiao Zhang Qian Liu James A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for plant Genetics and breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Division of Biological Science University of Missouri

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle attachments. Despite their conserved functionality, centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution, presenting diverse sizes and compositions across species. The functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences, particularly in centromere identity, remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye centromeres. Our findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs) and interspersed minisatellites. We systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories, highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1, CRS2, and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale) were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 nucleosomes. The minisatellites, mainly derived from retrotransposons, along with CRSs, played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in rye. Additionally, we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1, CRS2, and CRS3, with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in R-loops. Notably, these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres, suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere specification. Our work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition, distribution, and potential function of R-loops in rye centromeres. This knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres, offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

关键词： centromere LTR-RTs minisatellite rye R-loop

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Structural insights into the Oryza sativa cation transporters HKTs in salt tolerance

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 700-708页

作者： Ran Gao Yutian Jia Xia Xu Peng Fu Jiaqi Zhou Guanghui Yang State Key Laboratory of plant Environmental Resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The high-affinity potassium transporters(HKTs),selectively permeable to either Na^(+)alone or Na^(+)/K^(+),play pivotal roles in maintaining plant Na^(+)/K^(+)*** their involvement in salt tolerance is widely reported,the molecular underpinnings of Oryza sativa HKTs remain *** this study,we elucidate the structures of OsHKT1;1 and OsHKT2;1,representing two distinct classes of rice *** dimeric assembled OsHKTs can be structurally divided into four *** the dimer interface,a half-helix or a loop in the third domain is coordinated by the C-terminal region of the opposite ***,we present the structures of OsHKT1;5 salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive variants,a key quantitative trait locus associated with salt *** salt-tolerant variant of OsHKT1;5 exhibits enhanced Na^(+)transport capability and displays a more flexible *** findings shed light on the molecular basis of rice HKTs and provide insights into their role in salt tolerance.

关键词： HKT salt-tolerant structure

Distant cousins come to ABP1’s rescue

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 219-220页

作者： Andre Kuhn Dolf Weijers Laboratory of Biochemistry Wageningen UniversityStippeneng 46708WE Wageningenthe Netherlands

There are few plant processes that are not in one way or another influenced by the auxin signaling *** many roles auxin plays in plants have inspired a range of investigations towards understanding its mechanisms of *** recent years and decades,genetic analysis in the flowering plant Arabidopsis has been immensely successful in bringing a nuclear response mechanism to light(reviewed in Weijers and Wagner,2016).This system,the nuclear auxin pathway(NAP),acts by regulating gene expression,and when its components are mutated,growth and development is strongly disturbed(Weijers and Wagner,2016).

关键词： bringing disturbed Arabidopsis

Rice Heat Tolerance breeding: A Comprehensive Review and Forward Gaze

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 375-400,I0022页

作者： Ravindran Lalithambika VISAKH Sreekumar ANAND Sukumaran Nair ARYA Behera SASMITA Uday Chand JHA Rameswar Prasad SAH Radha BEENA Department of Genetics and plant breeding College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India Crop Improvement Division Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Rice Research InstituteCuttackOdisha 7530006India Department of plant breeding and Genetics Indian Institute of Pulse ResearchKanpur 208024India Department of plant Physiology College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India

The yield potential of rice is seriously affected by heat stress due to climate change. Since rice is a staple food globally, it is imperative to develop heat-resistant rice varieties. Thus, a thorough understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance and the impact of high temperatures on various critical stages of the crop is needed. Adoption of both conventional and innovative breeding strategies offers a long-term advantage over other methods, such as agronomic practices, to counter heat stress. In this review, we summarize the effects of heat stress, regulatory pathways for heat tolerance, phenotyping strategies, and various breeding methods available for developing heat-tolerant rice. We offer perspectives and knowledge to guide future research endeavors aimed at enhancing the ability of rice to withstand heat stress and ultimately benefit humanity.

关键词： genetic mechanism high-temperature stress molecular breeding genomics selection