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The gene encoding flavonol synthase contributes to lesion mimic in wheat

The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 814-825页

作者： Tingting Dong Hongchun Xiong Huijun Guo Yongdun Xie Linshu Zhao Jiayu Gu Huiyuan Li Shirong Zhao Yuping Ding Xiyun Song Luxiang Liu College of Life Sciences Key Laboratory of Major Crop Germplasm Innovation and Application in QingdaoQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and breeding/National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular breeding/CAEA Research and Development Centre on Nuclear Technology Applications for Irradiation Mutation breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Lesion mimic often exhibits leaf disease-like symptoms even in the absence of pathogen infection,and is characterized by a hypersensitive-response(HR)that closely linked to plant disease *** this,only a few lesion mimic genes have been identified in *** this investigation,a lesion mimic wheat mutant named je0297 was discovered,showing no alteration in yield components when compared to the wild type(WT).Segregation ratio analysis of the F_(2)individuals resulting from the cross between the WT and the mutant revealed that the lesion mimic was governed by a single recessive gene in *** Bulked segregant analysis(BSA)and exome capture sequencing,we mapped the lesion mimic gene designated as lm6 to chromosome *** gene fine mapping using 3315 F_(2)individuals delimited the lm6 within a 1.18 Mb *** this region,we identified 16 high-confidence genes,with only two displaying mutations in ***,one of the two genes,responsible for encoding flavonol synthase,exhibited altered expression *** phenotype analysis of TILLING mutants confirmed that the gene encoding flavonol synthase was indeed the causal gene for *** sequencing analysis revealed that the DEGs between the WT and mutant were significantly enriched in KEGG pathways related to flavonoid biosynthesis,including flavone and flavonol biosynthesis,isoflavonoid biosynthesis,and flavonoid biosynthesis ***,more than 30 pathogen infection-related(PR)genes exhibited upregulation in the *** to this expression pattern,the flavonoid content in je0297 showed a significant decrease in the 4^(th)leaf,accompanied by a notable accumulation of reactive oxygen,which likely contributed to the development of lesion mimic in the *** investigation enhances our comprehension of cell death signaling pathways and provides a valuable gene resource for the breeding of disease-resistant wheat.

关键词： Lesion mimic mutant Wheat Gene mapping Flavonol synthase gene Flavonoid

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The RNA binding protein EHD6 recruits the m^(6)A reader YTH07 and sequesters OsCOL4 mRNA into phase-separated ribonucleoprotein condensates to promote rice flowering

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Molecular plant 2024年第6期17卷 935-954页

作者： Song Cui Peizhe Song Chaolong Wang Saihua Chen Benyuan Hao Zhuang Xu Liang Cai Xu Chen Shanshan Zhu Xiangchao Gan Hui Dong Yuan Hu Liang Zhou Haigang Hou Yunlu Tian Xi Liu Liangming Chen Shijia Liu Ling Jiang Haiyang Wang Guifang Jia Shirong Zhou Jianmin Wan State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Zhongshan Biological Breeding LaboratoryNational Observation and Research Station of Rice Germplasm ResourcesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory for Crop Gene Resources and breeding Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesBeijing Advanced Center of RNA BiologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular breeding Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Max Planck institute for plant breeding Research Carl-von-Linne´-Weg 1050829 KolnGermany

N6-Methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is one of the most abundant modifications of eukaryotic mRNA,but its comprehensive biological functionality remains further *** this study,we identified and characterized a new flowering-promoting gene,EARLY HEADING DATE6(EHD6),in ***6 encodes an RNA recognition motif(RRM)-containing RNA binding protein that is localized in the non-membranous cytoplasm ribonucleoprotein(RNP)granules and can bind both m^(6)A-modified RNA and unmodified RNA *** found that EHD6 can physically interact with YTH07,a YTH(YT521-B homology)domain-containing m^(6)A *** showed that their interaction enhances the binding of an m^(6)A-modified RNA and triggers relocation of a portion of YTH07 from the cytoplasm into RNP granules through phase-separated *** these condensates,the mRNA of a rice flowering repressor,CONSTANS-like 4(OsCOL4),becomes sequestered,leading to a reduction in its protein abundance and thus accelerated flowering through the Early heading date 1 *** together,these results not only shed new light on the molecular mechanism of efficient m^(6)A recognition by the collaboration between an RNA binding protein and YTH family m^(6)A reader,but also uncover the potential for m^(6)A-mediated translation regulation through phaseseparated ribonucleoprotein condensation in rice.

关键词： N6-methyladenosine m^(6)A EHD6 YTH domain-containing protein phase separation heading date

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How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 394-423页

作者： Bo Yu Dai-Yin Chao Yang Zhao Shanghai Center for plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of plant Carbon Capture The Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land *** sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water *** have studied how plants sense drought stress,or osmotic stress caused by drought,ever since Charles Darwin,and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in *** stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level,including changes in turgor,cell wall stiffness and integrity,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume,and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream *** this review,we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms,compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms,prospected how plants sense changes in turgor,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants,animals,yeasts,and bacteria,summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs,such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation,membrane water permeability,root hydrotropism,root halotropism,Casparian strip and suberin lamellae,and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple *** also discussed the core scientific questions,provided perspective about the future directions in this field,and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.

关键词： cell volume drought membrane tension osmotic stress turgor

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Experimental study on influence of blade angle and particle size on particle mechanics on a batch-operated single floor of a multiple hearth furnace

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 224-240页

作者： Max Kriegeskorte Nikoline Hilse Phil Spatz Viktor Scherer institute for Energy plant Technology(LEAT) Ruhr University BochumUniversitätsstraβe 15044780 BochumGermany

In industry,multiple hearth furnaces are used for the thermal treatment of particulate *** current contribution concentrates on the experimental analysis of particle mechanics for a batch-operated single floor of a multiple hearth *** particles are agitated on the circular floor by a single,rotating rabble arm equipped with three flat rabble blades of 10 mm *** blade angle,defined as the angle,which the blade is inclined against the tangential direction,is varied from 0°to 90°.A single layer of spherical polyoxymethylene(POM)particles with three different diameters(5,10 and 20 mm)is placed on the *** analyze the results,two parameters have been extracted from image analysis when the bed of particles is agitated,first,the area not covered by particles and second,the frequency distribution of the mean distance among the *** particle free surface area increases with the inclination of the *** evolution of the particle free surface area differs for the different particle *** general,the maximum particle free area for all blade angles is the largest for the 5 mm particles followed by the 20 mm *** the 10 mm particles,the particle free surface area starts for a blade angle of 0°at larger values than for the 20 mm particles but the values fall below the values for the 20 mm particles for larger blade *** reason for this behavior is discussed in *** mean distance among the particles is a parameter characterizing the length scales dominating the effects on the *** frequency distribution of the mean distance among particles provides infor-mation about the morphology of the particle bulk,for example,whether the free surface area is inter-spersed with particles.

关键词： Hearth furnace floor Particle movement Spherical particles Particle free surface area Mean distance among particles

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Low temperature-mediated repression and far-red light-mediated induction determine morning FLOWERING LOCUS T expression levels

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 103-120页

作者： Hayeon Kim Hye Won Kang Dae Yeon Hwang Nayoung Lee Akane Kubota Takato Imaizumi Young Hun Song Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Biology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Korea plant Genomics and breeding institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkomaNara 630‐0192Japan Department of Biology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA institute of Agricultural Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In order to flower in the appropriate season,plants monitor light and temperature changes and alter downstream pathways that regulate florigen genes such as Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT).In Arabidopsis,FT messenger RNA levels peak in the morning and evening under natural long-day conditions(LDs).However,the regulatory mechanisms governing morning FT induction remain poorly *** morning FT peak is absent in typical laboratory LDs characterized by high red:far-red light(R:FR)ratios and constant ***,we demonstrate that ZEITLUPE(ZTL)interacts with the FT repressors TARGET OF EATs(TOEs),thereby repressing morning FT expression in natural *** LDs with simulated sunlight(R:FR=1.0)and daily temperature cycles,which are natural LD-mimicking environmental conditions,FT transcript levels in the ztl mutant were high specifically in the morning,a pattern that was mirrored in the toe1 toe2 double *** night-to-morning temperatures increased the inhibitory effect of ZTL on morning FT expression by increasing ZTL protein levels early in the ***-red light counteracted ZTL activity by decreasing its abundance(possibly via phytochrome A(phyA))while increasing GIGANTEA(GI)levels and negatively affecting the formation of the ZTL-GI complex in the ***,the phyA-mediated high-irradiance response and GI play pivotal roles in morning FT *** findings suggest that the delicate balance between low temperature-mediated ZTL activity and the far-red light-mediated functions of phyA and GI offers plants flexibility in fine-tuning their flowering time by controlling FT expression in the morning.

关键词： far-red light FLOWERING LOCUS T flowering time GIGANTEA low night-to-morning temperature natural long days phytochrome A red to far-red ratio ZEITLUPE

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Cold storage alters the fat-trehalose trade-off,decreases the flight ability,and maintains the high survival rate and flight speed of Osmia excavata(Hymenoptera:Megachilidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 927-936页

作者： Yingying Song Li Liu Fang Ouyang Hongying Cui Wenxiu Guo Suhong Lv Baohua Ye Lili Li Yi Yu Xingyuan Men institute of plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina College of plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityJinanChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina

Osmia solitary bees are important pollinators of various crops *** has been widely used to synchronize the emergence time of Osmia species from cocoons with the blooming time of different crops,but the fitness of Osmia after refrigeration remains ***,the effects of long-term refrigeration at 0℃on the vitality,flight ability,and metabolism of Osmia excavata,which is known as the"king of pollination"in China,were *** survival rate(>90%before 120 d),weight loss rate(<15%after 170 d),and mean flight speed of *** were not greatly affected after long-term *** content of fats,which have antifreeze and energy storage properties,was not significantly altered in *** before 130 d of refrigeration,which might explain why the survival rates and flight speed of *** remained high after long-term ***,the flight duration and distance decreased significantly(P<0.05),and both were positively correlated with the reduced trehalose levels in ***(r=[+0.69]-[+0.71];P<0.05).Overall,these findings indicate that the pollination potential of *** for various crops with different flowering periods is high after long-term refrigeration;however,long-term refrigeration may decrease pollination *** findings highlight new research directions that could improve the ecological service function of refrigerated ***.

关键词： ecological service value flight ability Osmia pollination efficiency refrigeration vitality

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Rice melatonin deficiency causes premature leaf senescence via DNA methylation regulation

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 721-731页

作者： Yue Lu Ahmed Gharib Rujia Chen Hanyao Wang Tianyun Tao Zhihao Zuo Qing Bu Yanze Su Yaoqing Li Yanmo Luo Hamdi F.El-Mowafi Zhichao Wang Qianfeng Huang Shuting Wang Yang Xu Pengcheng Li Chenwu Xu Zefeng Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular breeding/Zhongshan Biological breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Agriculture College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and PhysiologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina National institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences(NILES) Cairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt Rice Research Department Field Crops Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterSakhaKafr El-Sheikh 33717Egypt

In a study of DNA methylation changes in melatonin-deficient rice mutants,mutant plants showed premature leaf senescence during grain-filling and reduced grain *** deficiency led to transcriptional reprogramming,especially of genes involved in chlorophyll and carbon metabolism,redox regulation,and transcriptional regulation,during dark-induced leaf *** of mCG and mCHG in the melatonin-deficient rice mutants was associated with the expression change of both protein-coding genes and transposable element-related *** in gene expression and DNA methylation in the melatonin-deficient mutants were compensated by exogenous application of melatonin.A decreased S-adenosyl-L-methionine level may have contributed to the DNA methylation variations in rice mutants of melatonin deficiency under dark conditions.

关键词： Melatonin Premature leaf senescence Rice DNA methylation Epigenetic regulation

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Expansion and improvement of ChinaMu by MuT-seq and chromosome-level assembly of the Mu-starter genome

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 645-659页

作者： Lei Liang Yuancong Wang Yanbin Han Yicong Chen Mengfei Li Yibo Wu Zeyang Ma Han Zhao Rentao Song State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingJoint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular BreedingNational Maize Improvement CenterCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100091China institute of Crop Germplasm and Biotechnology Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Sanya institute of China Agricultural University Sanya 572025China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

ChinaMu is the largest sequence-indexed Mutator(Mu)transposon insertional library in maize(Zea mays).In this study,we made significant improvements to the size and quality of the ChinaMu *** developed a new Mu-tag isolation method Mu-Tn5-seq(MuT-seq).Compared to the previous method used by ChinaMu,MuT-seq recovered 1/3 more germinal insertions,while requiring only about 1/14 of the sequencing volume and 1/5 of the experimental *** MuT-seq,we identified 113,879 germinal insertions from 3,168 Mu-active F1 *** also assembled a high-quality genome for the Mu-active line Mu-starter,which harbors the initial active MuDR element and was used as the pollen donor for the mutation *** the Mu-starter genome,we recovered 33,662(15.6%)additional germinal insertions in 3,244(7.4%)genes in the Mu-starter *** Mu-starter genome also improved the assignment of 117,689(54.5%)germinal *** newly upgraded ChinaMu dataset currently contains 215,889 high-quality germinal *** insertions cover 32,224 pan-genes in the Mu-starter and B73Ref5 genomes,including 23,006(80.4%)core genes shared by the two *** a test model,we investigated Mu insertions in the pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR)superfamily,discovering insertions for 92%(449/487)of PPR genes in ChinaMu,demonstrating the usefulness of ChinaMu as a functional genomics resource for maize.

关键词： ChinaMu Mutator MuT-seq PPR gene Zea mays

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n-octyl acrylate is a candidate sex pheromone component involved in courtship in parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1200-1210页

作者： Yu-Xiao Tao Shuang Shan Youssef Dewer Shan-Ning Wang Adel Khashaveh Rui-Jun Li Yong-Jun Zhang State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina College of plant Protection Agricultural University of HebeiBaodingHebei ProvinceChina Bioassay Research Department Central Agricultural Pesticide LaboratorySabahia Plant Protection Research StationAgricultural Research CenterAlexandriaEgypt Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China Institute of Plant ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijingChina

Sex pheromones are considered to play critical roles in partner communication of most parasitic ***,the identification of sex pheromone components remains limited to a few families of parasitoid *** this study,we functionally characterized a candidate sex pheromone component in Microplitis mediator(Hymenoptera:Braconidae),a solitary parasitoid of Noctuidae *** found that the body surface extract from female wasps could significantly stimulate courtship behavior of *** chromatography-electroantennographic detection(GC-EAD)analysis revealed that a candidate semiochemical from extract triggered significant electrophysiological response of antennae of *** performing gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS)measurement,GC-EAD active compound was identified as n-octyl acrylate,a candidate sex pheromone component in female *** electroantennogram(EAG)tests,antennae of male wasps showed significantly higher electrophysiological responses to n-octyl acrylate than those of females.Y-tube olfactometer assays indicated that male wasps significantly chose n-octyl acrylate compared with the ***,male wasps showed a remarkable preference for n-octyl acrylate in a simulated field condition behavioral trial;simultaneously,n-octyl acrylate standard could also trigger significant courtship behavior in *** propose that n-octyl acrylate,as a candidate vital sex pheromone component,could be utilized to design behavioral regulators of *** to implement the protection and utilization of natural enemies.

关键词： behavioral assay courtship behavior GC-EAD analysis Microplitis mediator sex pheromone

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Synergistic effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria javanica and low doses of dinotefuran on the efficient control of the rice pest Sogatella furcifera

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 621-638页

作者： Tingting Zhou Qian Zhao Chengzhou Li Lu Ye Yanfang Li Nemat OKeyhani Zhen Huang Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for plant Protection Plant Protection Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510642China Department of Microbiology and Cell Science Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of FloridaFL 32611USA

The rice planthopper,Sogatella furcifera,is a piercing-sucking insect pest of rice,Oryza *** is responsible for significant crop yield losses,and has developed moderate to high resistance to several commonly used chemical *** investigated the effects of the insect fungal pathogen Isaria javanica,alone and in combination with the chemical insecticide dinotefuran,on *** under both laboratory and field *** results show that *** displays high infection efficiency and mortality for different stages of ***,reducing adult survival,female oviposition and ovary *** bioassays showed that the combined use of *** with a low dose(4-16 mg L^(-1))of dinotefuran resulted in higher mortality in *** than the use of *** or dinotefuran *** combined treatment also had more significant effects on several host enzymes,including superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase,and prophenol oxidase *** field trials,*** effectively suppressed populations of rice planthoppers to low levels(22-64%of the level in untreated plots).Additional field experiments showed synergistic effects,i.e.,enhanced efficiency,for the control of *** populations using the combination of a low dose of ***(1×10^(4) conidia mL^(-1))and a low dose of dinotefuran(~4.8-19.2%of normal field use levels),with control effects of>90%and a population level under 50 insects per 100 hills at 3-14 days *** findings indicate that the entomogenous fungus *** offers an attractive biological control addition as part of the integrated pest management(IPM)practices for the control of rice plant pests.

关键词： Isaria javanica Sogatella furcifera entomopathogenic fungus white planthopper rice synergistic effect on pest control

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