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Reproductive ecology of the black rat (Rattus rattus) in Madagascar: the influence of density-dependent and -independent effects

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 66-86页

作者： Kathryn SCOBIE Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Voahangy SOARIMALALA Fehivola Mandanirina ANDRIAMIARIMANANA Corinne RAHAINGOSOAMAMITIANA Toky RANDRIAMORIA Soloandry RAHAJANDRAIBE Xavier LAMBIN Minoarisoa RAJERISON Sandra TELFER School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK plague unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Association Vahatra AntananarivoMadagascar

The black rat(Rattus rattus)poses a severe threat to food security and public health in Madagascar,where it is a major cause of pre-and post-harvest crop losses and an important reservoir for many zoonotic diseases,including ***,ecologically based rodent management(EBRM)strategies have been developed using ecologi-cal information to inform decisions on where and when to target *** could deliver improved health and well-being outcomes in Madagascar if adapted to the local ecological *** data collected from removal studies,we explored spatio-temporal patterns in the breeding activity of the black rat(***)in domestic and agricultural habitats across Madagascar and investigated to what extent these trends are influenced by rainfall and rat *** identified clear spatio-temporal variation in the seasonality of *** *** was highly seasonal both inside and outside of houses,but seasonal trends varied between these two ***-sonal trends were explained,in part,by variation in rainfall;however,the effect of rainfall on reproductive rates did itself vary by season and habitat type.A decline in breeding intensity with increasing rat density was recorded outside of *** has important implications for control,as populations may compensate for removal through increased *** recommend that sustained control initiated before the main breeding season,combined with improved hygiene and adequate rodent-proofing in homes and grain stores,could curtail population growth and reduce pre-and post-harvest losses provided that these measures overcome the compensatory response of rodent populations.

关键词： Madagascar Rattus rattus reproductive ecology rodent control

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plague Risk Assessment — China, 2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第20期4卷 417-420页

作者： Hao Li Xiaoheng Yao Cheng Xu Xianbin Cong Cheng Ju Kuidong Shao The Base for Control and Prevention of plague and Brucellosis China CDCBaicheng CityJilin ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?China has the largest and most complex natural reservoir of plague in the *** the 1980s,our country standardized animal plague surveillance and accumulated a substantial amount of useful epidemiological *** accordance with the“Criteria for Determining plague Natural Foci and plague Epizootics(GB 16883–1997),”Ya Dong,Xizang(Tibet)was identified as a new plague focus in 2021(Marmota himalayana plague).What is added by this report?Based on plague epidemiology in the past 20 years,we identify high-risk areas in 2022 to provide scientific evidence supporting plague prevention and control policy in *** are the implications for public health practice?To avoid the spread of plague to humans,we recommend strengthening animal plague monitoring in high-risk and adjacent areas and timely investigation and response to animal plague *** detection,early reporting,early diagnosis,early isolation,and early treatment of human plague helps prevent spread and long-distance transmission of plague.

关键词： epidemiology prevention diagnosis

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Rodent control to fight plague:field assessment of methods based on rat density reduction

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 868-885页

作者： Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Kathryn SCOBIE Beza RAMASINDRAZANA Voahangy ANDRIANAIVOARIMANANA Fanohinjanaharinirina RASOAMALALA Lovasoa Nomena RANDRIANTSEHENO Jerry Sylvio RAKOTONIAINA Olivier GORGÉ Xavier LAMBIN Eric VALADE Sandra TELFER Minoarisoa RAJERISON Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Plague UnitAntananarivoMadagascar School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Central Laboratory for plague Ministry of Public HealthAntananarivoMadagascar Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ParisFrance

Rodents represent a serious threat to food security and public *** extent to which rodent control can mitigate the risk from rodent-borne disease depends on both the effectiveness of control in reducing rodent abundance and the impact on disease *** on a plague-endemic region of Madagascar,this study compared the effectiveness of 3 methods:live-traps,snap-traps,and *** interventions were implemented inside houses between May and October *** tiles monitored rodent *** fleas,the vector involved in plague transmission,were *** populations consisted of Rattus rattus and Mus *** terms of trap success,we found that our live-trap regime was more effective than *** all 3 control strategies appeared to reduce in-house rodent activity in the short term,we found no evidence of a longer-term effect,with in-house rodent abundance in treated sites comparable to non-treatment sites by the following *** flea,Synopsyllus fonquerniei,is a key plague vector usually found on rats living *** we found no evidence that its abundance inside houses increased following control,this may have been due to a lack of power caused by significant variation in *** *** presence of *** in houses was more likely when *** abundance on outdoor rats was higher,which in turn correlated with high rat *** results emphasize that control strategies need to consider this connectivity between in-house rat–flea populations and the outdoor populations,and any potential consequences for plague transmission.

关键词： fleas Madagascar plague rodents surveillance

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Field assessment of dog as sentinel animal for plague in endemic foci of Madagascar

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 886-892页

作者： Minoarisoa RAJERISON Voahangy ANDRIANAIVOARIMANANA Maherisoa RATSITORAHINA Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Suzanne CHANTEAU Sandra TELFER Lila RAHALISON plague unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Epidemiology unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences Zoology BuildingUniversity of AberdeenUnited Kingdom

The epidemiology of Yersinia pestis,the causative agent of plague,involves vectors and reservoirs in its transmission *** passive plague surveillance in Madagascar targets mainly rodent and ***,carnivores are routinely surveyed as sentinels of local plague activity in some *** aim of this study is to assess the use of domestic dog(Canis familiaris)as sentinel animal for field surveillance of plague in a highly endemic area in ***-sectional surveys of plague antibody prevalence in *** were conducted in endemic areas with contrasting histories of plague cases in humans,as well as a plague free *** capture was done in parallel to evaluate evidence for *** circulation in the primary *** 2 sites,dogs were later re-sampled to examine evidence of seroconversion and antibody *** samplings were performed between March 2008 and February *** antibody detection was assessed using anti-F1 *** study showed a significant difference in dog prevalence rates between plague-endemic and plague-free areas,with no seropositive dogs detected in the plague free *** correlation was found between rodents and dog prevalence rates,with an absence of seropositive rodents in some area where plague circulation was indicated by seropositive *** is consistent with high mortality rates in rodents following ***-sampling dogs identified individuals seropositive on both occasions,indicating high rates of re-exposure and/or persistence of plague antibodies for at least 9 *** or seropositive juvenile dogs indicated recent local plague *** Madagascar,dog surveillance for plague antibody could be useful to identify plague circulation in new areas or quiescent areas within endemic *** active endemic areas,monitoring of dog populations for seroconversion(negative to positive)or seropositive juvenile dogs could be useful for identifying areas at great

关键词： Canis familiaris Madagascar rodent serology Yersinia pestis

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plague reservoir species throughout the world

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 820-833页

作者： Ahmad MAHMOUDI Boris KRYŠTUFEK Alexander SLUDSKY Boris V.SCHMID Alzira M.P.DE ALMEIDA Xu LEI Beza RAMASINDRAZANA Eric BERTHERAT Aidyn YESZHANOV Nils ChrSTENSETH Ehsan MOSTAFAVI Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUrmia UniversityIran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious DiseasesPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran Slovenian Museum of Natural History LjubljanaSlovenia Russian Research Anti-plague Institute«Microbe» SaratovRussian Federation Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis(CEES) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway National Reference Laboratory for plague Fiocruz PERecifePEBrazil State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina plague unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarMadagascar Department of Infectious Hazard Management Health Emergencies ProgrammeWHOGenevaSwitzerland M.Aikimbaev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections AlmatyKazakhstan National Reference Laboratory for plague Tularemia and Q feverResearch Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious DiseasesPasteur Institute of IranAkanluKabudar AhangHamadanIran

plague has been known since ancient times as a re-emerging infectious disease,causing considerable socioeconomic burden in regional *** better understand the epidemiological cycle of the causative agent of the plague,its potential occurrence,and possible future dispersion,one must carefully consider the taxonomy,distribution,and ecological requirements of reservoir-species in relation either to natural or human-driven changes(*** change or urbanization).In recent years,the depth of knowledge on species taxonomy and species composition in different landscapes has undergone a dramatic expansion,driven by modern taxonomic methods such as synthetic surveys that take into consideration morphology,genetics,and the ecological setting of captured animals to establish their species ***,we consider the recent taxonomic changes of the rodent species in known plague reservoirs and detail their distribution across the world,with a particular focus on those rodents considered to be keystone host species.A complete checklist of all known plague-infectable vertebrates living in plague foci is provided as a Supporting Information table.

关键词： mammals plague reservoirs rodents taxonomy

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Tackling COVID-19:Insights from the Qinghai Province plague prevention and control(PPC)model

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Biosafety and Health 2020年第4期2卷 187-192页

作者： Haisheng Wu Qingwen Zhang Hailian Wu Fuzhang Tian Baizhong Cui Zhizhen Qi Xiaoqing Xu Xuefei Zhang HuWang Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on plague Control and Prevention Key Laboratory for Plague Prevention and Control of Qinghai ProvinceQinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and ControlXining 810021China Health Commission of Qinghai Province Xining 810001China

plague,caused by Yersinia pestis,is a natural focus infectious *** China,plague is classified as category A,with the highest risk and hazard among the infectious *** used to be considered as one of the most serious areas of plague in *** recent years,thank to the measures in eight aspects summarized as the“Qinghai model”which were adopted to prevent and control the human plague in Qinghai,Qinghai has not experienced any plague case reported for eight *** early 2020,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbroke in *** Qinghai model on plague was employed to deal with the COVID-19 emergency in Qinghai *** Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Qinghai CDC)and hospitals,along with the departments of public security,animal husbandry and other departments,quickly tracked and treated the patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and started surveillance programs on close contacts *** present,the cure rate of patients has reached 100%,and close contacts have been effectively quarantined and tested to avoid the spread of *** findings from the study suggest that the prevention and control measures undertaken in Qinghai Province might be effective in dealing with the category A infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and other diseases.

关键词： plague COVID-19 Qinghai model Public health

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Rodent hosts and flea vectors in Brazilian plague foci:a review

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 810-819页

作者： Diego Leandro REIS DA SILVA FERNANDES Matheus FILGUEIRA BEZERRA Marise SOBREIRA BEZERRA DA SILVA Nilma Cintra LEAL Christian Robson DE SOUZA REIS Alzira Maria Paiva DE ALMEIDA Nacional Reference Service for plague Institut Aggeu Magalhães-FIOCRUZ PERecifePEBrazil Department of Microbiology Institut Aggeu Magalhães-FIOCRUZ PERecifePEBrazil

plague,caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium,has several foci scattered throughout a large area from the Brazilian territory that ranges from the Northeastern State of Cearáto the Southeastern State ofMinas Gerais and another separated area at the State of Rio de *** review gathers data from plague control and surveillance programs on the occurrence and geographic distribution of rodent hosts and flea vectors in the Brazilian plague areas during the period of from 1952 to ***,we discuss how the interaction between *** and some rodent host species may play a role in the disease *** absence of human cases nowadays in Brazil does not mean that it was *** dynamics of plague in Brazil and in other countries where it was introduced during the 3rd pandemic are quite alike,alternating epidemics with decades of ***,it remains an important epidemic disease of global *** existence of a large animal reservoir and competent vectors demonstrate a need for continuous surveillance to prevent new outbreaks of this disease in humans.

关键词： fleas plague rodents transmission vectors

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The Taxonomic Status of Spermophilus in the plague Area of Dingbian County,Shaanxi Province,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期31卷 238-241页

作者： AN Cui Hong CHEN Bao Bao FAN Suo Ping SUN Yang Xin LYU Wen SHE Jian Jun Department of plague Brucellosis and Etiologic Biological Vector ControlShaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineXi'an Jiaotong University

This study was conducted to define the taxonomic status of Spermophilus in the plague area of Dingbian County in Shaanxi Province,China,through the two-factor variance analysis of morphological characteristics,DNA bar... 详细信息

关键词： length COI NJ The Taxonomic Status of Spermophilus in the plague Area of Dingbian County,Shaanxi Province,China

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Phylogeny of Brucella abortus strains isolated in the Russian Federation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第7期14卷 323-329页

作者： Dmitry A.Kovalev Dmitriy G.Ponomarenko Sergey V.Pisarenko Nikolay A.Shapakov Anna A.Khachaturova Natalia S.Serdyuk Olga V.Bobrysheva Alexander N.Kulichenko Stavropol Research Anti-plague Institute 355035StavropolRussian Federation

Objective: To study Brucella(B.) abortus strains isolated in the Russian Federation, in order to identify their detailed position in the phylogenetic structure of the species global population as well as to determine genetic relationships for isolates from different geographical ***: Based on Bayesian method, the whole genome singlenucleotide polymorphism(SNP) analysis of 258 B. abortus strains from different geographical areas of the world including 20 B. abortus strains isolated in Russia was carried out. Results: The core genome SNP analysis of the B. abortus isolates allowed describing the main genetic lineages. The Russian strains entered two separate clades, including the basal branch and the C1 branch that is widely spread in Eurasia. The data on the isolation time was used for the dating of phylogenetic tree, and also the estimated time frame for the B. abortus genotype diversification was determined. There were sets of specific SNPs identified, which defined each of the genotypes and ***: A significant genetic diversity of the brucellosis pathogen strains from Russia has been proven. The sets of unique specific SNPs described in our study may become one of the elements within a bio-informational analysis algorithm to be used for epidemiological study of brucellosis outbreaks, including those caused by new(atypical) genetic variants of B. abortus.

关键词： Brucella abortus Phylogeny Evolution Genome SNP

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Characteristics of etiology and drug and disinfectant resistant genes of Yersinia pestis in natural plague foci of Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2019年第3期36卷 144-145页

作者：李胜 Lab plague Qinghai Instit Endem Dis Prev & Contr

Objective To analyze the biological characteristics of Yersinia pestis strains in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control in *** Totally 181 strains were separated from variety kinds of host in Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province from 1957 to 2011,and these strains were conducted biochemical test,virulence factor evaluation,plasmid analysis,different region(DFR)genotyping,drug and disinfectant resistant genes detection;79 of the 181 strains were examined by toxicity test and classified according to the criteria(minimum lethal dose:MLD≤10000 was velogenic strain,10000plague's pathogen and have strong toxicity;all strains are not drug-and disinfectant-resistance genes.

关键词： Plateau Qinghai separated

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