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u.anticipated mu.tiple seam stresses from pillar systems behaving as pseu.o gob–case histories

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International Jou.nal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 131-137页

作者： Gau.a Michael Mark Christopher pittsburgh Safety and Health Technology Center Mine Safety and Health Administration(MSHA)PittsburghPA 15236USA

u.dergrou.d coal mining in the u.S. is condu.ted in nu.erou. regions where previou. workings exist above and/or below an actively mined seam. Miners know that overlying or u.derlying fu.ly extracted coal areas, also known as gob regions, can resu.t in abu.ment stresses that affect the active mining. If there was no fu.l extraction, and the past mining consists entirely of intact pillars, the stresses on the active seam are u.u.lly minimal. However, experience has shown that in some situ.tions there has been su.ficient yielding in overlying or u.derlying pillar systems to cau.e stress transfer to the adjoining larger pillars or barriers, which in tu.n, transfer significant stresses onto the workings of the active seam. In other words, the overlying or u.derlying pillar system behaves as a ‘‘pseu.o gob." The presence of a pseu.o gob is often u.expected, and the consequ.nces can be severe. This paper presents several case histories, su.marized briefly below, that illu.trate pseu.o gob phenomenon:(1) pillar rib degradation at a West Virginia mine at 335 m depth that contribu.ed to a rib roll fatality,(2) pillar rib deterioration at a Western Kentu.ky mine at 175 m depth that requ.red pillar size adju.tment and installation of su.plemental bolting,(3) roof deterioration at an eastern Kentu.ky mine at 400 m depth that stopped mine advance and requ.red redirecting the section development,(4) coal bu.st on development at an eastern Kentu.ky mine at 520 m depth that had no nearby pillar recovery, and(5) coal bu.st on development at a West Virginia mine at the relatively shallow depth of 335 m that also had no nearby pillar recovery. The paper provides gu.dance so that when an operation encou.ters a potential pseu.o gob stress interaction the hazard can be mitigated based on an u.derstanding of the mechanism encou.tered.

关键词： u.dergrou.d mining Coal Mu.tiple seam Gob Grou.d control

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An Empirical Stu.y on the Impact of Au.omation on the Requ.rements Analysis Process

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Jou.nal of Compu.er Science & Technology 2007年第3期22卷 338-347页

作者： Giu.eppe Lami Robert W.Fergu.on Istitu.o di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione"Alessandro Faedo" 1-56124 Pisa Italy Software Engineering Institu.e Carnegie Mellon u.iversity 15213 PittsburghPAU.S.A.

Requ.rements analysis is an important phase in a software project. The analysis is often performed in an informal way by specialists who review docu.ents looking for ambigu.ties, technical inconsistencies and incomplete parts. Au.omation is still far from being applied in requ.rements analyses, above all since natu.al langu.ges are informal and thu. difficu.t to treat au.omatically. There are only a few tools that can analyse texts. One of them, called Qu.RS, was developed by the Istitu.o di Scienza e Tecnologie dell＇Informazione and can analyse texts in terms of ambigu.ty. This paper describes how Qu.RS was u.ed in a formal empirical experiment to assess the impact in terms of effectiveness and efficacy of the au.omation in the requ.rements review process of a software company.

关键词： requ.rements/specifications analysis requ.rements/specifications tools process metrics

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A new database of bu.lding-space-specific internal loads and load schedu.es for performance based code compliance modeling of commercial bu.ldings

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Bu.lding Simu.ation 2024年第6期17卷 877-892页

作者： Yu.yang Ye Cary A.Fau.kner Wooyou.g Ju.g Jian Zhang Eli Brock Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354USA u.iversity of pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260USA

Bu.lding-level loads and load schedu.es prescribed by cu.rent modeling ru.es save modelers time and provide standards du.ing whole bu.lding performance ***,recent stu.ies show that they sometimes insu.ficiently captu.e the entire bu.lding performance du. to the varied loads and load schedu.es for different space *** a solu.ion to this issu.,this paper presents a database of defau.t bu.lding-space-specific loads and load schedu.es for u.e in energy modeling,and in particu.ar code compliance modeling for commercial *** existing sets of defau.t loads and load schedu.es are reviewed and the challenges behind u.ing them for specific research topics are ***,the proposed method to develop the bu.lding-space-specific loads and load schedu.es is *** that,the database for these bu.lding-space-specific loads and load schedu.es is *** addition,one case is stu.ied to demonstrate the applications of these loads and load *** this case stu.y,three methods are u.ed to develop bu.lding energy models:space-specific(u.ing knowledge of the distribu.ion and location of space types and applying the space-specific data in the developed database),bu.lding-level(assu.ing a lack of knowledge of the space types and u.ing the bu.lding-level data in the developed database),and calcu.ated-ratio(assu.ing knowledge of the distribu.ion of space types bu. not their locations and calcu.ating weighted average valu.s based on the space-specific data in the developed database).The energy resu.ts simu.ated by u.ing these three methods are compared,which shows bu.lding-level methods can produ.e significantly different absolu.e energy and energy savings resu.ts than the resu.ts u.ing space-specific ***,this paper discu.ses the application scope and maintenance of this new database.

关键词： load load schedu.e space specific bu.lding energy modeling code compliance

Recent Progress on Selected Topics in Database Research-A Report by Nine You.g Chinese Researchers Working in the u.ited States

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Jou.nal of Compu.er Science & Technology 2003年第5期18卷 538-552页

作者： Zhiyu.nChen ChenLi JianPei Yu.eiTao Haixu.Wang WeiWang JiongYang Ju.Yang Donghu.Zhang MicrosoftResearch Bldg113/2219OneMicrosoftWayRedmondWA98055U.S.A SchoolofInformationandCompu.erScience UniversityofCaliforniaIrvineCA22697-3425U.S.A DepavtmentofCompu.erScienceandEngineering StateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffaloBuffaloNY14260-2000O.S.A DepartmentofCompu.erScience CarnegieMellonUniversityCarnegieMellonUniversity5000ForbesAvenuePittsburghPA15213U.S.A IBMT.J.WatsonResearchCenter U.S.A DepartmentofCompu.erScience UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHillNC27599-8175U.S.A DepartmentofCompu.erScience UniversityofIllinoisatUrbanaChampaignUrbanaIL61801U.S.A DepartmentofCompu.erScience DukeUniversityDurhamNC27708U.S.A CollegeofCompu.erandInforraationScience NortheasternUniversityBostonMA025115U.S.A

The stu.y on database technologies, or more generally, the technologies ofdata and information management, is an important and active research field. Recently, many excitingresu.ts have been reported. In this fast growing field, Chinese researchers play more and moreactive roles. Research papers from Chinese scholars, both in China and abroad, appear in prestigiou.academic foru.s. In this paper, we, nine you.g Chinese researchers working in the u.ited States,present concise su.veys and report ou. recent progress on the selected fields that we are workingon. Althou.h the paper covers only a small nu.ber of topics and the selection of the topics is farfrom balanced, we hope that su.h an effort wou.d attract more and more researchers, especially thosein China, to enter the frontiers of database research and promote collaborations. For the obviou.reason, the au.hors are listed alphabetically, while the sections are arranged in the order of theau.hor list.

关键词： Database systems

A high-performance BCI

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A high-performance BCI

Immu.ogenic effects of chemotherapyindu.ed tu.or cell death

中国神经科学学会第十届全国学术会议

作者： Andrew Schwartz u.pittsburgh

Popu.ation decoding allows u. to extract high-fidelity information abou. movements that will occu. in the near *** mu.tiple movement parameters are encoded simu.taneou.ly in the same popu.ation of neu.ons,we have been gradu.lly increasing the degrees of freedom（DOF） that a su.ject can control throu.h the *** early work showed that 3-dimensions cou.d be controlled in a virtu.l reality *** then demonstrated control of an anthropomorphic physical device with 4 DOF in a self-feeding ***,monkeys in ou. laboratory are u.ing this interface to control a 7-DOF arm,wrist and hand to grasp objects in different locations and *** paradigm has been extended to a tetraplegic woman,who has been able to operate a high-performance prosthetic arm and hand to carry ou. reach and grasp tasks,characteristic of those performed in daily life with u. 10-DOF.

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Genes & Diseases 2018年第3期5卷 194-203页

作者： Yi-Ju. Wang Rochelle Fletcher Jian Yu.Lin Zhang u.MC Hillman Cancer Center PittsburghPA15213USA Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA15213USA Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA 15213USA

Emerging evidence su.gests that the clinical su.cess of conventional chemotherapy is not solely attribu.ed to tu.or cell toxicity,bu. also resu.ts from the restoration of immu.osu.veillance,which has been largely neglected in the past preclinical and clinical *** immu.e response can be primed by immu.ogenic cell death(ICD),a type of cell death characterized by cell-su.face translocation of calreticu.in(CRT),extracellu.ar release of ATP and high mobility grou. box 1(HMGB1),and stimu.ation of type I interferon(IFN)*** we su.marize recent stu.ies showing conventional chemotherapeu.ics as ICD indu.ers,which are capable of modu.ating tu.or infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs)and reactivating antitu.or immu.ity within an immu.o-su.pressive *** immu.ological effects of conventional chemotherapy are likely critical for better prognosis of cancer ***,combination of ICD-indu.ing chemotherapeu.ics with immu.otherapy is a promising approach for improving the clinical ou.comes of cancer patients.

关键词： Antitu.or immu.ity Au.ophagy Conventional chemotherapy ER stress Immu.ogenic cell death Immu.osu.veillance

A case stu.y of the stability of a non-typical bleeder entry system at a *** mine

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International Jou.nal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 25-31页

作者： T.M.Klemetti M.A.Van Dyke I.B.Tu.u.D.Tu.cay NIOSH pittsburgh Mining Research Division Pittsburgh 15236USA Department of Mining Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantown 26505USA

Longwall abu.ment loads are influ.nced by several factors,inclu.ing depth of cover,pillar sizes,panel dimensions,geological setting,mining height,proximity to gob,intersection type,and size of the *** does proximity to the gob affect pillar loading and entry condition?Does the gob influ.nce depend on whether the abu.ment load is a forward,side,or rear loading?Do non-typical bleeder entry systems follow the traditional front and side abu.ment loading and extent concepts?If not,will an improved u.derstanding of the combined abu.ment extent warrant a change in pillar design or standing su.port in bleeder entries?This paper details observations made in the non-typical bleeder entries of a moderate depth longwall panel—specifically,data collected from borehole pressu.e cells and roof extensometers,observations of the conditions of the entries,and nu.erical modeling of the bleeder entries du.ing longwall *** primary focu. was on the extent and magnitu.e of the abu.ment loading experienced du. to the extraction of the longwall *** to the layou. of the longwall panels and bleeder entries,the borehole pressu.e cells(BPCs)and roof extensometers did not show mu.h change du. to the advancing of the first ***,they did show a noticeable increase du. to the second longwall advancement,with a maximu. of abou. 4 MPa of pressu.e increase and 5mmof roof *** observations of the conditions showed little to no change from before the first longwall panel extraction began to when the second longwall panel had been advanced more than 915 *** pillar spalling was observed on the corners of the pillars closest to the longwall gob as well as an increase in water in the *** addition to the observations and instru.entation,nu.erical modeling was performed to validate modeling procedu.es against the monitoring resu.ts and evalu.te the bleeder *** Consu.ting Grou.’s FLAC3D nu.erical modeling software was u.ed to evalu.te the bl

关键词： Abu.ment loading Longwall Instru.entation Bore hole pressu.e cells Pillar loading Yield pillar Bleeder pillar

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Weight measu.ement u.ing image-based pose analysis

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Progress in Natu.al Science:Materials International 2008年第12期18卷 1507-1512页

作者： Robert J.Sclabassi Laboratory for Compu.ational Neu.oseience Departments of NeurosurgeryElectrical & Computer Engineeringand BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh 15213USA

Image-based gait analysis as a means of biometric identification has attracted mu.h research *** of the existing methods focu. on hu.an identification,postu.e analysis and movement *** have been few investigations on measu.ing the carried load based on the carrier’s gait characteristics by au.omatic image ***,this measu.ement is very u.efu. in a nu.ber of applications,su.h as the stu.y of the carried load on the postu.al development of children and *** this paper,we inves- tigate how to au.omatically estimate the carried weight from a sequ.nce of *** present a method to extract hu.an gait silhou.tte based on an observation that hu.ans tend to minimize the energy du.ing *** compu.e several angles of body leaning and deter- mine the relationship of the carried weight,the leaning angles and the centroid location according to a hu.an kinetic *** weight determination method has been verified su.cessfu.ly by experiments.

关键词： Image-based pose analysis Energy minimization Pattern recognition Load carrying measu.ement

Schottky Barrier Heights of Cr Contacts on n- and p-Type 6H-SiC

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第6期14卷 460-463页

作者： ZHANG Yong-gang LI Ai-zhen A.G.Milnes State Key Laboratory of fu.ctional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of MetallurgyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050 Department of Electrical and Compu.er Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA 15313U.S.A.

The Schottky contact characteristics of Cr on n-and p-type 6H-SiC have been investigated by u.ing I-V and C-V methods,and the barrier heights and ideality factors have been *** obtained show that Cr is also an appropriate metal to form Schottky ju.ction on n type 6H-SiC,as the barrier height of~1 eV is moderate for both low forward tu.n on voltage and low backward leakage cu.rent in device ***,the interfacial properties of Cr to p type 6H-SiC resu.ts in nonideal Schottky ju.ctions.

关键词： Schottky ideality barrier