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Replacement of leisure-time sedentary behavior with various physical activities and the risk of dementia incidence and mortality:A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 287-294页

作者： Ying Sun Chi Chen Yuetian Yu Haojie Zhang Xiao Tan Jihui Zhang Lu Qi Yingli Lu Ningjian Wang Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsala 75185Sweden School of Public Health Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Sleep and Circadian medicine The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510180China Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Channing Division of Network medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Background:Whether or not there is targeted pharmacotherapy for dementia,an active and healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity(PA)may be a better option than medication for preventing *** examined the association between leisure-time sedentary behavior(SB)and the risk of dementia incidence and *** further quantified the effect on dementia risk of replacing sedentary time with an equal amount of time spent on different physical ***:In the UK Biobank,484,169 participants(mean age=56.5 years;45.2%men)free of dementia were followed from baseline(2006-2010)through July 30,2021.A standard questionnaire measured individual leisure-time SB(watching TV,computer use,and driving)and PA(walking for pleasure,light and heavy do-it-yourself activity,strenuous sports,and other exercise)frequency and duration in the 4 weeks prior to *** E(APOE)genotype data were available for a subset of 397,519(82.1%)individuals.A Cox proportional hazard model and an isotemporal substitution model were used in this ***:During a median 12.4 years of follow-up,6904 all-cause dementia cases and 2115 deaths from dementia were *** comparison to participants with leisure-time SB8 h/day,and the HR of dementia mortality was 1.35(1.12-1.61)for>8 h/day.A 1 standard deviation increment of sedentary time(2.33 h/day)was strongly associated with a higher incidence of dementia and mortality(HR=1.06,95%CI:1.03-1.08 and HR=1.07,95%CI:1.03-1.12,respectively).The association between sedentary time and the risk of developing dementia was more profound in subjects60 years(HR=1.26,95%CI:1.00-1.58 ***=1.21,95%CI:1.08-1.35 in>8 h/day,p for interaction=0.013).Replacing 30 min/day of leisure sedentary time with an equal time spent in total PA was associated with a6%decreased risk a

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Apolipoprotein E Dementia Isotemporal substitution model physical activity Sedentary behavior

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The Effects of a Lifestyle Modification Program on a Leisure physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in a Brazilian Low Socioeconomic Community

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Journal of sports Science 2017年第2期5卷 107-112页

作者： Mariana Santoro Nakagaki Edilaine Michelin Roberto Carlos Burini Center of physical Education and Sport Londrina State University (UEL) Londrina Paraná Brazil Center for Nutritional and Exercise Metabolism Department of Public Health School of Medicine (FMB) Sāo Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sāo Paulo Brazil

Regular physical activity benefits the health of the general population, more in those with sedentary behaviors. PURPOSE： To verify the impact of adding leisure-time activities to the existed sedentary behaviors. METHODS： A cross-sectional and a longitudinal analysis were undertaken in an ongoing epidemiological study （＂Move for Health＂） conducted by this Institution. The longitudinal study comprised 1572 subjects older than 35 yrs （53.8 ± 11.1 yrs, 76% women） enrolled during the period of 2004 to 2015. After a baseline assessment, the participants were submitted to a 10-week program of supervised physical exercises training and dietary counseling. The physical exercise protocol was composed by daily sessions （100 min）, 3-5x/wk, including warm up/stretching （20min）, 30 rain walking （60%-80% VO2max）, 40min strength in academy （3x 8-12 rep, 60%-70% 1RM） and stretching and cool down （10 min）. By using the International physical Activity Questionnaire （IPAQ-way long-version 8）, it was evaluated the time spent on sedentary activities during the week and on weekends （h/day）, in the domains of sedentary transport （h/week） and physical leisure activities （h/week） at baseline （M0） and after 10 weeks （MI） of physical intervention. The Student＇s t test was used to compare moments with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS： I was shown that 18.3% presented lower values than 150 min/wk of physical activity. Lower quartile of leisure domain on weekdays along with more sedentary behavior on weekends were determined by socioeconomic characteristics such as lower income and schooling. The sample referred low income （71% earning less than 5 minimum salary wage）, low schooling （52.6% uncompleted elementary school） but in a good-excellent status of health, according their self-perception. Leisure time-physical activity increased 2.12 （P 〈 0.001）. Behaviors of sedentary transport and sitting time either weekdays or weekends did not change significantly （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： An inexpensi

关键词： Sedentary behavior leisure time physical activity.

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Assessment of voluntary rhythmic muscle contraction-induced exercising blood flow variability measured by Doppler ultrasound

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative physiology 2013年第4期3卷 158-165页

作者： Takuya Osada Bengt Saltin Goran Radegran Department of sports medicine for Health Promotion Tokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark The Clinic for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease Skane University HospitalLundSweden Department of Cardiology Clinical SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden

Given recent technological developments, ultrasound Doppler can provide valuable measurements of blood velocity/flow in the conduit artery with high temporal resolution. In human-applied science such as exercise physiology, hemodynamic measurements in the conduit artery is commonly performed by blood flow feeding the exercising muscle, as the increase in oxygen uptake (calculated as a product of arterial blood flow to the exercising limb and the arterio-venous oxygen difference) is directly proportional to the work performed. The increased oxygen demand with physical activity is met through a central mechanism, an increase in cardiac output and blood pressure, as well as a peripheral mechanism, an increase in vascular conductance and oxygen extraction (a major part of the whole exercising muscles) from the blood. The increase in exercising muscle blood flow in relation to the target workload (quantitative response) may be one indicator in circulatory adjustment for the ac- tivity of muscle metabolism. Therefore, the determination of local blood flow dynamics (potential oxygen supply) feeding repeated (rhythmic) muscle contractions can contribute to the understanding of the factors limiting work capacity including, for instance, muscle metabolism, substance utilization and magnitude of vasodilatation in the exercising muscle. Using non-invasive measures of pulsed Doppler ultrasound, the validity of blood velocity/flow in the forearm or lower limb conduit artery feeding to the muscle has been previously demonstrated during rhythmic muscle exercise. For the evaluation of exercising blood flow, not only muscle contraction induced internal physiological variability, or fluctuations in the magnitude of blood velocity due to spontaneous muscle contraction and relaxation induced changes in force curve intensity, superimposed in cardiac beat-by-beat, but also the alterations in the blood velocity (external variability) due to a temporary sudden change in the achieved workloa

关键词： Exercising Blood Flow Doppler Ultrasound Muscle Contraction Blood Flow Alterations

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Sarcopenia:Clinical implications in ovarian cancer,diagnosis,etiology,and management

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sports medicine and Health Science 2020年第4期2卷 202-210页

作者： Aeran Seol Se Ik Kim Yong Sang Song Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea

Sarcopenia,loss of skeletal muscle and function,is a common condition among the elderly and is known to cause adverse health outcomes and increased risk of morbidity and *** progressive and generalized disorder imposes a considerable socioeconomic *** is observed commonly in cancer *** Asia is one of the fastest aging regions in the world,it is clear that incidences of both sarcopenia and ovarian cancer will increase together in Asian *** cancer patients are vulnerable to develop sarcopenia during the treatment course and progress of disease,and a considerable number of patients with ovarian cancer seems to have physical inactivity and sarcopenia already at the time of ***,management of sarcopenia should be conducted together in parallel with ovarian cancer treatment and ***,in this article,we will review the clinical importance of sarcopenia in the aspect of ovarian *** of sarcopenia,diagnosis,etiology,and intervention will be also introduced.

关键词： Sarcopenia Ovarian carcinoma Definition physiology Practice Intervention

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Effectiveness of rehabilitation based on recreational activities:A systematic review

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2013年第1期1卷 27-46页

作者： Hiroharu Kamioka Kiichiro Tsutani Minoru Yamada Hyuntae Park Hiroyasu Okuizumi Takuya Honda Shinpei Okada Sang-Jun Park Jun Kitayuguchi Shuichi Handa Yoshiteru Mutoh Faculty of Regional Environment Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Tokyo 156-8502 Japan Department of Drug Policy and Management Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033 Japan Human Health Sciences Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto 606-8507 Japan Department of Functioning Activation National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Aichi 474-8511 Japan Mimaki Onsen(Spa) Clinic Nagano 389-0402 Japan Japan Society for Promotion of Science Kyoto 619-0288 Japan physical Education and medicine Research Foundation Nagano 389-0402 Japan physical Education and medicine Research Center Unnan Shimane 690-2404 Japan Research Institute of Nippon Sport Science University Tokyo 158-0081 Japan

AIM: To summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on the rehabilitation effects of recreational ***: Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included one treatment group in which recreational activity was applied. We searched the following databases from 1990 to May 31, 2012: MEDLINE via Pub Med, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Ichushi-Web. We also searched all Cochrane Databases and Campbell Systematic Reviews up to May 31, 2012. RESULTS: Eleven RCTs were identified, which included many kinds of target diseases and/or symptoms such as stroke, dementia, Parkinson's disease, acquired brain injury,chronic non-malignant pain, adolescent obesity, high-risk pregnancy, and the frail elderly. Various intervention methods included gaming technology, music, dance, easy rider wheelchair biking, leisure education programs, and leisure tasks. The RCTs conducted have been of relatively low quality. A meta-analysis(pooled sample; n = 44, two RCTs) for balance ability using tests such as "Berg Balance Scale" and "Timed Up and Go Test" based on game intervention revealed no significant difference between interventions and controls. In all other interventions, there were one or more effects on psychological status, balance or motor function, and adherence as primary or secondary ***: There is a potential for recreational activities to improve rehabilitation-related outcomes, particularly in psychological status, balance or motor function, and adherence.

关键词： Recreation activities Randomized controlled trial Rehabilitation effect

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Advancements of Nano-Hydroxyapatite in sports medicine from Bone Injury Perspectives

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2021年第3期26卷 269-277页

作者： XIONG Youming SONG Tianbao WEI Zimeng CHEN Bei HONG Zixi ZHANG Chengjie JAMAL Muhammad ZHANG Qiuping QIN Caiqin School of physical Education Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan 432000HubeiChina Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan 432000HubeiChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina

Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of biology and medicine in the 21 st *** injury incidences during sports activities are common,and they are traditionally treated with allogeneic grafting,a common clinical practice but limited by the quality of the graft and some side ***-hydroxyapatite(nHA)is considered as an ideal bone graft material owing to its bone-like structure,excellent biological activity,bone conductivity,non-toxicity,and *** and its composite materials have been found suitable for the adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells,which leads to their potential applications in treating the bone *** this review,we classified different applications of nHA to explore the role of these materials in bone repair and tendon healing,highlighting the superior characteristics of nanomaterials in the treatment of bone injury,hoping to provide ideas for nHA applied to clinical practices for the treatment of bone injury.

关键词： nano-hydroxyapatite bone injury treatment sports medicine

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Determination of functional prognosis in hospitalized patients following an intensive care admission

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World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2016年第4期5卷 219-227页

作者： Natália A Ferreira Agnaldo José Lopes Arthur S Ferreira George Ntoumenopoulos Jerffesson Dias Fernando S Guimaraes Rehabilitation Sciences Post-Gradua-tion Program Augusto Motta University Centre physical Therapy Department Barra D’Or Hospital Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences State University of Rio de Janeiro Graduate School of Health Sciences University of Technology Sydney physical Therapy Department Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

AIM To investigate the factors associated with the functional progress of hospitalized patients following an intensive care *** Retrospective study including data from a cohort of 198 hospitalized patients following an intensive care admission and not requiring mechanical ventilation in a single tertiary referral hospital. A generalized linear model was used to identify the main effects of clinical and demographic variables on the outcomes of functionality(KATZ Index of Independence in activities of Daily Living) and muscle strength(MRC Scale). The covariates identified as independent predictors were analysed using the receiver operating characteristic curves. The analysis differentiated the periods in the intensive care unit(ICU), in the Ward(WARD) and the total time of hospital stay(TOT).RESULTS Considering the functional outcome(ΔKATZ), the variables that significantly contributed to the model(P physiology Score III, previous stroke, TLS, and sex(female). The variable age(AUC = 0.664) discriminated the ΔKATZICU. The variables age(AUC = 0.712), KATZ in ICU(AUC = 0.590) and on ward admission(AUC = 0.746), and MRC on ward admission(AUC = 0.721) were discriminative for ΔKATZWARD. For ΔKATZTOT the variables KATZ on ICU admission(AUC = 0.621) and TLS(AUC = 0.617) were discriminative. For ΔMRCICU the variables SAPSIII(AUC = 0.661) and MRC on ICU admission(AUC = 0.653) were discriminative. MRC on ICU(AUC = 0.681) and ward admission(AUC = 0.553) were discriminative for ΔMRCWARD. TLS(AUC = 0.649) and MRC on ward admission(AUC = 0.696) discriminative for the Δ*** Specific functional, clinical and demographical variables at ICU admission are associated with the functional prognosis during the hospitalization period.

关键词： Muscle strength Intensive care units activities of daily living Rehabilitation Early mobilization Post-intensive care unit syndrome

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24-Hour movement behaviours and COVID-19 among children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia:A repeat cross-sectional study

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sports medicine and Health Science 2022年第3期4卷 177-182页

作者： Yazeed A.Alanazi Anne-Maree Parrish Anthony D.Okely Early Start and School of Health&Society University of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia College of Sport Science and physical Activity King Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute WollongongNSW2522Australia

This study investigated how children's 24-hour(24-h)movement behaviours were affected by SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19)in the Kingdom of Saudi *** research examined 24-h movement behaviours in Saudi Arabia seven months after the World Health Organization(WHO)declared COVID-19 a global *** repeat cross-sectional study examined changes in 24-h movement behaviours 12 months after the WHO *** Time 2 survey repeated five months(1 March–15 May 2021)after Time 1 survey(1 October–11 November 2020).The survey was distributed to parents of children aged 6–12 years across Saudi Arabia via an online *** were classified as meeting 24-h movement guidelines if they reported uninterrupted sleep for 9–11 h per night,2 h of recreational sedentary screen time(RST)per day and-60 min of moderate-to vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)per day.A total of 1045 parents from all regions of Saudi Arabia responded(42.4%).Only 1.8%of children met all components of the guidelines,compared to 3.4%in Time *** the present study,girls spent more days per week in MVPA-60 min duration than boys(3.0 vs 2.6;p=0.025),while boys had spent more days per week engaged in activities that strengthened muscle and bone than girls(3.0 vs 2.8;p=0.019).Healthy levels of physical activity(PA),sedentary behaviour(SB)and sleep further declined in Saudi children five months after the Time 1 *** challenges require urgent intervention to ensure children's movement behaviours improve as Saudi Arabia moves out of the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Sleep Sedentary behaviour physical activity Children COVID-19

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The Effects of a Drums Alive Kids^® Beats Intervention vis a vis Behavior on Children with Developmental Delays

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 67-74页

作者： Carrie Ekins Peter R. Wright Marianne Liebich Jacqueline Wright Henry Schulz Dean Owens Drums Alive^® UG 86500 Kutzenhausen Germany Department of Sport Health Sciences & Social Work Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK Katholischer Kindergarten St. Theresia Bochum Germany Technische Universitä t Chemnitz Saxony Germany Chair of sports medicine Technische Universit&auml t Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Florida USA

The purpose of this study was to determine if the Drums Alive Kids Beats intervention could improve behavior in children with developmental delays (DD). The original pilot study that this study on behavior is linked to is titled, “The Effects of a Drums Alive Kids Beats Intervention on the physical Performance and Motor Skills of Children with Developmental Delays,” which was published in the December edition of the Open Journal of Pediatrics (OJPED, Vol.11 No.4 2021). During the facilitation of said intervention on physical and motor skills, the facilitators noticed unanticipated improvements in behavior, both individually and as a community through better awareness, self-control, self-efficacy, social interaction, and positive energy. Therefore, while maintaining the integrity of the MOT 4 - 6 testing protocols and Drums Alive intervention, a parallel study was conducted to objectively measure six behavioral domains, namely, motivation, impulse control, coordination, concentration, implementation of tasks, and creativity using a self-designed measurement tool with three elements for each domain that was approved by Dr. Heiner Lagenkamp, Department of sports and physical activities, Teaching and Research, Ruhr University, Germany. The 20 participants were German students between 5.10 and 10.2 years of age with no inclusion or exclusion characteristics who were divided into two intervention groups, IG Kindergarten (IG Kinder) and IG Elementary (IG Elem), with varied DD, i.e., transgressive behavior, ADHD, ADD, autism, anger management, visual acuity, self-control, and self-esteem. During the MOT 4 - 6 study and Drums Alive Kids Beats intervention, the facilitators monitored and assessed each participant for pre- and post-performance vis a vis behavior concurrently with physical and motoric skills. As the original study provided statistically significant improvements of between 14% - 24% in physical and motor skill performance with regards to overall scori

关键词： Behavior Multidisciplinary Music Movement Drumming Motivation Impulse Control Coordination Concentration Implementation of Tasks Creativity Plasticity

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Are flexibility and muscle-strengthening activities associated with functional limitation?

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sports medicine and Health Science 2022年第2期4卷 95-100页

作者： Craig E.Pfeifer Leanna M.Ross Samantha R.Weber Xuemei Sui Steven N.Blair Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina921 Assembly StColumbiaSC29208United States Applied Sport and Exercise Sciences University of GloucestershireUniversity of Gloucestershire Oxstalls CampusOxstalls LnLonglevens GL29HWUnited Kingdom Duke Molecular physiology Institute Duke University School of Medicine300 N Duke StDurhamNC27701United States Department of Nursing and Health Sciences Limestone University1115 College DrGaffneySC29340United States

This retrospective cohort study examined the relationship between self-reported participation in flexibility and muscular strengthening activities and the development of functional limitation(i.e.,once an individual has difficulty with or becomes unable to perform activities of daily living).Data were obtained from 1318 adults(mean age 49.59.7 years;98.7%Caucasian;14.9%female)enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study from 1979 to 2004 and free of functional limitation at ***-back health surveys were used to prospectively determine incident functional *** in muscle-strengthening and flexibility activities was assessed via *** logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds ratios(OR)and corresponding 95%confidence intervals for developing functional limitation during follow-up based on participation in general and specific categories of flexibility(‘Stretching’,‘Calisthenics’,or‘Exercise Class’)and musclestrengthening activities(‘Calisthenics’,‘Free Weights’,‘Weight Training Machines’,or‘Other’).Overall,42.6%of the sample reported incident functional *** adjusting for potential confounders(e.g.,age,sex,cardiometabolic risk factors),those who reported performing muscle-strengthening activities in general(n=685)were at lower risk of developing functional limitation[OR=0.79(0.63–1.00)].In addition,the specific flexibility activities of stretching(n=491)and calisthenics(n=122)were associated with 24%and 38%decreased odds of incident functional limitation,*** muscle-strengthening,stretching,and calisthenics activities are prospectively associated with decreased risk of incident functional limitation in generally healthy,middleaged and older ***,both public health and rehabilitation programs should highlight the importance of flexibility and muscle-strengthening activities during adulthood to help preserve functional capacity.

关键词： Functional capacity Quality of life Aging Exercise Independence Health

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