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Maize drought disaster risk assessment of China based on EPIC model

International Journal of Digital Earth 2012年第6期5卷 488-515页

作者： Huicong Jia Jingai Wang Chunxiang Cao Donghua Pan Peijun Shi State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100101P.R.China Key Laboratory of regional geography College of Geography and Remote Sensing ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China National Disaster Reduction Center of China Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People?s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100124P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China

Digital Agriculture is one of the important applications of Digital *** the global climate changes and food security becomes an increasingly important issue,agriculture drought comes to the focus of *** is a typical monsoon climate country as well as an agricultural country with the world’s largest *** East Asian monsoon has had a tremendous impact upon agricultural ***,a maize drought disaster risk assessment,in line with the requirements of sustainable development of agriculture,is important for ensuring drought disaster reduction and food ***,soil,land use,and agro-meteorological observation information of the research area were collected,and based on the concept framework of‘hazard-inducing factors assessment(hazard)-vulnerability assessment of hazard-affected body(vulner-ability curve)-risk assessment(risk),’importing crop model EPIC(Erosion-Productivity Impact Calculator),using crop model simulation and digital mapping techniques,quantitative assessment of spatio-temporal distribution of maize drought in China was *** results showed that:in terms of 2,5,10,and 20 year return periods,the overall maize drought risk decreased gradually from northwest to southeast in the maize planting *** the 20 year return period,high risk value regions(drought loss rate]0.5)concentrate in the irrigated maize region of Northwest china,ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in Northern China,Hetao Irrigation Area,and north-central area of North China Plain,accounting for 6.41%of the total maize *** results can provide a scientific basis for the government’s decision-making in risk management and drought disaster prevention in China.

关键词： physical vulnerability risk assessment agriculture drought maize production EPIC model China Digital Earth GIS

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NEW PATTERNS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

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Chinese Geographical Science 2000年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Zhen-guo Zhu Shi-mou Yao Nanjing Institute of geography & Limnology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing P.R. China

According to the basic features of socio economic development in China, the paper retrospects the developmental process of Chinese cities in the 20th century. Based on lots of data and related research achievements, five new patterns of Chinese urban development are pointed out, that is 1) regional disparity of urban development in China is still obvious and large; 2) cities in developed region develop in the form of agglomeration and coordination; 3) spatial layout shape of Chinese cities appears relatively tight, and there exists great outside expansion inclination; 4) the construction of exploitation zone becomes the new important factor of urban development in the 1990s; 5) number increase of cities at county level become the main tide of urban development, but cause the discrete understanding for the concept of urban substantial region, which construct a challenge to urban management. In the end the article puts forward a series thoughts on the future trends and countermeasures of urban development in China.

关键词： new patterns urban development urban group urban scale system

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Temporary Crops in the Brazilian Agricultural Frontier

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 244-267页

作者： Rogério Edivaldo Freitas Department of regional Studies Institute of Applied Economic Research Brasília Brazil

Food production remains one of the main challenges for humankind in this century, and Brazil is one of the largest food-producing countries that have yet some land for economically or technically profitable farming expansion. Moreover, knowing which areas constitute the Brazilian agricultural frontier is crucial for improving public policies and logistics infrastructure decisions. Data from the Brazilian Institute of geography and Statistics from 1995 to 2019 were used in this study. We aimed to map and measure the expansion of agricultural areas in Brazil from 1995 to 2019 for temporary crops according to their mesoregions. We used a four-stage methodology, compared the results of two agglomerative clustering methods, and identified similar mesoregions based on their share trends in the Brazilian agricultural seeded area. Some mesoregions had higher positive trend values for their share of the Brazilian agricultural seeded area: Mato-grossense North (MT), Mato-grossense Northeast (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul Southwest (MS), Goiano South (GO), Extreme West Bahia (BA), Maranhense South (MA), Piauiense Southwest (PI), and Tocantins Eastern (TO). As a second leading group, the Paranaíba Upstream (MG), São José do Rio Preto (SP), Mato-grossense Southeast (MT), and Goiano East (GO), must be emphasized. Further research is recommended, including extending the study to permanent crops and applying top-down analysis targeting microregions or municipalities in the identified mesoregions.

关键词： Agricultural Frontier Brazil Mesoregions Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient Clustering

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A strategy of the rural governance for territorial spatial planning in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第9期31卷 1349-1364页

作者： GE Dazhuan LU Yuqi Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application School of GeographyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Rural spatial governance has become an important part of the spatial governance system under the unified management of urban and rural ***-depth theoretical and practical research on rural spatial governance in terms of promoting national spatial planning can help improve the planning and regulation system of rural *** with a description of rural spatial governance,this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of rural spatial governance based on the comprehensive perspective of spatial *** study also discusses the internal processes and feasible paths of rural spatial governance in territorial spatial planning and outlines the theoretical and practical research for enhancing rural spatial *** conclusions are as follows:(1)Rural spatial governance starts with the coordination theory of human-land relationships in the rural regional *** planning and negotiation,governance has effective regulation of rural space and allocates spatial rights in an orderly *** spatial governance highlights the comprehensive governance processes that combine"top-down"and"bottom-up"participation by multiple subjects.(2)Through the"action-efficiency-target"system,the comprehensive governance analysis framework of"matter-organization-ownership"in rural space provides an effective scheme for constructing rural spatial *** spatial governance is characterized by both rigidity and flexibility,the interaction between physical space and spatial relationships,and the superposition of spatial ownership and spatial organization.(3)The rural spatial governance features of interconnecting various scales(regional–village–plot)are conducive to improving the rural spatial governance system.(4)The governance means,participation modes,and value-sharing mechanisms of rural spatial governance help enrich the territorial spatial planning system,promote the integration of multiple regulations,refine the regulation of land use,and

关键词： rural spatial restructuring rural revitalization spatial governance village planning territorial spatial planning

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A Study of Precipitation Climatology and Its Variability over Europe Using an Advanced regional Model (WRF)

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American Journal of Climate Change 2015年第1期4卷 22-39页

作者： Hari Prasad Dasari Venkata Srinivas Challa physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Radiological Safety and Environment group Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research Kalpakkam India

In recent years long-term precipitation trends on a regional scale have been given emphasis due to the impacts of global warming on regional hydrology. In this study, regional precipitation trends are simulated over the Europe continent for a 60-year period in 1950-2010 using an advanced regional model, WRF, to study extreme precipitation events over Europe. The model runs continuously for each year during the period at a horizontal resolution of 25 km with initial/ boundary conditions derived from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) 2.5 degree reanalysis data sets. The E-OBS 0.25 degree rainfall observation analysis is used for model validation. Results indicate that the model could reproduce the spatial annual rainfall pattern over Europe with low amounts (250 - 750 mm) in Iberian Peninsula, moderate to large amounts (750 - 1500 mm) in central, eastern and northeastern parts of Europe and extremely heavy falls (1500 - 2000 mm) in hilly areas of Alps with a slight overestimation in Alps and underestimation in other parts of Europe. The regional model integrations showed increasing errors (mean absolute errors) and decreasing correlations with increasing time scale (daily to seasonal). Rainfall is simulated relatively better in Iberian Peninsula, northwest and central parts of Europe. A large spatial variability with the highest number of wet days over eastern, central Europe and Alps (~200 days/year) and less number of wet days over Iberian Peninsula (≤150 days/year) is also found in agreement with observations. The model could simulate the spatial rainfall climate variability reasonably well with low rainfall days (1 - 10 mm/days) in almost all zones, heavy rainfall events in western, northern, southeastern hilly and coastal zones and extremely heavy rainfall events in northern coastal zones. An increasing trend of heavy rainfall in central, southern and southeastern parts, a decreasing trend in Iberian Peninsula and a steady trend in other zon

关键词： regional Climate Rainfall Europe WRF-ARW Threat Score

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Validation of basaltic glass adsorption capabilities from geothermal arsenic in a basaltic aquifer: A case study from Bjarnarflag power Station,Iceland

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1743-1753页

作者： K.C. Weaver M.A. Hoque S.M. Amin S.H. Markússon A.P. Butler Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW7 2BUUnited Kingdom School of geography Environment and Earth SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO1 3QLUnited Kingdom Gas Sustainability Technology Group Research and TechnologyProject Delivery and TechnologyPetronasMalaysia Landsvirkjun Háaleitisbraut 68103 ReykjavíkIceland

Arsenic is a carcinogen known for its acute toxicity to *** waters are commonly high in arsenic,as shown at the Bjarnarflag Power Plant,Iceland (w224 mg/kg of solvent).Development of geothermal energy requires adequate disposal of arsenic-rich waters into groundwater/geothermal *** outcome of arsenic transport models that assess the effect of geothermal effluent on the environment and ecosystems may be influenced by the sensitivity of hydraulic ***,previous such studies in Iceland do not consider the sensitivity of hydraulic parameters and thereby the interpretations remain *** we used the Lake Myvatn basaltic aquifer system as a case study to identify the sensitive hydraulic parameters and assess their role in arsenic *** develop a one-dimensional reactive transport model (PHREEQC ver.2.),using geochemical data from Bjarnarflag,*** our model,arsenite (H3AsO3) was predicted to be the dominant species of inorganic arsenic in both groundwater and geothermal *** reduced arsenic concentration beloww5 mg/*** reduced the residual contamination below w0.4 mg/kg at 250 m along *** on our modelling,we found volumetric input to be the most sensitive parameter in the *** addition,the adsorption strength of basaltic glass was such that the physical hydrogeological parameters,namely: groundwater velocity and longitudinal dispersivity had little influence on the concentration profile.

关键词： Geothermal Groundwater Hydrogeochemistry Arsenic Modelling

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An Updated Coupled Model for Land-Atmosphere *** I:Simulations of physical Processes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第4期25卷 619-631页

作者：曾红玲王在志季劲钧吴国雄 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences National Climate Center START regional research Center for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

A new two-way land-atmosphere interaction model （R42_AVIM） is fulfilled by coupling the spectral atmospheric model （SAMIL_R42L9） developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences （LASG/IAP/CAS） with the land surface model, Atmosphere-Vegetation-Interaction-Model （AVIM）. In this coupled model, physical and biological components of AVIM are both included. Climate base state and land surface physical fluxes simulated by R42_AVIM are analyzed and compared with the results of R42_SSIB [which is coupled by SAMIL_R42L9 and Simplified Simple Biosphere （SSIB） models]. The results show the performance of the new model is closer to the observations. It can basically guarantee that the land surface energy budget is balanced, and can simulate June-July-August （JJA） and December-January- February （DJF） land surface air temperature, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, precipitation, sea level pressure and other variables reasonably well. Compared with R42_SSIB, there are obvious improvements in the JJA simulations of surface air temperature and surface fluxes. Thus, this land-atmosphere coupled model will offer a good experiment platform for land-atmosphere interaction research.

关键词： SAMIL-R42L9 R42_AVIM R42_SSIB land-atmosphere coupling

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Modeling glacio-hydrological processes in the Himalayas:A review and future perspectives

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geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 179-192页

作者： Lei Wang Hu Liu Ranjeet Bhlon Deliang Chen Junshui Long Tenzing C.Sherpa State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China regional Climate group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgS-40530(Box 460)Sweden International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development Lalitpur 44700Nepal

The Himalayas and their surrounding areas boast vast glaciers rivaling those in polar regions,supplying vital meltwater to the Indus,Ganges,and Brahmaputra rivers,supporting over a billion downstream inhabitants for drinking,power,and *** changing runoff patterns due to accelerated glacial melt,understanding and projecting glacio-hydrological processes in these basins is *** review assesses the evolution,applications,and key challenges in diverse glacio-hydrology models across the Himalayas,varying in complexities like ablation algorithms,glacier dynamics,ice avalanches,and *** findings indicate higher glacial melt contributions to annual runoff in the Indus compared to the Ganges and Brahmaputra,with anticipated peak melting in the latter basins—having less glacier cover—before the mid-21st century,contrasting with the delayed peak expected in the Indus Basin due to its larger glacier *** modeling studies still have large uncertainties in the simulated runoff components in the Himalayan basins;and the projections of future glacier melt peak time vary at different Himalaya sub-basins under different Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP)*** also find that the lack of reliable meteorological forcing data(particularly the precipitation errors)is a major source of uncertainty for glacio-hydrological modeling in the Himalayan ***,permafrost degradation compounds these challenges,complicating assessments of future freshwater *** measures include establishing comprehensive in situ observations,innovating remote-sensing technologies(especially for permafrost ice monitoring),and advancing glacio-hydrology models to integrate glacier,snow,and permafrost *** endeavors are crucial for informed policymaking and sustainable resource management in this pivotal,glacier-dependent ecosystem.

关键词： Glacio-hydrology Modeling Himalayas Glacier,snow,and permafrost Sustainable development

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Indication of paleoecological evidence on the evolution of alpine vegetation productivity and soil erosion in central China since the mid-Holocene

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第10期64卷 1774-1783页

作者： Ying CHENG Hongyan LIU Hongya WANG Deliang CHEN Philippe CIAIS Yao LUO Xiuchen WU &Yi YIN School of geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China regional Climate group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgP.O.Box 460S-40530 GothenburgSweden Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA CNRS UVSQGif Sur Yvette 91191France State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125USA

Although alpine ecosystems have been commonly recognized as sensitive to recent climate change,few studies have examined its impact on the long-term productivity of vegetation and soil *** paleoecological records,these two aspects were examined in the alpine zone of the Taibai Mountains(elevation,3767 m)in monsoon-dominated East Asia since the middle *** for the productivity of vegetation and severity of soil erosion from high-resolution alpine lacustrine records show that the productivity and soil erosion were closely related to mean annual temperature and summer precipitation from the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM),***,when the mean annual temperature was low and precipitation was abundant,during 5800–4000 calendar years before the present(*** BP),the alpine ecosystem was characterized by low vegetation productivity and severe soil ***,the productivity increased and soil erosion decreased from 4000 *** BP *** results highlight the role of paleoecological evidence in studying ecosystem services on longer time scales,which is significant in making policies for sustainable development under climate change in regions for which such long-term monitoring data are not available.

关键词： Pollen Vegetation dynamics Alpine lake sediments Erosion intensity Paleoecological indicators

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Disciplinary structure of geographic science in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第9期32卷 1637-1641页

作者： CHEN Fahu LI Xin WU Shaohong FAN Jie XIONG Juhua ZHANG Guoyou State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resource and EnvironmentInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing100101China Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation group(ALPHA) Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing100101China Key Laboratory of regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing100101China Department of Earth Science National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing100085China The Geographical Society of China Beijing100101China

International and domestic circumstances have led to new opportunities and higher requirements for the development of geographic science in *** this paper,we propose a modified disciplinary structure for geographic science in China in the new *** science in China can be categorized into four secondary disciplines,i.e.,integrated geography,physical geography,human geography,and information geography,according to the current situation and expected *** tertiary disciplines under each secondary discipline are nearly fully developed,and a few quaternary disciplines under the tertiary disciplines are widely accepted and used in *** hope this new disciplinary structure can play a breakthrough role in improving the branches of geographic science,promoting the development of emerging disciplines under the framework of geographic science,and supporting national and international development strategies in the new era.

关键词： geographic science integrated geography physical geography human geography information geography disciplinary structure

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