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Spatial-temporal distribution and emission of urban scale air pollutants in Hefei based on Mobile-DOAS

Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 238-251页

作者： Zhidong Zhang Pinhua Xie Ang Li Min Qin Jin Xu Zhaokun Hu Xin Tian Feng Hu Yinsheng Lv Jiangyi Zheng Youtao Li School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China

As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban ***,there has been limited research in recent years on the spatial-temporal distribution and emission of its atmospheric *** address this,this study conducted mobile observations of urban roads using the Mobile-DOAS instrument from June 2021 to May *** monitoring results exhibit a favourable consistent with TROPOMI satellite data and ground monitoring station ***,there were pronounced seasonal variations in air ***,high concentration of HCHO and NO_(2)were closely associated with traffic congestion on roadways,while heightened SO_(2)levels were attributed to winter heating and industrial *** study also revealed that with the implementation of road policies,the average vehicle speed increased by 95.4%,while the NO concentration decreased by 54.4%.In the estimation of urban NO_(x)emission flux,it was observed that in temporal terms,compared with inventory data,the emissions calculated viamobile measurements exhibitedmore distinct seasonal patterns,with the highest emission rate of 349 g/sec in winter and the lowest of 142 g/sec in *** spatial terms,the significant difference in emissions between the inner and outer ring roads also suggests the presence of the city’s primary NO_(x)emission sources in the area between these two *** study offers data support for formulating the next phase of air pollution control measures in urban areas.

关键词： Mobile-DOAS HCHO NO_(2) SO_(2) Spatial-temporal distribution NOx emission

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Hybrid and enhanced electrokinetic system for soil remediation from heavy metals and organic matter

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 424-450页

作者： Faris M.Hamdi Namuun Ganbat Ali Altaee Akshaya K.Samal Ibrar Ibrar John L.Zhou Adel O.Sharif Centre for Green Technology School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of Technology Sydney15 BroadwayNSW 2007Australia Department of Civil Engineering Jazan UniversityJazan 82822Saudi Arabia Centre for Nano and Material sciences Jain UniversityRamanagaraBangaloreKarnataka 562112India School of Mechanical sciences Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyAustralia

The electrokinetic(EK)process has been proposed for soil decontamination from heavy metals and organic *** advantages of the EK process include the low operating energy,suitability for fine-grained soil decontamination,and no need for *** the last three decades,enhanced and hybrid EK systems were developed and tested for improving the efficiency of contaminants removal from *** enhanced-EK processes exhibited excellent efficiency in removing contaminants by controlling the soil pH or the chemical reaction of *** hybrid systems were tested to overcome environmental hurdles or technical drawbacks of decontamination *** of the EK process with phytoremediation,bioremediation,or reactive filtermedia(RFM)improved the remediation process performance by capturing contaminants or facilitating biological agents’movement in the ***,EK process coupling with solar energy was proposed to treat off-grid contaminated soils or reduce the EK energy *** study reviews recent advancements in the enhancement and hybrid EK systems for soil remediation and the type of contaminants targeted by the *** study also covered the impact of operating parameters,imperfect pollution separation,and differences in the physicochemical characteristics and microstructure of soil/sediment on the EK ***,a comparison between various remediation processes was presented to highlight the pros and cons of these technologies.

关键词： Electrokinetic Soil remediation Reactive filter media Enhanced electrokinetic Contaminants

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Design and test of cesium atomic concentration detection system based on TDLAS*1

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第3期21卷 167-171页

作者： LIANG Lizhen LIU Shanhu WU Yong WEI Jianglong XIE Yahong Hefei Institutes of physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Science Shandong Jianzhu University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University

In order to better build the neutral beam injector with negative ion source (NNBI), the pre-research on key technologies has been carried out for the comprehensive research facility for fusion technology (CRFFT). Cesium seeding into negative-ion sources is a prerequisite to obtain the required negative hydrogen ion. The performance of ion source largely depends on the cesium conditions in the source. It is very necessary to quantitatively measure the amount of cesium in the source during the plasma on and off periods (vacuum stage).

关键词： A

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First Search for Pulsed CH Maser Emission Stimulated by a Pulsar

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第2期25卷 62-71页

作者： Mengting Liu Di Li J.R.Dawson Joel M.Weisberg George Hobbs Ningyu Tang Gan Luo Duo Xu Donghui Quan Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences CSIRO Astronomy & Space Science Australia Telescope National Facility School of mathematical and physical sciences and Astrophysics and Space Technologies Research Centre Macquarie University Department of Physics and Astronomy Carleton College Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Institut de Radioastronomie Millimetrique 300 Rue de la Piscine Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto 60 St.George Street

We present the first search for pulsed CH maser emission potentially stimulated by PSR J1644-4559,conducted using the ultra-wide-bandwidth low-frequency receiver on Murriyang,CSIRO's Parkes Radio *** targeted three CHΛ-doublet transitions at 3264,3335,and 3349 MHz,with a variability timescale of78 *** detected ten CH emission features at 3335 and 3349 MHz,and seven features at 3264 MHz,during both pulsar-ON and pulsar-OFF *** observed velocities align with the OH emission and absorption reported by a previous study,suggesting a close spatial association between CH and OH *** derived column densities for CH clouds within the Parkes beam range from 0.05 to 9.8×1013cm-2,indicating that these clouds are likely in diffuse and translucent *** limits for CH column densities within the pulsar beam ranged from 0.3 to 9.8×*** of these column densities suggests that CH clouds may exhibit clumpiness and *** significant stimulated emission feature was detected in the optical depth ***,as part of our search for pulsed stimulated emission,we investigated the potential CH absorption of the pulsar signal and found none,in agreement with astrophysical *** upper limits for the potential maser amplification factors towards PSR J1644-4559 at 3264,3335,and 3349 MHz are 1.014,1.009,and 1.009,*** study demonstrates the feasibility of detecting pulsed CH maser emission in the interstellar medium stimulated by pulsar photons.

关键词： (stars:) pulsars: general ISM: molecules masers

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Discovering Climate Change during the Early 21st Century via Wasserstein Stability Analysis

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第2期42卷 373-381页

作者： Zhiang XIE Dongwei CHEN Puxi LI Department of Earth and Space sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina School of mathematical and Statistical sciences Clemson UniversityClemson 29634SCUSA State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Climate change is an essential topic in climate science,and the accessibility of accurate,high-resolution datasets in recent years has facilitated the extraction of more insights from big-data ***,current research predominantly focuses on mean-value changes and largely overlooks changes in the probability *** this study,a novel method called Wasserstein Stability Analysis(WSA)is developed to identify probability density function(PDF)changes,especially the extreme event shift and nonlinear physical value constraint variation in climate *** is applied to the early 21st century and compared with traditional mean-value trend *** results indicate that despite no significant trend,the equatorial eastern Pacific experienced a decline in hot extremes and an increase in cold extremes,indicating a La Nina-like temperature *** analysis at two Arctic locations suggests sea ice severely restricts the hot extremes of surface air *** impact is diminishing as the sea ice *** revealing PDF shifts,WSA emerges as a powerful tool to re-examine climate change dynamics,providing enhanced data-driven insights for understanding climate evolution.

关键词： climate change probability density function extremes Wasserstein distance

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Antiferromagnetic Order and Possible Quantum Spin Liquid in Kagome Antiferromagnet LuCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(2)[Br_(x)(OH)_(1-x)]

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Chinese Physics Letters 2025年第2期42卷 255-259页

作者： Zezhong Li Lankun Han Yili Sun Shanshan Zhang Zhenyuan Zeng Shiliang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Recent studies on the kagome lattice YCu_(3)(OH)_(6+x)X_(3-x)(X=Cl,Br)have provided promising evidence for the existence of Dirac quantum spin *** this study,we synthesized a new compound,LuCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(2)[Br_(x)(OH)_(1-x)],which has two types of structures with two different space groups,P3m1 and *** type-Ⅰ sample with a space group of P3m1 had undistorted Cu^(2+)kagome planes and orders magnetically below approximately 1.5 *** type-Ⅱ sample had a larger unit cell with a space group of R3 and distorted kagome *** magnetic ordering was observed,and the low-temperature specific heat behaved like a Dirac quantum spin liquid,including a quadratic temperature dependence at zero field and an additional linear𝑇term under magnetic *** comparing the structures with those of YCu_(3)(OH)_(6+x)X_(3-x)(X=Cl,Br),we show that the quantum spin liquid ground state may have a deep connection with the𝐽J■-J-J′Heisenberg model in the kagome lattice.

关键词： distorted x) quantum

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Reveal short range interactions between u/d quarks in the NN,D_(03),and D_(30)systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 102-111页

作者： Qi-Fang Lü Yu-Bing Dong Peng-Nian Shen Zong-Ye Zhang Department of Physics Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Changsha410081China Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China School of physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408China

The dynamic mechanism of short range interactions between u/d quarks remains an open and challenging *** order to reveal this quark dynamics,we perform a systematic analysis of N N,D_(03),and D_(30)systems in the(extended)chiral SU(3)constituent quark *** comparing results calculated with different models and different parameter sets,the effects of one gluon exchange and vector meson exchange terms are carefully *** results indicate that the vector meson exchange interactions dominate the short range interactions between u/d quarks,whereas the small residual one gluon exchange coupling strength is also allowed.

关键词： short range interactions dibaryons constituent quark models

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Is the Gum Nebula an important interstellar scattering disk of background pulsars?

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 175-186页

作者： Rui Wang Zhen Yan Zhiqiang Shen Ke Jia Lee Yajun Wu Rongbing Zhao Zhipeng Huang Xiaowei Wang Jie Liu Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200030China School of Astronomy and Space sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Physics and Astronomy Hubei University of EducationWuhan430205China

The Gum Nebula is a faint supernova remnant extending about 40°across the southern sky,potentially affecting tens of background *** the view that the Gum Nebula acts as a potential scattering screen for background pulsars has been recurrently mentioned over the past five decades,it has not been directly *** chose the strong background pulsar PSR B0740-28 as a probe and monitored its diffractive interstellar scintillation(DISS)at 2.25&8.60 GHz simultaneously for about two years using the Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope(TMRT).DISS was detected at both frequencies and quantified by two-dimensional autocorrelation *** calculated their scattering spectral indexαand found that 9/21 of the observations followed the theoretical predictions,while 4/21 of them clearly showedα<*** finding provides strong support for anomalous scattering along the pulsar line of sight,due to the large frequency lever arm and the simultaneous features of our dual-frequency *** comparison to the 2.25 GHz observations,scintillation arcs were observed in 10/21 of the secondary spectrum plots for 8.60 GHz ***,the highest frequency record for pulsar scintillation arc detection was updated to 8.60 *** fitting results were the most direct evidence for the view that the Gum Nebula acts as the scattering screen for background pulsars,because both the distance(245_(-72)^(+69)pc)and transverse speed(22.4_(-4.2)^(+4.1)km s^(-1))of the scintillation screen are comparable with related parameters of the Gum *** findings indicated that anisotropic scattering provides a superior explanation for the annual modulation of scintillation arcs than isotropic ***,the orientation of its long axis was also fitted.

关键词： pulsar interstellar scintillation Gum Nebula

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Holographic software for quantum networks

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第4期61卷 593-626页

作者： Arthur Jaffe Zhengwei Liu Alex Wozniakowski Departments of Mathematics and Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of physical and mathematical sciences and Complexity Institute Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637723Singapore

We introduce a pictorial approach to quantum information, called holographic software. Our software captures both algebraic and topological aspects of quantum networks. It yields a bi-directional dictionary to translate between a topological approach and an algebraic approach. Using our software, we give a topological simulation for quantum networks. The string Fourier transform(SFT) is our basic tool to transform product states into states with maximal entanglement entropy. We obtain a pictorial interpretation of Fourier transformation, of measurements, and of local transformations, including the n-qudit Pauli matrices and their representation by Jordan-Wigner transformations. We use our software to discover interesting new protocols for multipartite communication. In summary, we build a bridge linking the theory of planar para algebras with quantum information.

关键词： quantum information picture language string Fourier transform Clifford gate multipartite entanglement quantum protocol

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Kinetics of the reaction of OH radical with ethylfluoroacetate,ethyl 4,4,4-trifluorobutyrate,and butylfluoroacetate

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 273-283页

作者： Pedro L.Lugo Vianni Straccia Mariano A.Teruel María B.Blanco Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire(L.U.Q.C.A) Institute for Research in Physical Chemistry of Córdoba(I.N.F.I.Q.C.)Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of Chemical SciencesNational University of CórdobaUniversity CityCórdoba 5000Argentina Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research University of WuppertalWuppertal DE-42097Germany

Kinetics of the gas-phase reactions of•OH radicals with a series of fluoroesters were studied for the first time at 298±3 K and atmospheric *** rate coefficients were determined by in situ FTIR spectroscopy in nitrogen and GC-FID in air to monitor the decay of reactants and *** following coefficient values(in 10^(−12)cm^(3)/(molecule•sec))were obtained for ethyl fluoroacetate(EFA),ethyl 4,4,4-trifluorobutyrate(ETB),and butyl fluoroacetate(BFA),respectively:k_(1)(EFA+OH)=1.15±0.25 by FTIR and 1.34±0.23 by GC-FID;k_(2)(ETB+OH)=1.61±0.36 by FTIR and 2.02±0.30 by GC-FID;k_(3)(BFA+OH)=2.24±0.37 by *** trends were developed and correlated with the number of CH_(3)and F substituents in the fluoroester,and structure-activity relationships(SARs)calculations were *** addition,the tropospheric lifetimes of EFA,ETB,and BFA upon degradation by OH radicals were calculated to be 9,6,and 5 days,respectively,indicating that these fluorinated compounds could have a possible regional effect from the emission *** small photochemical ozone creation potentials of 9,7,and 19 were estimated for EFA,ETB,and BFA,*** GlobalWarming Potentials(GWPs)for EFA,ETB,and BFA were calculated for different time *** a 20-year time horizon,the GWPs were 1.393,0.063,and 0.062,*** the case of a 100-year time horizon,the GWPs were 0.379,0.017,and 0.017,and for a 500-year time horizon,the GWPs were 0.108,0.005,and 0.005 for EFA,ETB,and BFA.

关键词： CFC replacements sinks in situ FTIR SAR Acidification potentials Greenhouse gases

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