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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 4-22页

作者： Xiaohu YOU Yongming HUANG Cheng ZHANG Jiaheng WANG Hao YIN Hequan WU National Mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories Chinese Academy of Military Science China Information Communication Technologies group

Sixth-generation(6G) networks are anticipated to achieve transformative advancements, characterized by extreme connectivity, deep integration with artificial intelligence(AI) and sensing, and airground integration. The evolution of 6G exhibits two major trends: ubiquitous intelligence and sustainability. The former aims to embed state-of-the-art AI technology into the 6G network, from the physical layers to applications, while the latter emphasizes reducing energy consumption while enhancing network performance to address environmental concerns. Despite the amazing progress in recent years, AI advancements come with substantial increases in data and computational overhead, posing critical challenges for integrating AI into sustainable 6G networks. First, high energy consumption from large datasets and heavyweight AI models contradicts6G's green goals. Second, the precise collection of large datasets, message delivery latency, and inference delays in AI models pose challenges for real-time tasks in 6G. Third, the uninterpretability and unpredictability of AI models complicate meeting the stringent requirements for controllable transmission in dynamic wireless environments. Addressing these challenges and achieving sustainable 6G with ubiquitous intelligence calls for a revolutionary design of 6G architecture and AI frameworks. To this end, this paper introduces a novel and practical methodology for green, real-time, and controllable 6G native intelligence,starting with knowledge graph(KG) analysis to extract small but critical datasets, followed by the development of distributed lightweight AI models, and the use of digital twins(DTs) to create precise replicas of physical 6G networks. This leads to a pervasive multi-level(PML)-AI framework supported by a task-centric, three-layer 6G architecture. The AI framework operates through non-real-time and real-time cycles, leveraging three key technologies: wireless data KGs for efficient data management,lightweight AI mode

关键词： artificial intelligence sustainable 6G green real-time controllable

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Localizing base stations with measured data:a concatenated image-based deep learning approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 385-386页

作者： Yang CHEN Ziyuan LIU Feng JIANG Hong SHEN Wei XU Mengyu LI Ritao CHENG National Mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University China Mobile group Design Institute Co. Ltd.

Localization has become an indispensable function of modern cellular communication systems [1]. In a cloud radio access network(C-RAN), the remote radio head(RRH) is the actual signal transmitter, whose location can assist in wireless network layout optimization and wireless resource management. The measurement of the RRH location can only be done manually on-site due to the lack of global positioning systems(GPS) at the RRH side, which is thus not a cost-effective solution for the widely used C-RAN with a large number of RRH units.

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Force and impulse multi-sensor based on flexible gate dielectric field effect transistor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 214-220页

作者： Chao Tan Junling Lü Chunchi Zhang Dong Liang Lei Yang Zegao Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China The 54th research Institute of China Electronics Technology group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

Nowadays,force sensors play an important role in industrial production,electronic information,medical health,and many other ***-dimensional material-based filed effect transistor(2D-FET)sensors are competitive with nano-level size,lower power consumption,and accurate ***,few of them has the capability of impulse detection which is a path function,expressing the cumulative effect of the force on the particle over a period of *** we fabricated the flexible polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)gate dielectric MoS_(2)-FET for force and impulse sensor *** systematically investigated the responses of the sensor to constant force and varying forces,and achieved the conversion factors of the drain current signals(I_(ds))to the detected impulse(I).The applied force was detected and recorded by I_(ds)with a low power consumption of~30 *** sensitivity of the device can reach~8000%and the 4×1 sensor array is able to detect and locate the normal force applied on ***,there was almost no performance loss for the device as left in the air for two months.

关键词： flexible gate dielectric transistor force sensor impulse sensor force sensor array

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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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Linear Quadratic Mean Field Games with Quantile-Dependent Cost Coefficients

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2025年第01期 495-510页

作者： GAO Shuang MALHAMé Roland P. Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal group for research in Decision Analysis (GERAD)

This paper studies a class of linear quadratic mean field games where the coefficients of quadratic cost functions depend on both the mean and the variance of the population's state distribution through its quantile function. Such a formulation allows for modelling agents that are sensitive to not only the population average but also the population variance. The potential mean field game equilibria are identified. Their calculation involves solving two nonlinearly coupled differential equations: one is a Riccati equation and the other the variance evolution equation. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a mean field equilibrium are established. Finally, numerical results are presented to illustrate the behavior of two coupled differential equations and the performance of the mean field game solution.

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Degradation of gaseous hydrocarbons in aerated stirred bioreactors inoculated with Rhodococcus erythropolis:Effect of the carbon source and SIFT-MS method development

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 268-281页

作者： Paula Alejandra Lamprea Pineda Kristof Demeestere Allan Augusto Alvarado-Alvarado Frank Devlieghere Nico Boon Herman Van Langenhove Christophe Walgraeve research group EnVOC Department of Green Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000Ghent Belgium research group FMFP Department of Food TechnologySafety and HealthFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000Ghent Belgium Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology-CMET Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000Ghent Belgium

The study of microbial hydrocarbons removal is of great importance for the development of future bioremediation *** this study,we evaluated the removal of a gaseous mixture containing toluene,m-xylene,ethylbenzene,cyclohexane,butane,pentane,hexane and heptane in aerated stirred bioreactors inoculated with Rhodococcus erythropolis and operated under non-sterile *** the real-time measurement of hydrocarbons,a novel systematic approachwas implemented using Selected-Ion Flow TubeMass Spectrometry(SIFTMS).The effect of the carbon source(~9.5 ppmv)on(i)the bioreactors’performance(BR1:dosed with only cyclohexane as a single hydrocarbon versus BR2:dosed with a mixture of the 8 hydrocarbons)and(ii)the evolution of microbial communities over time were *** results showed that cyclohexane reached a maximum removal efficiency(RE)of 53%±4%in *** BR2,almost complete removal of toluene,m-xylene and ethylbenzene,being the most water-soluble and easy-to-degrade carbon sources,was *** below 32%were obtained for the remaining *** exposing the microbial consortium to only the five most recalcitrant hydrocarbons,REs between 45%±5%and 98%±1%were *** addition,we observed that airborne microorganisms populated the bioreactors and that the type of carbon source influenced the microbial communities *** abundance of species belonging to the genus Rhodococcus was below 10%in all bioreactors at the end of the *** work provides fundamental insights to understand the complex behavior of gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures in bioreactors,along with a systematic approach for the development of SIFT-MS methods.

关键词： Hydrocarbons SIFT-MS Rhodococcus erythropolis Biodegradation Bioreactors

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Performance Evaluation of Damaged T-Beam Bridges with External Prestressing Reinforcement Based on Natural Frequencies

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第2期19卷 399-415页

作者： Menghui Hao Shanshan Zhou Yongchao Han Zhanwei Zhu Qiang Yang Panxu Sun Jiajun Fan Henan Zhonggong Design&research group Co. Ltd.Zhengzhou450000China School of Civil Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

As an evaluation index,the natural frequency has the advantages of easy acquisition and quantitative *** this paper,the natural frequency is used to evaluate the performance of external cable reinforced *** examples show that compared with the natural frequencies of first-order modes,the natural frequencies of higher-order modes are more sensitive and can reflect the damage situation and external cable reinforcement effect of T-beam *** damaged bridges,as the damage to the T-beam increases,the natural frequency value of the bridge gradually *** the degree of local damage to the beam reaches 60%,the amplitude of natural frequency change exceeds 10%for the first *** natural frequencies of the firstorder vibration mode and higher-order vibration mode can be selected as indexes for different degrees of the damaged T-beam *** damaged bridges reinforced with external cables,the traditional natural frequency of the first-order vibration mode cannot be used as the index,which is insensitive to changes in prestress of the external *** natural frequencies of higher-order vibration modes can be selected as indexes,which can reflect the reinforcement effect of externally prestressed damaged T-beam bridges,and its numerical value increases with the increase of external prestressed cable force.

关键词： Performance evaluation natural frequency T-beam bridge damage external cable reinforcement

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Galileo multi-day precise orbit determination using L-band and SLR data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 99-110页

作者： Tianhe Xu Honglei Yang Song Li Zhenlong Fang Wenfeng Nie Min Li Baoguo Yu Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space Sciences Shandong University Navigation Laboratory of the 54th research Institute of China Electronics Technology group Corporation

The continuously available satellites of European Galileo currently reach more than 25. To explore the rationality and reliability of the L-band and satellite laser ranging(SLR) data processing strategies, we design the Galileo L-band, the SLR-only, and the combined L-band/SLR dynamic precise orbit determination(POD) strategies by using the normal equations(NEQs) stacking, and investigate their continuity and stability by employing the Galileo L-band data and SLR observations for the time span of the whole year of 2023, based on the Bei Dou/GNSS analysis center platform of Shandong University by using the modified Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.4. The orbital consistency of the L-band 1-day solution is the best with the Three-dimensional Root-Mean-Square(3D-RMS) values of 3.6 cm compared with the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe Multi-GNSS Experiment(COM) orbits, the corresponding values is 1.4 cm, 2.5 cm, and 2.3 cm in Radial, the Tangential, and the Normal(RTN) direction, respectively. While the SLR-only 9-day arc length is optimal with the RTN values of 5.3 cm, 30 cm, and 38.2 cm,as well as the 3D-RMS values of 48.9 cm. Encouragingly, the difference of the orbital accuracy between the combined L-band/SLR multi-day solution and the COM orbits is reduced by 0.5 cm and 0.9 cm, 0.6 cm and 1.2 cm in T-, and N-direction for the 3-and 5-day solution respectively. The corresponding values improve 0.7 cm and 0.9 cm, 1.4 cm and 1.8 cm for the 3-and 5-day orbital overlaps difference between the combined L-band/SLR and the L-band solution. Take the E09 satellite as a case study, the SLR-only orbital accuracy is regularly optimized as the multi-day arc lengthens and with the sites ***, the SLR residuals of its three types of orbits further demonstrate the positive contribution of SLR to the combination of the GNSS and SLR techniques.

关键词： Galileo POD SLR L-band NEQs stacking

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Passive Integrated Sensing and Communication Scheme Based on RF Fingerprint Information Extraction for Cell-Free RAN

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China Communications 2025年第1期22卷 171-181页

作者： Yu Jingxuan Zeng Fan Li Jiamin Liu Feiyang Zhu Pengcheng Wang Dongming You Xiaohu National Mobile Communications research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China 54th research Institute of Electronics Technology group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

This paper investigates how to achieve integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)based on a cell-free radio access network(CF-RAN)architecture with a minimum footprint of communication *** propose a new passive sensing *** scheme is based on the radio frequency(RF)fingerprint learning of the RF radio unit(RRU)to build an RF fingerprint library of *** source RRU is identified by comparing the RF fingerprints carried by the signal at the receiver *** receiver extracts the channel parameters from the signal and estimates the channel environment,thus locating the reflectors in the *** proposed scheme can effectively solve the problem of interference between signals in the same time-frequency domain but in different spatial domains when multiple RRUs jointly serve users in CF-RAN *** results show that the proposed passive ISAC scheme can effectively detect reflector location information in the environment without degrading the communication performance.

关键词： CF-RAN ISAC passive sensing RF fingerprinting

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Strain accumulation in the Mentawai Forearc Sliver,Indonesia,inferred from continuous GNSS-derived strain rate

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 1-6页

作者： Leni Sophia Heliani Cecep Pratama Adi Wibowo David Prambudi Sahara Susilo Susilo Sidik Tri Wibowo Ayu Nur Safii Oktadi Prayoga Ajat Sudrajat Mizan Bustanul Fuady Bisri Evi Dwi Kurniasari Sheilla Evelinda Nicholas Genta Setiawan Gunawan Department of Geodetic Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Department of Computer Science Universitas Diponegoro Global Geophysics research group Institut Teknologi Bandung research Center for Geological Disaster National Research and Innovation Agency Geospatial Information Agency Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies Kobe University Graduate School of Geodetic Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada

The Mentawai Forearc Sliver(MFS) is characterized by oblique deformation formed as slip partitioned between normal and parallel trench plate convergence. The surge of great earthquakes from 2004 to2012 along the adjacent Sunda trench left a large unbroken segment known as the Mentawai Seismic Gap. Here, we adopted continuous Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) observation data to identify the present regional crustal deformation using geodetic strain rates. The principal strain rate, dilatation rate, and maximum shear strain rate are about 0.13 microstrain/yr, 0.2 microstrain/yr, and 0.1 microstrain/yr, respectively, with the range of its uncertainties between 0.01 and 0.04 microstrain/yr. The dilatation and maximum shear strain rates reveal the spatial coverage of strike-slip duplex and backthrust tectonics along the Mentawai Forearc Sliver.

关键词： Mentawai Forearc Dilatation Shear Geodetic

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