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Lipidomic analyses reveal enhanced lipolysis in planthoppers feeding on resistant host plants

Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第9期64卷 1502-1521页

作者： Xiaohong Zheng Yeyun Xin Yaxin Peng Junhan Shan Ning Zhang Di Wu Jianping Guo Jin Huang Wei Guan Shaojie Shi Cong Zhou Rongzhi Chen Bo Du Lili Zhu Fang Yang Xiqin Fu Longping Yuan Guangcun He State Key Laboratory of Hybrid rice College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China

The brown planthopper(BPH)(Nilaparvata lugens St?l)is a highly destructive pest that seriously damages rice(Oryza sativa L.)and causes severe yield *** better understand the physiological and metabolic mechanisms through which BPHs respond to resistant rice,we combined mass-spectrometry-based lipidomics with transcriptomic analysis and gene knockdown techniques to compare the lipidomes of BPHs feeding on either of the two resistant(NIL-Bph6 and NIL-Bph9)plants or a wild-type,BPH susceptible(9311)*** that were fed on resistant rice transformed triglyceride(TG)to phosphatidylcholine(PC)and digalactosyldiacylglycerol(DGDG),with these lipid classes showing significant alterations in fatty acid ***,the insects that were fed on resistant rice were characterized by prominent expression changes in genes involved in lipid metabolism *** of the NlBmm gene,which encodes a lipase that regulates the mobilization of lipid reserves,significantly increased TG content and feeding performance of BPHs on resistant plants relative to dsGFP-injected *** study provides the first detailed description of lipid changes in BPHs fed on resistant and susceptible rice *** from BPHs fed on resistant rice plants reveal that these insects can accelerate TG mobilization to provide energy for cell proliferation,body maintenance,growth and oviposition.

关键词： brown planthopper rice plants RNA-seq lipidomics lipid metabolism RNA interference

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Three-dimensional spin–orbit coupled Fermi gases:Fulde–Ferrell pairing, Majorana fermions, Weyl fermions,and gapless topological superfluidity

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第5期24卷 44-55页

作者： Xia-Ji Liu Hui Hu Han Pu center for Quantum and Optical Science Swinburne University of Technology Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute Rice University center for Cold Atom Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

We theoretically investigate a three-dimensional Fermi gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling in the presence of both out-of-plane and in-plane Zeeman fields. We show that, driven by a sufficiently large Zeeman field, either out-of-plane or in-plane, the superfluid phase of this system exhibits a number of interesting features, including inhomogeneous Fulde- Ferrell pairing, gapped or gapless topological order, and exotic quasi-particle excitations known as Weyl fermions that have linear energy dispersions in momentum space （i.e., massless Dirac fermions）. The topological superfluid phase can have either four or two topologically protected Weyl nodes. We present the phase diagrams at both zero and finite temperatures and discuss the possibility of their observation in an atomic Fermi gas with synthetic spin-orbit coupling. In this context, topological superfluid phase with an imperfect Rashba spin-orbit coupling is also studied.

关键词： Fulde-Ferrell superfluid topological superfluid spin-orbit coupling

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Characterization and Fine Mapping of a Novel rice Narrow Leaf Mutant nal9

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第11期55卷 1016-1025页

作者： Wei Li Chao Wu Guocheng Hu Li Xing Wenjing Qian Huamin Si Zongxiu Sun Xingchun Wang Yaping Fu Wenzhen Liu State Key Laboratory of rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute College of Life Sciences Shanxi Agricultural University Institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Biotechnology research center China Three Gorges University

A narrow leaf mutant was isolated from transgenic rice （Oryza sativa L.） lines carrying a T-DNA insertion. The mutant is characterized by narrow leaves during its whole growth period, and was named nal9 （narrow leaf 9）. The mutant also has other phenotypes, such as light green leaves at the seedling stage, reduced plant height, a small panicle and increased tillering. Genetic analysis revealed that the mutation is controlled by a single recessive gene. A hygromycin resistance assay showed that the mutation was not caused by T-DNA insertion, so a map-based cloning strategy was employed to isolate the nal9 gene. The mutant individuals from the F2 generations of a cross between the nal9mutant and Longtepu were used for mapping. With 24 F2 mutants, the nal9 gene was preliminarily mapped near the marker RM156 on the chromosome 3. New INDEL markers were then designed based on the sequence differences between japonica and indica at the region near RM156. The nal9 gene was finally located in a 69.3 kb region between the markers V239B and V239G within BAC OJ1212_C05 by chromosome walking. Sequence and expression analysis showed that an ATP-dependent CIp protease proteolytic subunit gene （CIpP） was most likely to be the nal9 gene. Furthermore, the nal9 mutation was rescued by transformation of the CIpP cDNA driven by the 35S promoter. Accordingly, the CIpP gene was identified as the NAL9 gene. Our results provide a basis for functional studies of NAL9 in future work.

关键词： ice narrow leaf mutant nal9 fine mapping.

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Effects of temperature on fitness costs in chlorpyrifos-resistant brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens （Hemiptera： Delphacidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 409-417页

作者： Bao-Jun Yang Mei-Ling Liu Yi-Xi Zhang Ze-Wen Liu Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education) College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China rice Technology research and Development center China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou China

Insecticide resistance is inevitable if an insecticide is widely used to control insect pests. Fortunately, the resistance-associated fitness costs often give chances to manage resistances. In most cases, the fitness cost in resistant insects is often evaluated under laboratory conditions for insect development, which limits its practical application in pest control in the field. In a laboratory population R9 with 253-fold resistance to chlorpyrifos after nine-generation selection with chlorpyrifos, the relative fitness was only 0.206 under laboratory conditions （25℃, humidity 70%-80% and 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod）, when compared to S9, a susceptible counterpart （resistance ratio = 2.25- fold） from the same origin as R9 but without any selection with insecticides. Temperatures varied the resistance-associated fitness costs, with enhanced costs at high temperatures and reduced costs at low temperatures, such as 0.174 at 32℃ and 0.527 at 18℃. The copulation rate and fecundity were two key factors for the reduced costs at low temperatures. Another finding was that R9 individuals needed much more time to recover from heat shock than that of S9, but R9 and $9 individuals were similarly sensitive to cold shock. The low fitness cost at low temperatures would increase the overwintering population, which might further increase risks of rapid development and widespread distribution of chlorpyrifos resistance in Nilaparvata lugens.

关键词： fitness cost insecticide resistance Nilaparvata lugens temperature

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Characterization of neutral lipases revealed the tissue-specific triacylglyceroi hydrolytic activity in Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 693-704页

作者： Hui-Hui Zhang Bao-Jun Yang Yong Wu Hao-Li Gao Xu-Min Lin Jian-Zheng Zou Ze-Wen Liu Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests(Ministry of Education) College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina rice Technology research and Development center China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina

The lipid metabolism plays an essential role in the development andreproduction of insects, and lipases are important enzymes in lipid metabolism. In Nilaparvatalugens, an important insect pest on rice, triacylglycerol hydrolytic activities weredifferent among tissues, with high activity in integument, ovary, and fat body, but low activityin intestine. To figure out the tissue-specific triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity, weidentified 43 lipases in N. lugens. Of these 43 lipases, 23 belonged to neutral lipases, sothis group was selected to perform further experiments on triacylglycerol hydrolysis. Thecomplete motifs of catalytic triads, β9 loop, and lid motif, are required for the triacylglycerolhydrolytic activity in neutral lipases, which were found in some neutral lipases withhigh gene expression levels in integument and ovary, but not in intestine. The recombinantproteins of 3 neutral lipases with or without 3 complete motifs were obtained, and the activitydetermination confirmed the importance of 3 motifs. Silencing XM_022331066.1,which is highly expressed in ovary and with 3 complete motifs, significantly decreasedthe egg production and hatchability of N. lugens, partially through decline of the lipidmetabolism. In summary, at least one-third of important motifs were incomplete in allneutral lipases with high gene expression in intestine, which could partially explain whythe lipase activity in intestine was much lower than that in other tissues. The low activityto hydrolyze triacylglycerol in N. lugens intestine might be associated with its food resourceand nutrient components, and the ovary-specific neutral lipases were important forN. lugens reproduction.

关键词： lipases neutral lipases Nilaparvata lugens reproduction triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity

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research progress on the breeding of japonica super rice varieties in Jiangsu Province,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第5期16卷 992-999页

作者： WANG Cai-lin ZHANG Ya-dong ZHU Zhen CHEN Tao ZHAO Qing-yong ZHONG Wei-gong YANG Jie YAO Shu ZHOU Li-hui ZHAO Ling LI Yu-sheng Institute of Food Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Impro vement/Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and De velopment CenterNanjing 210014P.R.China

In this study we report the results of a decade-long breeding program for japonica super rice made by Nanjing Branch of Chinese National center for rice Improvement in Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences. We concluded that selection of parents with good comprehensive traits and complementary advantages and disadvantages of both parents in the hybrid combination, and early selection of high heritability traits in earlier segregating generations could significantly improve the breeding efficiency. The use of closely-linked functional markers in pyramiding of multiple genes could greatly increase breeding efficiency, avoiding time-consuming and laborious steps that were used in traditional breeding program. It is also important to coordinate the yield components with variety characteristics such as yield stability, wide adaptability, lodging resistance, and an attractive grain appearance during late growth stage of rice.

关键词： japonica super rice eating quality disease resistance breeding strategy

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Dissection of QTLs for Yield Traits on the Short Arm of rice Chromosome 6

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第5期7卷 513-520页

作者： DU Jing-hong FAN Ye-yang WU Ji-rong ZHUANG Jie-yun Chinese National center for rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of rice Science China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou310006 P.R.China

This study was undertaken to dissect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling yield traits on the short arm of rice chromosome 6. A residual heterozygous line that carries a heterozygous segment extending from RM587 to RM19784 on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 was selected from an F7 population of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. An F2：3 population consisting of 221 lines was derived and grown in two trial sites. Six yield traits including number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, total number of spikelets per panicle, spikelet fertility, 1 000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant were measured. An SSR marker linkage map was constructed and employed to determine QTLs for yield traits with Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5. QTLs were detected in the target interval for all the traits analyzed except NP, with phenotypic variance explained by a single QTL ranging between 6.3% and 35.2%. Most of the QTLs for yield components acted as additive QTLs, while the three QTLs for grain yield had dominance degrees of 1.65, 0.84, and -0.42, respectively. It was indicated that three or more QTLs for yield traits were located in the target region. The genetic action mode, the direction of the QTL effect, and the magnitude of the QTL effect varied among different QTLs for a given trait, and among QTLs for different traits that were located in the same interval.

关键词： yield traits residual heterozygous line quantitative trait locus short arm of chromosome 6 rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Dissection of QTLs for Hull Silicon Content on the Short Arm of rice Chromosome 6

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rice science 2010年第2期17卷 99-104页

作者： Wu Ji-rong FAN Fang-jun DU Jing-hong FAN Ye-yang ZHUANG Jie-yun Chinese National center for rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006 China

The QTL qHUS6 for hull silicon content in rice was previously located on the short arm of rice chromosome 6. By using an F2：3 population segregating in the RM587-RM19784 region harboring qHUS6 in an isogenic background, two QTLs for hull silicon content were detected, of which qHUS6-1 was located in the distal region and qHUS6.2 in the region proximal to the centromere. Three rice plants carrying small heterozygous segments in the target region were selected, of which two covered the qHUS6-1 region and the other covered the qHUS6-2 region. Three F2：3 populations were derived from the selfed seeds of the three plants, respectively. QTL mapping was performed using the two populations segregating in the qHUS6-1 region, and qHUS6-1 was delimited to a 147.0-kb region flanked by the markers RM510 and RM19417. Five groups of F3 lines with different genotypic compositions in the qHUS6-2 region were selected from the other F2-3 population. Two QTLs were separated with two-way ANOVA, of which qHUS6-2a was located in the interval defined by RM19706-RM19795 and qHUS6-2b in the interval RM314-RM19665.

关键词： rice (Oryza safiva) quantitative trait locus residual heterozygous line hull silicon content gene mapping

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Breeding Methodology and Practice of Super rice in China

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rice science 2010年第2期17卷 87-93页

作者： CAO Li-yong ZHAN Xiao-deng CHEN Shen-guang FENG Yue Wu Wei-ming SHEN Xi-hong CHENG Shi-hua State Key Laboratory of rice Biology/Chinese National center for rice Improvement China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006 China

To meet the growing demand for rice production, the Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China initiated a nationwide project on the development of super rice in 1996. Through efforts in research, super rice breeding in China has gained significant advances in the aspects of breeding theories, creation of breeding materials and selection and promotion of elite rice varieties. A creative super rice breeding path of the construction of harmonious plant type combined with the utilization of heterosis was proposed. Super rice plays more and more important roles in rice production. Totally, 71 super rice varieties in China have been successfully developed and released to production. These varieties have 12 t/hm2 yield potential in on-farm demonstration fields, 8% to 15% higher than the check varieties with high resistance to pest and medium to high level of grain quality, the total growing area of which has reached 23.7 million hectares, and rice grain production increased by 17.7 million tons from 1996 to 2009. This paper reviewed the development and achievements of super rice breeding in aspects of the breeding methodology and breeding practices, summarized the successful experience of super rice breeding in China and proposed the developmental strategies of super rice for the future.

关键词： achievements experience super rice breeding methodology

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Fine Mapping of C（Chromogen for Anthocyanin） Gene in rice

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rice science 2008年第1期15卷 1-6页

作者： FAN Fang-jun FAN Ye-yang DU Jing-hong ZHUANG Jie-yun Chinese National center for rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006 China

Seven residual heterozygous lines （RHLs） displaying different genotypic compositions in the genomic region covering probable locations of C （Chromogen for anthocyanin） gene on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 were selected from the progenies of the indica cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. Seeds were harvested from each of the seven plants, and the resultant F2：3 populations were used for fine mapping of C gene. It was shown in the populations that the apiculus coloration matched to basal leaf sheath coloration in each plant. By relating the coloration performances of the populations with the genotypic compositions of the RHLs, the C locus was located between rice SSR markers RM314 and RM253. By using a total of 1279 F2：3 individuals from two populations showing coloration segregation, the C locus was then located between RM111 and RM253, with genetic distances of 0.7 cM to RM111 and 0.4 cM to RM253. Twenty-two recombinants found in the two populations were assayed with seven more markers located between RM111 and RM253, including six SSR markers and one marker for the C gene candidate, OsCl. The C locus was delimited to a 59.3-kb region in which OsC1 was located.

关键词： C locus fine mapping candidate gene residual heterozygous line rice

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