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Antimicrobial resistance containment in Africa:Moving beyond surveillance

Biosafety and Health 2024年第1期6卷 50-58页

作者： Zikora Kizito Glory Anyaegbunam Ifeanyi Elibe Mba Yandev Doowuese Ngozi J.Anyaegbunam Toluwalase Mba Fetuata Aminat Aina Vincent NnamdigadiChigor Emeka Innocent Nweze Emmanuel A.Ezea Department of microbiology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Nigeria Nsukka CampusEnugu 410001Nigeria Department of pharmaceutical microbiology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of IbadanIbadan 20005Nigeria Department of microbiology Federal University of Health SciencesOtukpo 970001Nigeria Measurement and Evaluation unit Science Education Department University of Nigeria NsukkaEnugu 410001Nigeria Sumy State University Medical InstituteSumy Oblast 40000Ukraine Lead City University Hospital Lead CityIbadan 200255Nigeria Department of microbiology College of Natural SciencesFederal University of AgricultureAbeokuta 111101Nigeria

Worldwide,infections caused by drug‐resistant pathogens constitute a significant challenge threatening therapeutic *** to the World Health Organization(WHO),antimicrobial resistance(AMR)ranks among the top 10 global public health *** with a high rate of multiple host adaptivity,significant genetic diversity(multiple lineages),high virulence factors,and genetic exchange have been isolated from various sources(humans,animals,and the environment)even without exposure to prior *** now,the source of AMR and how resistant clones are selected in the environment remain largely elusive,and potential anthropogenic transmission has been reported in different *** drug‐resistant pathogens,lineages,resistant clones,outbreak clusters,plasmid replicates,and genes that play a critical role in resistance dissemination have been *** of certain multidrug‐resistant(MDR)determinants has also been shown to enhance or support the propagation of *** far,significant advances have been made in understanding the burden of ***,overcoming AMR requires a holistic approach,as there is no single approach with sufficient precision to curb the *** strengthening AMR surveillance efforts is essential,as we have shown,there is also a need to intensify efforts to strengthen therapeutic interventions,especially in priority regions such as ***,we discussed the burden of AMR and the dissemination of AMR in humans,animals,and the environment(non‐medical drivers).We further delved into the big questions on Africa and discussed how therapeutic interventions involving vaccines and other viable biomaterials could be pivotal in reducing the burden of AMR to the barest minimum.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) Bacteria Surveillance One Health Vaccines Africa

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Cancer treatment with biosimilar drugs:A review

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第2期3卷 45-62页

作者： Shilpa Malakar Emmanuel Nuah Gontor Moses YDugbaye Kamal Shah Sakshi Sinha Priya Sutaoney Nagendra Singh Chauhan Department of microbiology Kalinga UniversityRaipurChhattisgarhIndia Institute of pharmaceutical Research GLA UniversityMathuraUttar PradeshIndia Drug Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan KendraRaipurChhattisgarhIndia

Biosimilars are biological drugs created from living organisms or that contain living *** share an identical amino-acid sequence and *** drugs are considered to be cost-effective and are utilized in the treatment of cancer and other endocrine *** primary aim of biosimilars is to predict biosimilarity,efficacy,and treatment costs;they are approved by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)and have no clinical *** involve analytical studies to understand the similarities and dissimilarities.A biosimilar manufacturer sets up FDA-approved reference products to evaluate *** contribution of next-generation sequencing is evolving to study the organ tumor and its progression with its impactful therapeutic approach on cancer patients to showcase and target rare *** study shall help to understand the future perspectives of biosimilars for use in gastro-entero-logic diseases,colorectal cancer,and thyroid *** also help target specific organs with essential mutational categories and drug prototypes in clinical practices with blood and liquid biopsy,cell treatment,gene therapy,recombinant therapeutic proteins,and personalized *** derivatives such as monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab and rituximab are common drugs used in cancer *** coli produces more than six antibodies or antibody-derived proteins to treat cancer such as filgrastim,epoetin alfa,and so on.

关键词： biologics biosimilars cancer Escherichia coli monoclonal antibody next-generation sequencing pharmacovigilance

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Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase in celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3044-3047页

作者： Marica Colella Concetta Cafiero Raffaele Palmirotta Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine Section of Microbiology and VirologyUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70124Italy Area of Molecular Pathology Anatomic Pathology UnitFabrizio Spaziani HospitalFrosinone 03100Italy

We comment here on the article by Stefanolo et al entitled“Effect of Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase in patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet”,published in the World Journal of *** disease is a well-recognized systemic autoimmune *** genetically susceptible people,the most evident damage is located in the small intestine,and is caused and worsened by the ingestion of *** that reason,celiac patients adopt a gluten-free diet(GFD),but it has some limitations,and it does not prevent re-exposure to *** aims to develop adjuvant therapies,and one of the most studied alternatives is supplementation with Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase protease(AN-PEP),which is able to degrade gluten in the stomach,reducing its concentration in the small *** study found a high adherence to the GFD,but did not address AN-PEP as a gluten immunogenic peptide reducer,as it was only tested in patients following a GFD and not in gluten-exposing *** study opens up new research perspectives in this area and shows that further study is needed to clarify the points that are still in doubt.

关键词： Celiac disease Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease Gluten immunogenic peptides Trial Symptoms Real-life trial

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A retrospective analysis of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in critically ill patients:Experience at a tertiary-care teaching hospital ICU

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 181-186页

作者： Leyla Ferlicolak Neriman Defne Altintas Fugen Yoruk Department of Internal Medicine Division of Intensive Care unit Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical microbiology Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a clinically significant pathogen with a high incidence of multidrug resistance that is associated with life-threatening nosocomial ***,we aimed to provide an insight into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a unique group of *** infections in which the isolates were resistant to carbapenems and most other antibiotic groups in a tertiary-care intensive care unit(ICU).Methods We performed a retrospective observational study in which records of patients hospitalized in the ICU between June 1,2021 and June 1,2023 were *** checked the clinical,laboratory,and microbiological records of all adult patients who had carbapenem-resistant ***(CRAB)*** antibiotic treatments and definitive antibiotic treatments after culture positivity and susceptibility test results were recorded.C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin levels and leukocyte counts were *** of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were defined as the outcome *** During the study period,57 patients were diagnosed with CRAB *** respiratory tract was the leading infection site(80.7%).In non-survivors,bloodstream infections(21.9%vs.4.0%P=0.05)and colistin-resistant(col-R)CRAB infections(43.8%vs.24.0%,P=0.12)were more common than in survivors,but these parameters were not statistically *** length of ICU stay was not different between survivors and ***,the rate of col-R among CRAB clinical isolates was 35.1%.The 30-day mortality in all patients with CRAB infection was 56.1%.Mortality in col-R CRAB and colistin-susceptible(col-S)CRAB infections was 70.0%and 48.6%,respectively(P=0.12).Prior carbapenem use was 56.1%.Prior colistin use before col-R and col-S CRAB infections was not significant(35.0%vs.27.0%,P=0.53).Conclusions Our study provides real-world data on highly resistant *** infections and shares the characteristics of infections with such resistant stra

关键词： Mortality Colistin-resi stant Gram-negative bacteria MDR Intensive care unit

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Acatulides A-G,neuroprotective macrolides from Acaulium album H-JQSF

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 379-383页

作者： Zhi-Wu Tong Ting-Ting Wang Pei Yang Jia-Lin Sun Chen-Peng Zhang Salman Khan Xin-Cun Wang Rui-Hua Jiao Hui-Ming Ge Wen-Ying Zhuang Gang Hu Ren Xiang Tan State Key Laboratory of pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Functional BiomoleculesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China Insitute of microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Fungal symbionts co-evolve with hosts and microbial co-inhabitants to acquire an unpredictable potential for producing novel bioactive metabolites,but the knowledge about the topic remains patchy and *** we present the chemical characterization of acatulides A-G(1-7)as architecturally unprecedented macrolides from the solid-state culture of Acaulium album H-JQSF,an arthropod-associated *** acatulide structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis,modified Mosher's method and single-crystal X-ray *** plausible biosynthetic pathways for compounds 1-4 are ***,acatulides B-D(2-4)and G(7)were demonstrated to be neuroprotective against the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP+)-induced damage to SH-SY5Y cells and nematode Caenorhabditis elegans(***).

关键词： Acaulium album Macrolides Acatulides A–G Mosher’s method Neuroprotective

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Disulfide bridge-targeted metabolome mining unravels an antiparkinsonian peptide

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 881-892页

作者： Zhiwu Tong Xiahong Xie Huiming Ge Ruihua Jiao Tingting Wang Xincun Wang Wenying Zhuang Gang Hu Renxiang Tan State Key Laboratory of pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Functional BiomoleculesSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China Institute of microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Peptides are a particular molecule class with inherent attributes of some small-molecule drugs and macromolecular biologics,thereby inspiring continuous searches for peptides with therapeutic and/or agrochemical ***,the success rate is decreasing,presumably because many interesting but less-abundant peptides are so scarce or labile that they are likely‘overlooked’during the characterization ***,we present the biochemical characterization and druggability improvement of an unprecedented minor fungal RiPP(ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide),named acalitide,by taking the relevant advantages of metabolomics approach and disulfide-bridged substructure which is more frequently imprinted in the marketed peptide drug *** is biosynthetically unique in the macrotricyclization via two disulfide bridges and a protease(AcaB)-catalyzed lactamization of AcaA,an unprecedented precursor *** a biosynthetic logic was successfully re-edited for its sample supply renewal to facilitate the identification of the in vitro and in vivo antiparkinsonian efficacy of acalitide which was further confirmed safe and rendered brain-targetable by the liposome encapsulation *** together,the work updates the mining strategy and biosynthetic complexity of RiPPs to unravel an antiparkinsonian drug candidate valuable for combating Parkinson’s disease that is globally prevailing in an alarming manner.

关键词： Fungal RiPPs Biosynthesis Macrocyclic peptide Acalitide Antiparkinsonian

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Occurrence of K1 and K2 serotypes and genotypic characteristics of extended spectrumβ-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from selected hospitals in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 30-38页

作者： Nurul Syazrah Anuar Hazmin Hazman Sharven Raj Jeyakumar Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa Hasni Idayu Saidi Siti Norbaya Masri Nur Afiza Aziz Nurshahira Sulaiman Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Medical microbiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia microbiology unit Department of PathologyHospital Sultanah AminahJalan Persiaran Sultan Abu Bakar80100 Johor BahruJohorMalaysia

Objective:To determine the distribution,phenotypic and genetic background of extended spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)-producing Klebsiella(K.)pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with K1 and K2 serotypes in two selected hospitals in ***:A total of 192 *** isolates were collected and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility,hypermucoviscosity test and multiplex PCR to detect the presence of K1-and K2-serotype associated *** sequence typing(MLST)was performed on ESBL-producing *** isolates presented with K1 and K2 serotypes,followed by phylogenetic ***:A total of 87 out of 192(45.3%)of the *** isolates collected were ESBL ***,only 8.3%(16/192)and 10.9%(21/192)of the total isolates were detected to carry K1-and K2-serotype associated genes,*** analysis showed that K1 and K2 capsular serotypes were not significantly associated with ESBL phenotype(P=0.196).However,they were significantly associated with hypervirulent,as demonstrated by the positive string test(P<0.001).MLST analysis revealed that ST23 as the predominant sequence type(ST)in the K1 serotype,while the ST in the K2 serotype is more ***:Although the occurrence of ESBL-producing isolates among the hypervirulent strains was low,their coexistence warrants the need for continuous *** showed that these isolates were genetically heterogeneous.

关键词： Extended spectrumβ-lactamases Klebsiella pneumoniae Capsular serotypes Genotypic

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Incidence, risk factors and clinical outcome of multidrug-resistant organisms after heart transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 107-118页

作者： Sophia Hatzianastasiou Paraskevas Vlachos Georgios Stravopodis Dimitrios Elaiopoulos Afentra Koukousli Josef Papaparaskevas Themistoklis Chamogeorgakis Kyrillos Papadopoulos Theodora Soulele Despoina Chilidou Kyriaki Kolovou Aggeliki Gkouziouta Michail Bonios Stamatios Adamopoulos Stavros Dimopoulos microbiology Department and Infection Control Office Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthens 17674Greece Heart Transplantation unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthens 17674Greece Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthens 17674Greece

BACKGROUND Transplant recipients commonly harbor multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs),as a result of frequent hospital admissions and increased exposure to antimi-crobials and invasive *** To investigate the impact of patient demographic and clinical characteristics on MDRO acquisition,as well as the impact of MDRO acquisition on intensive care unit(ICU)and hospital length of stay,and on ICU mortality and 1-year mortality post heart *** This retrospective cohort study analyzed 98 consecutive heart transplant patients over a ten-year period(2013-2022)in a single transplantation *** was collected regarding MDROs commonly encountered in critical *** Among the 98 transplanted patients(70%male),about a third(32%)acquired or already harbored MDROs upon transplantation(MDRO group),while two thirds did not(MDRO-free group).The prevalent MDROs were Acinetobacter baumannii(14%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(12%)and Klebsiella pneumoniae(11%).Compared to MDRO-free patients,the MDRO group was characterized by higher body mass index(P=0.002),higher rates of renal failure(P=0.017),primary graft dysfunction(10%vs 4.5%,P=0.001),surgical re-exploration(34%vs 14%,P=0.017),mechanical circulatory support(47%vs 26%P=0.037)and renal replacement therapy(28%vs 9%,P=0.014),as well as longer extracorporeal circulation time(median 210 vs 161 min,P=0.003).The median length of stay was longer in the MDRO group,namely ICU stay was 16 vs 9 d in the MDRO-free group(P=0.001),and hospital stay was 38 vs 28 d(P=0.006),while 1-year mortality was higher(28%vs 7.6%,log-rank-χ2:7.34).CONCLUSION Following heart transplantation,a predominance of Gram-negative MDROs was *** acquisition was associated with higher complication rates,prolonged ICU and total hospital stay,and higher post-transplantation mortality.

关键词： Heart transplantation Multi drug resistant organisms Transplantation complications Transplantation outcome

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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 1-8页

作者： Jia-Tong Chang Li-Bo Liu Pei-Gang Wang Jing An Department of microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell *** review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq technologies together with their strengths and *** applications of scRNA-seq in various virological studies are discussed in depth,which broaden the understanding of the immune atlas,host-virus interactions,and immune ***-seq can be widely used for virology in the near future to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and discover more effective therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Host-virus interaction COVID-19 Flavivirus

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Dynamic modulation of nodulation factor receptor levels by phosphorylation-mediated functional switch of a RING-type E3 ligase during legume nodulation

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1090-1109页

作者： Hao Li Yajuan Ou Jidan Zhang Kui Huang Ping Wu Xiaoli Guo Hui Zhu Yangrong Cao National Key Lab of Agricultural microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China National Key Lab of Agricultural microbiology College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The precise control of receptor levels is crucial for initiating cellular signaling transduction in response to specific ligands;however,such mechanisms regulating nodulation factor(NF)receptor(NFR)-mediated perception of NFs to establish symbiosis remain *** this study,we unveil the pivotal role of the NFR-interacting RING-type E3 ligase 1(NIRE1)in regulating NFR1/NFR5 homeostasis to optimize rhizobial infection and nodule development in Lotus *** demonstrated that NiRE1 has a dual function in this regulatory *** associates with both NFR1 and NFR5,facilitating their degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination before rhizobial ***,following rhizobial inoculation,NFR1 phosphorylates NIRE1ata conserved residue,Tyr-109,inducing a functional switch in NIRE1,which enables NIRE1tomediateK63-linkedpolyubiquitination,thereby stabilizing NFR1/NFR5 in infected root *** introduction of phospho-dead NIRE1Y1osF leads to delayed nodule development,underscoring the significance of phosphorylation at Tyr-1o9 in orchestrating symbiotic ***,expression of the phospho-mimic NIRE1Y0E results in the formation of spontaneous nodules in ***,further emphasizing the critical role of the phosphorylation-dependent functional switch in *** summary,these findings uncover a fine-tuned symbiotic mechanism that a single E3 ligase could undergo a phosphorylationdependent functional switch to dynamically and precisely regulate NF receptor protein levels.

关键词： nodule symbiosis nodulation factor receptors E3 ligase ubiquitination phosphorylation protein degradation protein stabilization Lotus japonicus

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